Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Meningioma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of the potential factors, including Chinese herbal decoction, on the long-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSPrevious clinical data of 162 patients with AMI were collected, who were followed-up to observe the important events for prognosis, as death and cardio-cerebral episode, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the relative factors.

RESULTSThe degree of cardiac function (by New York grading) increased 1 grade when age increased for 10 years, and the relative hazardous degree (RHD) raised to 1.983 and 3.169. After treatment with Chinese herbal decoction and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), the RHD could be reduced to 0.177 and 0.161 respectively. Taking the important cardio-cerebral events, including death, as the endpoint, when age increased for 10 years, the cardiac function would increase for 1 grade and RHD of endpoint events increased to 2.021 and 1.863, if patients had history of anterior infarction, arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus, it increased to 2.903, 2.588 and 4.039 respectively. Chinese decoction and ACEI treatment could reduce it to 0.093 and 0.141 respectively.

CONCLUSIONAge, heart failure, anterior infarction, arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus are the hazardous factors of the long-term prognosis of AMI, Chinese herbal decoction and ACEI are the protective factors.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Phytotherapy ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the tubulointerstitium in type 2 diabetic KKA(y) mice and the effect of rosiglitazone on it.

METHODSKKA(y) and C57 BL/6 mice aged 16 weeks ( n = 5 in each group) were sacrificed as controls before treatment. Another 20 KKA(y) mice were treated with rosiglitazone (30 mg x kg (-1) d (-1), n = 10) or placebo (n = 10). The mice were sacrificed at 20 and 24-week-age (n = 5 at each time point). Protein expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1 ), CTGF, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) , and fibronectin were assayed by Western blot, while protein CTGF, PPARgamma, and alpha-smooth muscle actin ( alpha-SMA) were assayed by immunohistochemistry in kidney tissue sections.

RESULTSProteinuria was significantly decreased in mice aged 24 weeks treated by rosiglitazone than same-aged mice treated with placebo [ (44. 53+/-1. 96) vs (63. 66 +/-5. 57) microg/24 h, P < 0. 05 ]. The expressions of TGF-beta1, CTGF, and fibronectin in mice aged 20 weeks treated with rosiglitazone decreased by 37% , 21% , and 52% than same-aged control (P <0. 01) , and those were decreased by 61% , 50% , and 51% in mice aged 24 weeks treated with rosiglitazone compared with same-aged control mice (P < 0. 01). CTGF in the tubulointerstitium were respectively downregulated by 25% and 44. 9% in treated mice aged 20 weeks and 24 weeks compared with the same-aged control mice ( P < 0. 01). The PPARgamma appeared in diabetic mice and increased by 18. 1% in mice aged 24 weeks and treated with rosiglitazone than the same-aged control mice (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONHeterogeneous rosiglitazone may upregulate the expression of PPARgamma in renal cortex, and remarkably inhibit the expressions of CTGF in the tubulointerstitium and renal cortex in diabetic KKA(y) mice.

Animals ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Fibronectins ; biosynthesis ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Kidney Cortex ; metabolism ; Kidney Tubules ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; PPAR gamma ; agonists ; biosynthesis ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; biosynthesis ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo establish the model of bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived smooth muscle cells (BMSC-SMCs) and investigate the role of BMSC-SMCs in the development and progression of artherosclerosis.

METHODSBMSCs were isolated from the femoral bone of SD rats by adherent tissue culture method, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were obtained from the thoracic aorta. The differentiation of BMSCs into BMSC-SMCs was induced in the conditioned medium. The specific markers of BMSCs and BMSC-SMCs were identified by immunofluorescence (IF) staining. After treatment with 80 mg/L oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 72 h, the growth characteristics of BMSC-SMCs and VSMCs were observed. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze the cell cycle of BMSC-SMCs and VSMCs.

RESULTSBMCS-SMCs transformed into foam cells after treatment with ox-LDL, which was more obvious in comparison with VSMCs. The growth curve of BMSC-SMCs and VSMCs presented with an S-shape pattern with the cell doubling time of 20 and 32 h, which was reduced to 15 and 28 h after treatment with 80 mg/L ox-LDL, respectively. Flow cytometry showed that exposure to 80 mg/L ox-LDL significantly increased G(0)/G(1) and decreased S and G(2)/M phase cells in both BMSC-SMCs (P<0.01, n=3) and VSMCs (P<0.05, n=3) in comparison with the control cells.

