Objective Osteoporosis and tumble are the most common risky factor for geriatric fracture that usually involve spine, hip, and distal radius. The major preventive measures include reasonable exercises, nourishment, and avoidance of substance abuse. To measure bone mineral density is valuable in predicting the risk of hip fracture. Little change will occur in the healing course of geriatric fractures, but the new born formation is slow and the healing time of later stage long. This paper recommends the therapeutic principle, procedure and difficulty in the treatment of geriatric fractures.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of rhubarb combined with smecta in the treatment of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP).Methods Seventy-six patients with severe AOPP admitted in the Emergency Centre of Heze Municiple Hospital in Shandong Province from June 2011 to June 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into observation group and control group by the random number table method, 38 cases in each group. The comprehensive routine treatment of gastric lavage to thoroughly clear the gastric content, appropriate application of penehyclidine and atropine for detoxication, pralidoxime chloride, etc. were given to the two groups. On the basis of the above conventional treatment, the observation group was treated with rhubarb 30 g for catharsis and smecta 30 g for adsorption once in every 4 hours, two drugs applied alternately for 48 hours, while the control group was treated with 33% magnesium sulfate 60 mL for catharsis and bleaching clay 200 g for adsorption once in every 4 hours, two drugs applied alternately for 48 hours. The treatment effect, dosage, incidence of complication and case fatality rate in both groups were observed.Results The first defecation time (hours: 5.8±3.7 vs. 9.4±4.6), gastrointestinal function recovery time (hours: 21.7±6.1 vs. 25.2±8.3), atropinization time (minutes: 51.8±23.9 vs. 68.5±20.1), conscious recovery time (days: 2.3±1.2 vs. 3.6±1.9), the time of cholinesterase (ChE) activity returning to more than 50% (days: 4.7±2.3 vs. 6.1±2.9) and the length of stay in hospital (days: 9.2±4.9 vs. 12.3±6.9) were obviously shorter in the observation group than those of the control group (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01); the used dosage of atropine (mg: 234.3±37.1 vs. 265.7±31.4) and penehyclidine (mg: 19.2±14.3 vs. 36.7±25.4) and the incidence of adverse reactions of poisoning rebound [7.9% (3/38) vs. 31.6% (12/38)], intermediate syndrome [2.6% (1/38) vs. 18.4% (7/38)], delayed neuropathy [0 (0/38) vs. 15.8% (6/38)] in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01). No death occurred in both groups.Conclusion At present, the combination of smecta and rhubarb is a relatively good method of catharsis and adsorption to completely clear the gastrointestinal toxic residues inside the patients with AOPP, and it can reduce the amount of drugs used, the incidence of complications and the duration of hospital stay.

Objective To compare the application of National Standard GB/T 20470-2006 and Industry Standard WS/T 403-2012 in quality management of biochemical detection .Methods Comparison of indexes such as σ level ,quality goal index (QGI ) , priority improvement measure and performance evaluation were conducted in projects of external quality assessment launched in this department .Results Differences of performance evaluation showed no statistically significant between National Standard GB /T 20470-2006 and Industry Standard WS/T 403-2012(P= 0 .069) ,while their differences of σ value classification and priority im-provement measure were statistically significant (P were 0 .007 ,0 .012 ,respectively ) .Conclusion Industry Standard WS/T 403-2012 is more stringent than National Standard GB/T 20470-2006 .

Objective To investigate the effect of psychological nursing in children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fuxation. Methods 63 children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fixation were randomly divided into the control group (30 cases) and the observation group (33 cases), the control group were given routine nursing care, the observation group received psychological intervention in addition to the routine nursing care, the nursing effect of two groups were compared. Results In the observation group, the excellent and good rate was 97.0%, significantly higher than 80.0% of the control group, the incidence of complications of the observation group was 6.1%, slightly lower than 10.0% of the control group, there was no significant difference between two groups; the children (or) family members,satisfaction degree nursing staff in the observation group was 97.0%, significantly higher than 76.7% of the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusions Psychological nursing based upon routine nursing in children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fixation proved satisfactory clinical results, and conducive to the rehabilitation of patients, so it is worth popularizing.

We administerd 13-item footedness and 13-item handedness tests to 150 healthy adults,among whom there were 36 minority subjects.The results suggest that the percentage of the right-handed is significantly higher than that of the right-footed.A further analysis shows that this difference is influenced by environmental and nonenvironmental factors.

This article probed the ethical demand and the professional moral of teachers, analyzed the problems in today's professional moral of teachers and meanwhile proposed some constructive suggestions about the professional moral of teachers and ethical demand.

OBJECTIVE To study the quantitative bacteriology of sputum in patients with lower respiratory tract infection. METHODS A total of 1534 samples were collected from 1351 patients.Bacterial culture,drugs sensitive test and quantitative analysis were carried out.The pathogens were confirmed by VITEK-32 and API system.MIC test was adopted to analyze drug resistance. RESULTS The 1605 strains were isolated of the 1534 samples.The common pathogens were Escherichia coli 24.3%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 20.7%,Streptococcus pneumoniae 20.7%,Enterobacter cloacae 10.9%,Staphylococcus aureus 10.4%,Haemophilus influenzae 8.7%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5.9%,and Moraxella catarrhalis 4.0%. CONCLUSIONS Sputum cultures usually can not accurately reflect the etiology.Diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection is based on clinical symptoms.A sputum Gram staining may show many mononuclear or polymorphonuclear cells in viral or bacterial infections,respectively.

