Based on a survey of community health service organization in several cities, community health service model based on the family clinic was compared with state-owned community health service model, and status quo, advantages and problems of family community health service organization were analyzed. Furthermore, policies for the management of community health service organization based on the family clinic were put forward.
China ; Community Health Services/*methods ; Community Health Services/*organization & administration ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration ; Hospitals, Community/*organization & administration

ObjectiveTo display the hot research points in stroke awareness, emergency treatment and evolution. Methods Papers on stroke awareness and emergency treatment were retrieved from Web of Science.Their knowledge atlas was plotted by key word frequency analysis and co-word analysis.Results The number of papers on stroke awareness and emergency treatment has been increasing year by year, and stroke awareness and emergency treat-ment have been concerned more and more since 1996 , indicating that the situation is still severe in stroke aware-ness and emergency treatment and no breakthrough has been made in this field.ConclusionStress should be laid on acute ischemic stroke, especially tPA, in study of stroke awareness and emergency treatment Research should be transformed into combined prevention and control from treatment .

Objective To study the effect of the tissue components purified from earthworm on the thioredoxin system and its pharmcological mechanism. MethodsAcetate buffer purified the tissue components from the earthworm. The catalyzing activity of the thioredoxin reductases was dynamically measured on the 340nm wavelengthby the NADPH, an indicator by means of the reaction between the tissue components and thioredoxin system. ResultsThe absorbency of the NADPH was almost unchanged in the process of the reaction between the purified tissue components of earthworm and the thioredoxin reductase. On the contrary, the solvent to purify earthworm liquid and the clear liquid from boiled purified earthworm liquid had not above mentioned function. ConclusionsThere are some kinds of proteins in the tissue components of the earthworm, which could inhibit the activity of the thioredoxin reductase.

Purpose　The source of earthworm toxin, its ingredients and the methods to take it off were studied.Methods　The irritable secretor was dialyzed, and then examined by UV-Vis spectrum instrument.The proteins was analyzed with electrophoresis. The toxicity was tested in vivo.Results　The proteins of irritable secretor 0.242mg/kg iv cause a mouse to death.Many bands were separated from the proteins with SDS-PAGE， among which two kinds were the principal. Even with different stimulus the secretor of earthworm was identical in ingredients.Conclusion　The results demonstrated that the earthworm proteins of irritable secretion had toxicity and the toxin could be removed from earthworm by adding NaCl or 40V electricity.

To get information in the sexual and contraceptive behaviors in Chinese female college students, a randomized cluster sampling was conducted in colleges and universities in Wuhan Area, China, in terms of types of colleges, subjects (literature, sciences, medicines, art etc), and grades etc. A total number of 2450 questionnaires were distributed, with 2365 questionnaires returned being valid. The return rate of valid questionnaires was 96.6%. The questionnaire investigation was conducted on a multiple-choice and anonymous basis. Data were input into computer and SPSS12.0 software package was employed for statistical analysis. Among the female students, 1196 had the experiences of hugging and kissing (50.57%) and 423 (17.89%) had sexual experiences (sexual intercourse). The first sexual intercourse took place at the age of 19.23+/-1.74 y. There were significant differences in the sexual experiences among the majors of different subjects, with the rate of sexual experiences in art majors (43.17%) and high-grade students (34.31%) being the highest. The causes of the first sexual intercourse included sexual impulse, curiosity, intention to strengthen the relationship or to show loyalty to boyfriend and sometimes violence. While the motives of the sexual intercourse within the past one year before the investigation were to satisfy the sexual needs and to strengthen the relation with their boyfriends. With both first intercourse and sexual experiences within last one year, the partners of the sexual intercourse were mainly their boyfriends (95.7% and 97.3% respectively), but the partners also included acquaintances, "one night stand" partners and customers of sex trade. Some of them had multiple sexual partners, with the highest number of the sexual partners being 11. In the first sexual intercourse of the subjects, 44.0 % of them did not take any contraceptive measures; only 16.4% of them used condoms. In the sexual intercourse within the last one year, only 44.6% took contraceptive measures every time they had sexual intercourse. Among those who took contraceptive measures, 64.4% used condoms. Among those who had sexual intercourse, 101 persons got pregnant, with a rate of pregnancy being 4.3%, accounting for 23.9% of all who had sexual intercourse. Among those who got pregnant, 78 persons got pregnant once; the others became pregnant more than two times, the highest being 5 times. There were 122 persons who had inflammation of reproductive system, mostly vaginitis. Other conditions included venereal warts and herpes genitalis. It is concluded that the rate of sexual behaviors is high in female college students and there exist promiscuity, unexpected pregnancy and transmission of STD in the students.

Objective:To analyze the system of first contact in community health institutions for migrant workers in Shenzhen city with the stakeholder theory. Methods:The report forms of the Social Insurance Fund Administration Bureau and the health bureau of Shenzhen city were used to analyze. All stakeholders of this policy were interviewed. Results:The system of first contact in community health institutions was good for all stakeholders. The number of in-sured migrant workers grew steadily, the business volume of community health service centers increased significantly, and the fund ran smoothly. Conclusions:The effects of the system of first contact in community health institutions for migrant workers in Shenzhen city were obvious. All the stakeholders felt satisfied with the policy.

