BACKGROUND:Currently a big controversy erupts in the repair of abdominal wal defects with composite patch. OBJECTIVE:To compare the composite patch and biological patch in the repair of abdominal wal defects in dogs. METHODS:Ten dogs were selected to prepare abdominal wal defect models, and then randomized into experimental group subjected to composite patch repair and control group subjected to biological patch repair. Incision adhesion was assessed at postoperative 30, 60, 90 days; patches and defect tissues were taken and detected histologicaly at postoperative 14 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The incision adhesion in the experimental group was milder than that in the control group at different time post operation (P < 0.05). At 14 days post operation, the material structure was clear with no signs of absorption in the experimental group, and there were a large amount of infiltrated inflammatory cels around the patch material, such as neutrophils and lymphocytes, and non-phagocytic patch was found; in the control group, the material structure was fuzzy with the presence of inflammatory cel infiltration and slight signs of absorption. Moreover, inflammation and fibrosis were severer in the control group than the experimental group. These findings indicate that compared with the biological patch, the composite patch is better to effectively reduce inflammatory reactions.

Primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMM) is an important link which closely relates to the quality of products in TCMM. The traditional primary processing method and technology systems were derived from the long-term practices and experiences, which are distinctive, colorful, diverse, and scientific. The method of "sweating" is a critical step for processing the rhizome, root, cortex, and sclerotium and helpful for distributing moisture from inside to outside of TCMM in drying process, regulating and promoting the enzymatic reaction and chemical conversion by enzyme and germs, and starting or accelerating the biotransformation and chemical conversion of primary/secondary metabolites, which could directly affect the quality of TCMM. In this paper, the authors discuss the origins and development, purpose, and significance of "sweating" processing and the mechanisms of enzymatic reaction and chemical conversion of chemical compositions during the primary processing of "sweating". These data may provide the foundation and support for processing in normalization and standardization and formulating the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of primary processing of TCMM.

The harvest time of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMM) is a very essential part for production of TCMM, and affects their quality and yield. The research on the best harvest time of TCMM has been a key problem taken into account more and more with practicing GAP of TCMM. Based on thoughts and methods of resource chemistry, this paper established an evaluated mode to objectively determine the best harvest time of Angelica sinensis through system investigating from different producing areas and harvest times, and characterize the phenology and multi-index components comprehensive criteria. The author firstly proposed the suitable methods of the best harvest time of TCMM, which was a basis of theory and methods of resource chemistry of TCMM, and including the time-space relationships and laws of substances dynamic accumulation. These data could provide the guidance for standardized production and guaranteed quality and yield of TCMM.

Abstract: A new selaginellin derivative named as selaginellin S (1) was isolated from the whole plants of Selaginella pulvinata (Hook. et Grev.) Maxim. (Selaginellaceae), together with a known one (selaginellin M, 2). Compounds 1 and 2 were separated and purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis including IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as ECD calculations. Compound 1 is a key intermidiant in the biosynthesis pathway of selaginellins. Compound 2 is first reported in this plant.
Biphenyl Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Cyclohexanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanisms of main active ingredients of Siwu decoction analogous formulae for treating primary dysmenorrhea of gynecology blood stasis syndrome by network pharmacology study, and to investigate the correlations between multi-compounds, multi targets and multi pathways.

METHODMajor active compounds from Siwu decoction analogous formulae, including ligustilide, butylidene phthalide, senkyunolide, ferulic acid, gallic acid, peoniflorin, jioglutin A, catalpol, transanethole, zingiberone, commiphoric acid, eugenol, isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, wulingzhic acid, alpha-cyperone, cyperene, costunolide, costic acid, tetrahydropalmatine, protopine, amygdalin, 24-methylene cycloartanol, oleic acid, linoleic acid, 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid, hydroxysafflor yellow A, coptisine, berberine, jatrorrhizine, baicalein, baicalin, wogonin were collected to build component-protein networks based on PharmMapper database. The targets information access was used to construct and visualize components-targets-pathways network model using the kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway database and Cytoscape software.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONSerine threonine protein kinases play an important role in the process of cells. They were potential targets in the effect of Siwu decoction analogous formulae. The effect of main active ingredients involved 51 the pathway. Besides the same ones, Shaofu Zhuyu decoction had more effect on lipid metabolism, Xiangfu Siwu decoction on amino acid metabolism pathways, Taohong Siwu decoction on carbohydrate metabolism, while, Qinlian Siwu decoction on ErbB, VEGF signal transduction pathway. Siwu decoction and its derived formulae not only had common targets and pathways, but also had their own emphasis. This reflected the formulae effect mode of multi-ingredients, multi-targets and multi-pathways. It may provide clues to deeper study of molecular mechanism of Siwu decoction analogous formulae action.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; genetics