Purpose:To investigate the characteristic findi ngs for HPO in bone scintigraphy and evaluate the clinical significance of HPO i n lung diseases. Methods:~99mTc-MDP bone scintigram of 11 025 patients in Shanghai Chest Hospital were reviewed. Among them 75 HPO cases were confirmed by ~99mTc-MDP bone scan. The scintigrams and clinical evidences of these pat ients were retrospectively analyzed. Results:①In our study, bone scan disclosed two patterns: doubl e-stripe sign and symmetrically increased uptake in juxta-articular bone. The incidence were 96% and 2.6% respectively. Increased uptake along the cortical ma rgins of the long bone were more obvious in the lower than upper extremities.②H PO occurred principally in man more than 45 years old with smoking history excee ding 400 pack years. ③Digital clubbing and arthralgia were presented in 25(33.3 %) of the 75 patients with HPO. They may be the first sign of the intrathoracic tumors especially of bronchogenic carcinoma. ④We observed 72 HPO cases(96%) sec ondary to intrathoracic tumors including solitary pleural tumor, pulmonary metas tatic tumor, thymic carcinoma and bronchogenic carcinoma. The most common diseas e associated with HPO was bronchogenic carcinoma, which occurred in 90.7% of pat ients. The inflammatory pulmonary disease associated with HPO was unusual(4%), i ncluding bacterial pneumonia and tubclosis. ⑤The incidence of HPO in patients w ith bronchogenic carcinoma was 2.3%. The tumor was predominantly located in the periphery. HPO was more common in patients with adenocarcinoma(51.4%) and almost occurred in middle or low differentiated lung cancer(91.2%). There was no relat ionship between HPO and staging of tumor. Conclusions:Double-stripe sign was a main characteristic findi ng for HPO. The presence of HPO may predict the involvement of lung disease. HPO was mainly associated with intrathoracic tumors especially with lung cancer. Th e physicians should pay much attention to the syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quality control method for mitomycin nanoparticles(MMC-PBCA-NP) for injection.METHODS: The appearance of nanoparticles was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM),and its particle size and particle size distribution were measured using Marvin Laser granulometer.The content of MMC in the nanoparticles was determined by HPLC.The related quality test of 3 batches of samples were performed in accordance with the quality standard of injections stated in the appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 Edition),and investigate the preliminary stability of the preparation.RESULTS: The preparation was purplish pultaceous cake substance,and the drug-loading nanoparticles were globular in appearance,with the average particle size,the average encapsulation efficiency and the drug loading amount at 100.0 nm,85.8% and 7.0 %,respectively,all in conformity with the standard stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The preliminary stability of the preparation was good.CONCLUSION: The quality standard study on which serves as quality references for its industrialized production.

Objective To analyze the clinical effects and pharmacoeconomics of ilaprazole in the treatment of reflux esophagitis.Methods 80 reflux esophagitis patients were selected as research subjects,who were divided into observation group and the control group,each group 40 cases according to the random number table.The observation group was given ilaprazole treatment,the dose for the 10mg/d;the control group received esomeprazole treatment,the dose for the 40mg/d.After 8 weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy and cost of treatment of the two groups were compared.The ilaprazole clinical efficacy and pharmacoeconomics treatment of reflux esophagitis was explored.Results (1) After 8 weeks of treatment,symptom scores in patients of the observation group(0.7 ± 0.3)point,compared with before treatment(3.1 ± 0.8) point was significantly lower,the difference was statistically significant (t =16.7,P ＜0.01).The control group patients after symptom score(0.4 ±0.3) than before treatment(3.2 ±0.9) was also significantly reduced,the difference was statistically significant (t =18.6,P ＜0.01) ;there was no statistically significant in score after 8 weeks of treatment between the two groups(t =0.00,P ＞0.05).35 cases in the observation group had markedly effectiveness in 2cases,the total effective rate was 92.5％ ;36 cases in control group had markedly effectiveness in 2 cases,the total rate was 95％ ;efficiency of treatment of the two groups of patients was compared with that difference was not statistically significant(x2 =0.21,P ＞0.05).3) The analysis found that the observation group 34 cases were cured,improved in 2 cases,total effective rate was 90％ ;the control group,35 cases were cured,2 cases improved endoscopic efficacy in two groups of patients after 8 weeks of treatment,the total was 92.5％ ;4) There was no statistically significant difference in the efficiency of treatment of the two groups (x2 =0.15,P ＞0.05).The cost of treatment between the two groups was not statistically significant (t =0.99,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ilaprazole has the similar clinical effect and cost with esomeprazole in the treatment of reflux esophagitis,and ilaprazole is an effective drug for treatment of reflux esophagitis.