Objective To monitor the lithium level in serum of patients who has taken lithium carbonate and analyze its influencing factor,to explore the relationship between lithium level in serum and chronic lithium intoxication.Methods The lithium level was determined by electrolytic analyzer with electrode method and results from September in 2011 to September in 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The lithium levels of 252 cases were 56cases (22％) under 0.6mmol/L,188 cases (75 ％) between 0.6-1.2mmol/L and 8 cases (3％) above 1.2mmol/L.179 cases (71％) were effective and 69 cases (27 ％) were ineffective,4 cases (2％) showed lithium toxic.The clinical therapeutic effect was improved with the concentration gradually in creasing,and the poisoning rate was getting higher.Plasma lithium concentration is closely related to hyperlipoidemia,hemolysis,nephropathy and the incidence seasons.Conclusion We should attach importance to the therapy drug monitoring dosage,clinical feature,and removing influencing factor which are the basis to guide the clinical medication.This way can adjust the dosage for individual administration.

OBJECTIVE To study the quantitative bacteriology of sputum in patients with lower respiratory tract infection. METHODS A total of 1534 samples were collected from 1351 patients.Bacterial culture,drugs sensitive test and quantitative analysis were carried out.The pathogens were confirmed by VITEK-32 and API system.MIC test was adopted to analyze drug resistance. RESULTS The 1605 strains were isolated of the 1534 samples.The common pathogens were Escherichia coli 24.3%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 20.7%,Streptococcus pneumoniae 20.7%,Enterobacter cloacae 10.9%,Staphylococcus aureus 10.4%,Haemophilus influenzae 8.7%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5.9%,and Moraxella catarrhalis 4.0%. CONCLUSIONS Sputum cultures usually can not accurately reflect the etiology.Diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection is based on clinical symptoms.A sputum Gram staining may show many mononuclear or polymorphonuclear cells in viral or bacterial infections,respectively.

The author briefs the main research progress and way of the new developed nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation(NAST).The definition,conditioning regimen ,graft versus host disease(GVHD),graft versus leukemia(GVL) effects and clinical research are disussed.NAST is developed from theories and ideas of tranditional allogeneic stem cell transplantation,is a new way for hematological diseases ,malignant tumors and congenital immunodeficiencies.The author proposes cooperative researches on problems related with NAST.

Objective To investigate the effect of psychological nursing in children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fuxation. Methods 63 children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fixation were randomly divided into the control group (30 cases) and the observation group (33 cases), the control group were given routine nursing care, the observation group received psychological intervention in addition to the routine nursing care, the nursing effect of two groups were compared. Results In the observation group, the excellent and good rate was 97.0%, significantly higher than 80.0% of the control group, the incidence of complications of the observation group was 6.1%, slightly lower than 10.0% of the control group, there was no significant difference between two groups; the children (or) family members,satisfaction degree nursing staff in the observation group was 97.0%, significantly higher than 76.7% of the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusions Psychological nursing based upon routine nursing in children with supracondylar fracture of humerus undergoing open reduction and internal fixation proved satisfactory clinical results, and conducive to the rehabilitation of patients, so it is worth popularizing.

We administerd 13-item footedness and 13-item handedness tests to 150 healthy adults,among whom there were 36 minority subjects.The results suggest that the percentage of the right-handed is significantly higher than that of the right-footed.A further analysis shows that this difference is influenced by environmental and nonenvironmental factors.

