Objective:To explore the effect of subpressure on the bonding strength of resin to polycrystalline particulates modified zirconia ceramic.Methods:One hundred and twenty pre-sintered zirconia discs were prepared and divided into the control group, the sandblasting group and the 30, 50, 70 s acid etching group (24 per group) by the random number table method. There was no additional treatment in the control group and sandblasting group before sinering. The 30, 50, and 70 s acid etching groups were immersed in HF for 30, 50, 70 s, respectively, and then they were placed into CaCl 2 solution for 90 s and dipped in NaOH solution at 80 ℃ for 2 h. After sintering, the sandblasting group was subjected to sandblasting. The surface tomography and roughness were tested. According to whether subpressure was applied or not after the adhesives were applied, each group was randomly divided into two subgroups with a random number table: a subpressure subgroup and a normal pressure subgroup (12 per subgroup). Resin columns were bonded to these specimens. Shear bonding strength (SBS) test was conducted and the bonding interface, fracture surface and failure mode were analyzed. Results:The surface of control group was smooth, and its roughness was (0.24±0.11) μm. The rough surface was formed after sandblasting in the sandblasting group, and its roughness was (0.95±0.12) μm. The surface roughness of 30, 50, 70 s acid etching groups [(0.60±0.15), (1.04±0.11), (1.57±0.16) μm] increased as the HF immersion time prolonged, and the difference in surface roughness of zirconia specimens among each group was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The SBS values between zirconia and resin of all the subpressure subgroups, namely: the control group, the sandblasting group, and the 30, 50, 70 s acid etching group [(13.56±1.19), (20.98±2.11), (17.37±2.44), (24.19±2.97), (21.36±2.16) MPa] were significantly stronger than those in the normal pressure subgroups, namely: the control group, sandblasting group, 30, 50, 70 s acid etching group [(10.74±0.93), (18.47±2.14), (14.81±1.54), (20.74±2.56), (17.75±2.54) MPa] ( P<0.05). No obvious gaps and bubbles were observed in the bonding interfaces in subpressure subgroups. The proportion of mixed failure was significantly increased after applying subpressure ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The subpressure can effectively enhance the bonding strength between the resin and polycrystalline particulates modified zirconia ceramic and improve the bonding effect.