CONCLUSIONBMSC-SMC might be involved in the formation of fatty core and accelerate the development of atherosclerosis.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2) in transdifferentiated human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cell induced by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1).

METHODSThe transdifferentiation of HK-2 cells was detected by evaluation of expression of alpha-SMA by cytoimmunochemistry and RT-PCR. The VEGF mRNA was evaluated with RT-PCR. The secreted VEGF in the culture media was measured with ELISA. The cellular VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 were measured with Western blot.

RESULTSThe immunostain of alpha-SMA were positive in HK-2 cell induced by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 5 and 8 ng/ml for 72 h. The expression of alpha-SMA mRNA was induced by TGFbeta1 in concentration- and time-dependent manners. The expressions of mRNA and protein of VEGF were upregulated by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 0.1 and 1 ng/ml for 72 h and at the concentration of 8 ng/ml for 12 h and 24 h when compared with the control. But expressions of mRNA and protein of VEGF were downregulated by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 3, 5, and 8 ng/ml for 72 h and at the concentration of 8 ng/ml for 36, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Meanwhile, Protein levels of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were upregulated by TGFbeta1 in concentration- and time- dependent manners.

CONCLUSIONSIncreased expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 and two-phase change in VEGF expression occurred in the process of tubular epithelial transdifferentiation induced by TGFbeta1. Reduced expression of VEGF may contribute to tubular epithelial transdifferentiation in a vicious circle.

Cell Differentiation ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between different Chinese medicine (CM) syndromes and variations in microcirculation in septic shock patients.

METHODSseventy Septic shock patients were divided into four groups: heat damaging qi-yin group (HDQY, 23 cases); yin exhaustion and yang collapse group (YEYC, 26 cases); excessive heat in Fu organ group (EHFO, 10 cases); and heat damaging nutrient-blood group (HDNB, 11 cases). Sublingual microcirculation parameters were observed by sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging and scored by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and parameters of microcirculation perfusion variations and prognoses were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with those with qi-yin heat damage, perfused vessel density (PVD) in other groups decreased dramatically (P<0.05), and APACHE II scores increased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, the recovery time was prolonged substantially (P<0.05), and the mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) decreased (P<0.05). Blood lactic acid increased significantly (P<0.05), and the mixed SVO decreased (P<0.05), in the YEYC group. Compared with the thermal injury camp blood group, sublingual microcirculation parameter variations showed no obvious difference in the YEYC and EHFO groups (P>0.05). There were significant positive correlations between CM syndromes and APACHE II scoring in different groups (r=0.512, P<0.05). There were negative correlations between PVD and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.378, P=0.043), the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.472, P=0.008), as well as between the microvascular flow index (MFI) and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.424, P=0.023) in different patients.

CONCLUSIONSublingual microcirculation may serve as a clinical diagnostic parameter of the patient condition, as well as being a prognostic indicator.

Aged ; Dopamine ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microcirculation ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Floor ; blood supply ; physiopathology ; Perfusion ; Shock, Septic ; blood ; drug therapy ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate histopathologic examination of the testis tissue from testicular sperm aspiration (TESA).

METHODSWe analyzed the results of inverted microscopy and histopathologic examination of 96 samples of testis tissue from TESA, and compared the accuracy of the two methods in detecting sperm in the testis tissue.

RESULTSAmong the 11 cases in which sperm was found by inverted microscopy, 9 were confirmed by histopathologic examination, and among the 57 cases in which sperm was not detected by inverted microscopy, 11 (19.3%) were found with sperm by histopathologic examination. Histopathologically, the cases in which sperm was not found by inverted microscopy included Sertoli-cell-only syndrome (n = 34), maturation arrest (n = 12) and hypospermatogenesis (n = 11).

CONCLUSIONHistopathologic examination may reveal sperm in the TESA testis tissue proved to be sperm-absent by microscopy, and thus offer valuable information for a second testicular sperm retrieval.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Retrieval ; Testis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of neutral endopeptidase (CD10) and motility-related protein-1 (CD9) in malignant melanoma and their clinical significance.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study for CD10 and CD9 using Streptavidin-biotin complex technique was carried out in 48 cases of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), 23 cases of metastatic melanoma and 23 cases of benign nevus.