Purpose:To investigate the characteristic findi ngs for HPO in bone scintigraphy and evaluate the clinical significance of HPO i n lung diseases. Methods:~99mTc-MDP bone scintigram of 11 025 patients in Shanghai Chest Hospital were reviewed. Among them 75 HPO cases were confirmed by ~99mTc-MDP bone scan. The scintigrams and clinical evidences of these pat ients were retrospectively analyzed. Results:①In our study, bone scan disclosed two patterns: doubl e-stripe sign and symmetrically increased uptake in juxta-articular bone. The incidence were 96% and 2.6% respectively. Increased uptake along the cortical ma rgins of the long bone were more obvious in the lower than upper extremities.②H PO occurred principally in man more than 45 years old with smoking history excee ding 400 pack years. ③Digital clubbing and arthralgia were presented in 25(33.3 %) of the 75 patients with HPO. They may be the first sign of the intrathoracic tumors especially of bronchogenic carcinoma. ④We observed 72 HPO cases(96%) sec ondary to intrathoracic tumors including solitary pleural tumor, pulmonary metas tatic tumor, thymic carcinoma and bronchogenic carcinoma. The most common diseas e associated with HPO was bronchogenic carcinoma, which occurred in 90.7% of pat ients. The inflammatory pulmonary disease associated with HPO was unusual(4%), i ncluding bacterial pneumonia and tubclosis. ⑤The incidence of HPO in patients w ith bronchogenic carcinoma was 2.3%. The tumor was predominantly located in the periphery. HPO was more common in patients with adenocarcinoma(51.4%) and almost occurred in middle or low differentiated lung cancer(91.2%). There was no relat ionship between HPO and staging of tumor. Conclusions:Double-stripe sign was a main characteristic findi ng for HPO. The presence of HPO may predict the involvement of lung disease. HPO was mainly associated with intrathoracic tumors especially with lung cancer. Th e physicians should pay much attention to the syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quality control method for mitomycin nanoparticles(MMC-PBCA-NP) for injection.METHODS: The appearance of nanoparticles was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM),and its particle size and particle size distribution were measured using Marvin Laser granulometer.The content of MMC in the nanoparticles was determined by HPLC.The related quality test of 3 batches of samples were performed in accordance with the quality standard of injections stated in the appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 Edition),and investigate the preliminary stability of the preparation.RESULTS: The preparation was purplish pultaceous cake substance,and the drug-loading nanoparticles were globular in appearance,with the average particle size,the average encapsulation efficiency and the drug loading amount at 100.0 nm,85.8% and 7.0 %,respectively,all in conformity with the standard stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The preliminary stability of the preparation was good.CONCLUSION: The quality standard study on which serves as quality references for its industrialized production.

This article probed the ethical demand and the professional moral of teachers, analyzed the problems in today's professional moral of teachers and meanwhile proposed some constructive suggestions about the professional moral of teachers and ethical demand.

Objective To analyze the clinical effects and pharmacoeconomics of ilaprazole in the treatment of reflux esophagitis.Methods 80 reflux esophagitis patients were selected as research subjects,who were divided into observation group and the control group,each group 40 cases according to the random number table.The observation group was given ilaprazole treatment,the dose for the 10mg/d;the control group received esomeprazole treatment,the dose for the 40mg/d.After 8 weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy and cost of treatment of the two groups were compared.The ilaprazole clinical efficacy and pharmacoeconomics treatment of reflux esophagitis was explored.Results (1) After 8 weeks of treatment,symptom scores in patients of the observation group(0.7 ± 0.3)point,compared with before treatment(3.1 ± 0.8) point was significantly lower,the difference was statistically significant (t =16.7,P ＜0.01).The control group patients after symptom score(0.4 ±0.3) than before treatment(3.2 ±0.9) was also significantly reduced,the difference was statistically significant (t =18.6,P ＜0.01) ;there was no statistically significant in score after 8 weeks of treatment between the two groups(t =0.00,P ＞0.05).35 cases in the observation group had markedly effectiveness in 2cases,the total effective rate was 92.5％ ;36 cases in control group had markedly effectiveness in 2 cases,the total rate was 95％ ;efficiency of treatment of the two groups of patients was compared with that difference was not statistically significant(x2 =0.21,P ＞0.05).3) The analysis found that the observation group 34 cases were cured,improved in 2 cases,total effective rate was 90％ ;the control group,35 cases were cured,2 cases improved endoscopic efficacy in two groups of patients after 8 weeks of treatment,the total was 92.5％ ;4) There was no statistically significant difference in the efficiency of treatment of the two groups (x2 =0.15,P ＞0.05).The cost of treatment between the two groups was not statistically significant (t =0.99,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ilaprazole has the similar clinical effect and cost with esomeprazole in the treatment of reflux esophagitis,and ilaprazole is an effective drug for treatment of reflux esophagitis.

In a twenty-five year period (1958—1983) ,there were 1255 children admited to this institute because of various kinds of burn injuries.The overall death rate was 4.7% (59 cases) .The causes of death were septicemia (30 cases),shock (17),cerebral edema and hernia(4),acute renal failure(4),severe burn wound scepsis(2),and complications resulting ftom severe inhalation injuries(2).The burned children were characterized by the following:1. Children made up 26.9% of all the burn patients admitted during the above-mentioned period.2. 64.06% of the children were younger than 5 years of age.3. Most injuries (64.46%) occurred in the hot season (foom May to September).4. 96% of the children were injured indoorly.5. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1.6. Scalding was the main cause of the barn injuries in those younger than 5 years of age,and it accounted for 81.76% of all the injuries.Since the death rate of burn patients is closely related to the extent of the burned area,a"1-3-5"category method for children burn cases is suggested as follows:1. Mild burns:The affected area is less than 10% TBSA.2. Moderate burns:The affected area is between 11～30% TBSA.3. Severe burns:The affected area is between 31～50% TBSA.4. Extreme severe burns:The affected area is more than 50% TBSA.