This study is to analyze and identify the water soluble components of water buffalo horn (Bubali Cornu, WBH), and also establish a method for investigating these components. Shotgun proteomic analysis identified proteins in WBH aqueous extraction: keratin, collagen, desmoglein, etc. Ultrafiltration and LC-MS/MS were used to separate and identify the peptides in WBH aqueous extract, as a result, identified peptides were mainly derived from nonspecific degradation products of keratin and collagen, which including C-terminal peptides and non C-terminal peptides. Hypoxanthine, uridine, guanosine, and adenosine were identified by comparing with the standards. The strategy in present study could be used in analyzing water soluble components of animal horn derived TCM. It provides a reference for investigation of the material basis of animal horn derived TCM.
Animals ; Buffaloes ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Guanosine ; Horns ; chemistry ; Hypoxanthine ; Mass Spectrometry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Peptides ; Proteomics ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Uridine

Objective To explore the influence of elevating the oxygen pressure on articular chondrocytes in vitro.Method A hydrogen peroxide induced human articular chondrocyte damage model was established.Then the articular chondrocyte viability was detected using the CCK-8 kit.Collagen Ⅱ(COL Ⅱ),The expression levels of aggrecan (ACAN),matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and adisintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) were detected using the realtime PCR and Western blotting.Result The viability of articular chondrocytes improved at 12 h but decreased at 24 h after the stimulation of hydrogen peroxide.Twenty-four hours later,the average expression level of COL Ⅱ and ACAN decreased(P＜0.05),while that of MMP13 and ADAMTS5 elevated(P＞0.05).Conclusion Hydrogen peroxide induced elevation of the extracellular oxygen pressure can influence the synthesis and degradation of the articular chondrocyte extracellular matrix.