RESULTSThe positivity rate of CD10 was highest in metastatic melanoma and lowest in benign nevus (P < 0.01). In contrast, the positivity rate of CD9 in metastatic melanoma was lower than that in CMM (P < 0.05). The expression of CD9 was inversely correlated with that of CD10 in malignant melanoma (CMM: r = -0.40, P = 0.005; metastatic MM: r = -0.44, P = 0.034). The expression of CD10 and CD9 in CMM also correlated with tumor histology, Clark's level of invasion and presence of nodal metastasis. A similar relationship was also observed for CD10 and CD9 expression in stromal fibroblasts of CMM (r = -0.43, P = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONSCD10 and CD9 expression correlates with the invasiveness and metastatic potential of malignant melanoma; both factors may demonstrate a counteracting effect. These two markers have potential implications in prognostic assessment of CMM. Stromal fibroblasts may also play an important role in the progression of CMM.

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Tetraspanin-29

Objective:To investigate the clinical biological characteristics of EVI1 positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its effect on early chemotherapy.Methods:The clinical and biological characteristics of 33 AML patients with EVI1 positive were retrospectively analyzed in 361 AML patients who were diagnosed and treated in our institute from March 2015 to July 2016,and the clinical and biological features,and rates of the induced remission were compared between the intermediate risk and poor risk with EVI1 positive AML,moreover,the influential factors on complete remission (CR) were analyzed.The expression of EVI1/ABL was tested in 32 healthy donors to confirm the abnormal threshold of EVI1 expression.Results:The definition of EVI1 positive was that the quantitative expression of EVI1/ABL was more than 8.0％.The 33 AML patients with EVI1 positive were found in 361 newly diagnosed AML patients,in which the female and male patients were 17 and 16 respectively,the median age was 45 (18-67) years,with a median follow-up of 6.6 (0.7-13.2) months.Intermediate karyotype was found in 17 patients (including 9 patients with normal karyotypes,1 patient with + 8);unfavorable karyotype was found in 14 patients [including 7 patients with-7/7q-,4 patients with t (v;11q23),3 patients with inv (3)/t (3;3),and 2 patients without mitotic figures].The rate of CR in the first induction chemotherapy was 42.4％,and the rate of total CR was 60.6％.According to the NCCN,16 intermediate risk patients and poor risk patients were divided,without favorable risk patients.The rate of CR in the first induction chemotherapy were 68.8％ and 17.6％ (P =0.005) in the intermediate risk and poor risk respectively,that of total CR were 81.3％ and 41.2％ (P =0.032),and the rates of relapse were 7.7％ and 14.3％.Univariable analysis revealed that unfavorable karyotype could affect the rate of CR in the first reduction chemotherapy and that of total CR (P =0.004,0.029).The poor risk patients had higher mortality (41.2％ vs.6.3％,P =0.039) and lower overall survival (OS) (P =0.012).Conclusion:EVI1 may be not an independent prognostic factor for the AML patients considering the appearance in the intermediate and poor risk patients.It predicts poor outcome in the EVI1 positive AML patients who have unfavorable karyocytes,such as-7/7q-,t (v;11 q23),and inv (3)/t (3;3),and also a low rate of both CR in the first induction chemotherapy and total CR.It also has a low rate of long-term survival and high mortality in the AML patients with EVI1 positive,who may benefit from allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as soon as possible.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the enhancing effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the bystander effect of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase(HSV-TK)/ganciclovir (GCV) against androgen unresponsive prostate cancer.

METHODSThe bystander effect of the HSV-TK/GCV system was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay on PC-3 cells before and after ATRA treatment. The growth and the histopathology of transplant tumors were observed in 4 groups of nude mice with prostate cancer.

RESULTSATRA augmented significantly the bystander effect of the HSV-TK/GCV system by reducing TK positive PC-3 cells from 50% to 30% (P < 0.05). HSV-TK showed an inhibiting effect, while ATRA with the HSV-TK/GCV system produced significant effect on prostate cancer 1 week earlier than the former (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONATRA can argument the in vivo and in vitro bystander effect of the HSV-TK/GCV system in the treatment of androgen unresponsive prostate cancer.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Bystander Effect ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Ganciclovir ; pharmacology ; Genes, Transgenic, Suicide ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Simplexvirus ; enzymology ; Thymidine Kinase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; methods