Based on a survey of community health service organization in several cities, community health service model based on the family clinic was compared with state-owned community health service model, and status quo, advantages and problems of family community health service organization were analyzed. Furthermore, policies for the management of community health service organization based on the family clinic were put forward.
China ; Community Health Services ; methods ; organization & administration ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; organization & administration ; Hospitals, Community ; organization & administration ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of phVEGF165 transfer on vascular remodelling after balloon injury and its possible mechanisms.

METHODS90 New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: group I (balloon injury group), group II (pAdtrackCMV group) and group III (pAdtrackCMV-VEGF165 group). All animals were given hypercholesterol diet for 7 days before experiment and continued to receive hypercholesterol diet until being killed. Each group was further divided into five subgroups according to the sacrifice time (3 days, 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after transfection). Blood samples and arteries were harvested for further analysis.

RESULTSAt the end of 2 weeks, areas of neointima plus media of group III were smaller than those of group I and II (P < 0.05). The areas under external elastic membrane were larger in group III at 4 weeks and lumen stenosis rates were significantly lower than group I and II (P < 0.05 or 0.01). In group III, VEGF165, metalloproteinases (MMPs) -1, -2, -9 and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) 1, 2 could be detected from 3 days after gene transfer and reached the highest level at 2 weeks time and could not be detected by 8 weeks time. In groups I and II, MMP-2 and TIMP-1, -2 could be detected during the whole procedure and the value of TIMP1/MMP1 was significantly higher than in group III (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONRemodelling is the main reason for restenosis (RS) after vascular balloon injury. Local pAdtrackCMV-VEGF165 transfer can specifically change the expression of MMPs and facilitate the positive remodelling process, hence, inhibiting restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Lymphokines ; genetics ; physiology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

To get information in the sexual and contraceptive behaviors in Chinese female college students, a randomized cluster sampling was conducted in colleges and universities in Wuhan Area,China, in terms of types of colleges, subjects (literature, sciences, medicines, art etc), and grades etc.A total number of 2450 questionnaires were distributed, with 2365 questionnaires returned being valid. The return rate of valid questionnaires was 96.6%. The questionnaire investigation was conducted on a multiple-choice and anonymous basis. Data were input into computer and SPSS12.0software package was employed for statistical analysis. Among the female students, 1196 had the experiences of hugging and kissing (50.57%) and 423 (17.89%) had sexual experiences (sexual intercourse). The first sexual intercourse took place at the age of 19.23±1.74 y. There were significant differences in the sexual experiences among the majors of different subjects, with the rate of sexual experiences in art majors (43.17%) and high-grade students (34.31%) being the highest. The causes of the first sexual intercourse included sexual impulse, curiosity, intention to strengthen the relationship or to show loyalty to boyfriend and sometimes violence. While the motives of the sexual intercourse within the past one year before the investigation were to satisfy the sexual needs and to strengthen the relation with their boyfriends. With both first intercourse and sexual experiences within last one year,the partners of the sexual intercourse were mainly their boyfriends (95.7% and 97.3% respectively),but the partners also included acquaintances, "one night stand" partners and customers of sex trade.Some of them had multiple sexual partners, with the highest number of the sexual partners being 11.In the first sexual intercourse of the subjects, 44.0% of them did not take any contraceptive measures;only 16.4 % of them used condoms. In the sexual intercourse within the last one year, only 44.6%took contraceptive measures every time they had sexual intercourse. Among those who took contraceptive measures, 64.4% used condoms. Among those who had sexual intercourse, 101 persons got pregnant, with a rate of pregnancy being 4.3%, accounting for 23.9 % of all who had sexual intercourse. Among those who got pregnant, 78 persons got pregnant once; the others became pregnant more than two times, the highest being 5 times. There were 122 persons who had inflammation of reproductive system, mostly vaginitis. Other conditions included venereal warts and herpes genitalis. It is concluded that the rate of sexual behaviors is high in female college students and there exist promiscuity, unexpected pregnancy and transmission of STD in the students.

Objective: To investigate the different pattern of neck lymph node metastasis, the choice of surgical methods and prognosis in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 157 patients with early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the pattern of lymph node metastasis, to determine the best surgical procedure and to analyze the prognosis. Results: The occurrence of cervical lymph node metastasis rate was 31%(48/157). Neck lymphatic metastasis was significantly related to tumor size (P=0.026) and histology differentiation type (P=0.022). The rate of metastasis was highest in level Ⅱ [33% (16/48)]. In level Ⅳ, the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 5%(7/157), and there was no skip metastases. The possibility of level Ⅳ metastasis was higher, when level Ⅱ (P=0.000) or Ⅲ (P=0.000) involved. The differentiation tumor recurrence, neck lymphatic metastasis and adjuvant radiotherapy were prognostic factors (P<0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed histology differentiation type, neck lymphatic metastases and adjuvant radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Neck lymphatic metastasis rate is high in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma, simultaneous glossectomy and neck dissection should be performed. Level Ⅳ metastasis rate is extremely low, so supraomohyoid neck dissection is sufficient for most of the time. The histology differentiation type, neck lymphatic metastasis and adjuvant radiotherapy are independent prognostic factors.