1. Micro-hardness distribution of proximal tibia in human skeleton
Jianzhao WANG ; Bing YIN ; Sheng LI ; Guobin LIU ; Xiaojuan ZHANG ; Zusheng HU ; Weiwei WU ; Yingze ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics 2019;39(19):1208-1214
Objective:
To investigate the microhardness distribution of cancellous bone in the proximal tibia and its clinical significance.
Methods:
Three fresh tibias were obtained and examined by X-ray and CT to exclude skeletal pathologies, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis. According to the Heim's square, the proximal tibias were cut off. Each of the proximal tibias was divided into three parts, the medial condyle, the intercondylar area and the lateral condyle. Each part was divided into three sections, proximal, middle and distal sections. Each of the proximal tibias was divided into 9 regions. Bone specimens with a thickness of 3 mm were taken from each region using a high precision low-speed saw and fixed on flat sheets. The microhardness of the bone tissue was measured using a Vickers microhardness tester after polish. Ten effective micro-indentation tests were conducted in each region. After measurement the diagonal length of the indentations, the microhardness values were calculated via software provided by the hardness tester. Analysis of variance and Tukey method were used to compare the microhardness values of different parts, sections and regions of cancellous bone. The microhardness distribution of the proximal tibia was analyzed.
Results:
A total of 270 effective indentations were made in the specimens, and the microhardness values were obtained. The average microhardness of the three proximal tibias was 40.98±3.44, 34.92±4.64 and 39.49±3.86 HV, respectively. There was a significant difference among the groups (
2. Distribution characteristics and clinical significance of clavicle microindentation hardness
Xiaojuan ZHANG ; Jianzhao WANG ; Bing YIN ; Sheng LI ; Guobin LIU ; Zusheng HU ; Weiwei WU ; Yingze ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2019;35(9):811-816
Objective:
To investigate the distribution characteristics and significance of bone hardness in different segments and layers of clavicle.
Methods:
The right clavicles of three fresh Chinese corpses were taken and then divided into proximal, middle and distal segments according to Allman's classification. The clavicles were cut with diamond saw in the vertical of long axis equidistant exactly into 15 layers (proximal: 3 layers; midshaft: 7 layers; distal: 5 layers), and each layer was divided into four directions: superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior. The bone hardness were measured by Vickers microindentation, HV(kgf/mm2). The distribution of bone hardness was recorded and analyzed.
Results:
A total of 180 parts of cortical bone were measured, generating 900 measurements. Meanwhile, a total of 45 parts of cancellous bone were measured, generating 225 measurements. We found that: (1)The average hardness of cortical bone was (35.9±8.1)HV, and the midshaft segment [(41.3±6.8)HV] was harder than the proximal segment [(33.8±6.1)HV] and the distal segment [(29.7±5.4)HV](