Objective To approach the mechanism and efficacy of regional intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with the mixture of lipid emulsion-CDDP (LE-CDDP) for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods Twenty-four health dogs were divided into four groups (group A, B, C, and D). The dosage of CDDP was used in 4 mg/kg/body weight for each animal The 20% LE, as a solvent, was used in the experimental animals with 2 ml/kg/ body weight (group A) and 1 ml/kg/bedy weight (group B), respectively. Normal sodium (NS) as a solvent was used as control with 2 ml/kg/bedy weight (group C) and 1 ml/kg/body weight (group D), respectively. The LE-CDDP mixture and the NS-CDDP mixture were infused into the proximal segment of splenic artery under the DSA, with transfemoral arterial approach. Blood samples were collected after infusion at 0,3,5,10,20,30,40,50,60 min and the tissues were obtained after the 60 min's blood sample was collected. Blood samples, absorbent gland in peripancreas, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, portal vein, the superior segment of jejunal and pancreas and parapancreatic tissues were obtained for CDDP concentration analysis and histopatholngic examination. Results The values of the area under curve (AUC), the incipient serum concentration ( C0 ) and the elimination half-life (t1/2 ) of the serum CDDP concentration-time curve in four groups were A (54. 5 ± 10.1)%,(2.6±0.5) mg/L, (16.7±3.6) min;B (18.3±6.0)%,(1.5±0.2) mg/L, (47.9 ± 11.1) min; C (116.7±20.6)%, (6.5±0.4) mg/L, (10.5±2.8) min and D (126.6±30.7)%, (5.5±0.4) mg/L, ( 10. 1±3. 1 ) min, respectively. There were significant difference among these four groups ( F(AUC) = 42. 42, F(C0) = 249. 61, F( t1/2 ) = 12. 48, P < 0. 01 ). The values of AUC and C0 in the group A were significantly lower than those in the group C (t(AUC) = 6. 64,t(C0) = 16. 34, P <0. 01 ), and the corresponding values in the group B being also significantly lower than those in the group D (t(AUC) = 8.49, t(C0) =22. 30, P<0. 01 ). The value t1/2 in the group A was significantly longer than that of in the group C ( t = 3.36, P < 0. 01 ), and that of group B was also significantly longer than that of group D ( t = 3.71, P <0. 01 ). The values of AUC and C0 in the group B were significantly lower than those in the group A (t(AUC) = 7. 57, t(C0) = 5.48, P < 0. 01 ), and the value t1/2 in the group B was significantly longer than that in the group A (t = 3.22, P < 0. 05 ). The concentrations of the left lobe and horn of pancreas were higher in the group B (0. 18, 0. 18 mg/L) than those in the group A (0. 05, 0. 05 mg/L) (t =2. 52, 2. 73, P < 0. 05). The tissue CDDP concentration of the right lobe of pancreas and spleen were no significant difference between group A ( 0. 11, 0. 29 mg/L ) and group B ( 0. 07, 0. 24 mg/L) ( P > 0. 05 ). Perivascular lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration, congestion and hemorrhage were found in the pancreas, parapancreatic absorbent gland, liver and spleen in the group A and group B. The micro-particles of intralipid were present in the capillary vessel of these tissues. No specific pathological changes were found in other groups and organs. Conclusions The regional intra-arterial infusion with LE-CDDP mixture could increase the pancreatic CDDP concentration, meanwhile, it also could decrease the serum CDDP concentration. The more of the CDDP concentration in the LE-CDDP mixture, the more CDDP concentration at the pancreatic tissue accordingly.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of nuclear factor ( NF)-κB activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the serum levels of correlated inflammatory cytokines in children with infant muggy syndrome(IMS).Methods Blood samples from 100 patients with IMS and those from 32 healthy infants( control group)were detected by ELISA for amount of NF-κB activation in PBMCs and for serum levels of interleukin ( IL ) -17,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) -α and IL- 10 respectively from Jan 2008 to Jan 2011.At the same time,blood samples from 46 out of the above 100 patients with IMS and those from the 32 controls for positive rate of activation of NF-κB in PBMCs were detected by flow cytometry as well.The relationship between all the data and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome( MODS ) were analyzed respectively.Results As compared with that of control group,the percentage of activated NF-κB in PBMCs in 100 patients with IMS detected by ELISA [ ( 11.042 ± 6.792 ) ％ vs ( 4.528 ± 1.378 ) ％ ] and the positive rate of NF-κB activation in 46 patients with IMS detected by flow cytometry [ ( 28.780 ± 13.820 ) ％ vs (7.078 ±5.395)％ ] were both significantly higher ( P ＜0.01 ).The serum levels of IL-17,IL-6 and IL-10were also significantly higher in patients with IMS than those in control group( P ＜0.01 ).The serum level of TNF-α was higher in patients with IMS than that in control group but without significance( P ＞ 0.05 ).The percentage of activated NF-κB [ ( 14.591 ± 7.626) ％ vs ( 8.576 ± 4.851 ) ％ ],the positive rate of NF-κB activation [ ( 36.087 ± 12.056) ％ vs ( 23.590 ± 11.263 ) ％ ],and the serum levels of IL- 17,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-10 were all significantly higher in IMS patients with MODS than those in IMS patients without MODS ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The inflammatory factors of NF-κB activation in PBMCs and the high serum levels of IL-17 and IL-6 are potent to cause inflammatory damage in IMS patients,and the serum level of IL-10 is not able to compensate the damage.The activation of NF-κB and high serum levels of IL-17,IL-6 and TNF-α are correlated with MODS.

The changes of bioactive constituents were analyzed for Puhuang-Wulingzhi before and after compatibility and the antiplatelet and antithrombin activitives were evaluated in order to elucidate the scientific and reasonable of Puhuang-Wulingzhi compatibility. UPLC-QTOF-MA-Markerlynx, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis were used for data analysis and tracking changes of chemical composition during the decocting process. In vitro platelet aggregation induced by ADP, thrombin time(TT) and prothrombin time (PT) were investigated for Puhuang-Wulingzhi before and after compatibility. The results showed that significant differences were found between the mixed decoction and codecoction of Wulingzhi and Puhuang. Five compounds changed obviously were identified as typhaneoside, naringenin, isorhamnetin-3-O-ruinoside, quercetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside. The codecoction, comparing with the single decoction, was more significant in antiplatelet aggregation and could prolong thrombin time. In the same crude drug dose, the thrombin time (TT) elongation were greater. These data could provide references for elucidation of bioactive components for this herb pair.
Animals ; Antithrombins ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; physiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Rabbits ; Thrombin Time