Objective To compare two assay methods, namely immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), in the detection of Her-2/neu status in mammary cancer tissues. Methods In 20 samples IHC technique was applied to detect the Her-2 protein in the cytomembrane of mammary cancer, and FISH was used to assess the amplification of Her-2/neu gene, and SPSS 10.0 software was employed to analyze the relationship between the two methods. Results The coincident rate of two methods was 85%, therefore there was a significant positive correlation between the two techniques (?~2=80.00, P=0.00). Conclusion The two assay methods, IHC and FISH showed a good coincidence in the detection of Her-2/neu status in mammary cancer tissues.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe respiratory condition that is characterized by rapidly progressive hypoxemia with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.Despite the improvement of therapeutic methods,the mortality of ARDS is in the range of 40％-50％ all over the world.Some studies have shown that a significant number of patients with ARDS had acute cor pulmonale (ACP),and ACP is independently associated with the mortality of patients with ARDS,which has attracted wide attention in recent years.This paper reviewed recent related studies,summarized the prevalence,pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches of ACP in ARDS,especially echocardiography which was considered as a cornerstone for ACP diagnosis,and elucidated the beneficial effects of right ventricular protective ventilatory strategy and prone-positioning on the pulmonary vasculature and right heart,in order to provide a novel idea for the therapy of ACP in ARDS.

Objective To study the effects of electrical stimulation of efferent vagus nerve on the endotoxic shock in rabbits. Method Sixteen Newzealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely group S as the stimulation group and group C as the control group). Rabbits were subjected to bilateral cervical vagotomy and had challenge with intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (E. COLI O111: B4 , DIFCO, USA) in a dose of 600 μg/kg. The distal end of the left vagus nerve trunk was connected to an electric stimulator with bipolar electrode and controlled by an acquisition system. Stimuli with stable voltage (10 V,5 Hz,5 ms) were applied twice to the nerve for 10 minutes just before and after the administration of LPS in group S. At the time before and after the infusion of LPS 30 min,60 min, 120 min, 180 min,240 min and 300 min respectively, the heart rate(HR)and the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in each animal were recorded, and blood samples were taken for measuring serum tumor necrosis factor-αa(TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Results Compared with group C,the electrical stimulation of efferent vagus nerve could significantly attenuated the LPS-induced hypotension and de-creased the contents of TNF-α[(38.12±7.85) pg/mL vs. (55.12±7.89) pg/mL, P <0.01], but increased the contents of IL-10[(55.12±9.37)pg/mL vs. (40.15±5.44) pg/mL, P <0.01]afar LPS challenge. Conclusions The stimulation of the efferent vagus nerve can down-regulate systemic TNF-α, production and attenu-ate the development of shock after LPS challenge.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of postoperatively prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after liver transplantation.Method The clinical data of 117 patients who received liver transplantation were retrospectively reviewed.According to the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation (＜24 h or ≥24 h),the patients were divided into two groups.Commonly-used clinical and lab indexes before,during and after operations were analyzed by using single variance logistic regression analysis,and the screened indexes were analyzed by stepwise multiple variance logistic regression analysis.Result Forty-two patients (35.9％) were diagnosed with PMV after liver transplantation.The intensive care unit stay in the control group was (1.60 ± 1.17) days,shorter than in PMV proup (9.35 ± 10.61days).Sixty indexes were analyzed by univarite logistic regression,and 49 indexes showed statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.2).Multiple variance logistic regression analysis revealed that the levels of preoperative blood glucose,model for end-stage liver disease score (MELD),the blood loss volume during the operation and the levels of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase within 24 h after the operation showed significant difference.Conclusion Preoperative hyperglycemia,high MELD score,excessive intraoperative blood loss volume and the high level of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase after the operation are independent risk factors of PMV.

Objective To establish method for the fingerprint of Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae using UFLC with the hierarchical cluster analysis.Methods Column:Shimadzu C18(3.0 mm?75 mm,1.7 ?m);mobile phase:Acetonitrile-0.4% phosphorylation(5.5∶94.5);flow rate:0.8 mL/min;detection wavelength:240 nm;temperature:40 ℃.Results This method had a good linearity in the range of 0.154 8—1.858 mg/mL,and the average recovery was 102.09% with RSD of 1.68% for swertiamarin.It had a good linearity in the range of 0.322—5.152 mg/mL,and the average recovery was 103.80% with RSD of 1.11% for gentiopicroside.The RSD of precision and reproducibility were lower than 2.1%.The result of fingerprint studying was the same with the hierarchical cluster analysis.Conclusion This method can be used as standardized implantation and quality control of Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae.

AIM To study the effect of neferine on intracellular adriamycin(ADM) accumulation in MCF-7/Adr cell line. METHODS The cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT assay. The intracellular ADM concentration was assayed by HPLC. RESULTS Neferine(Nef) decreased the IC 50 of ADM to MCF-7/Adr cells but increased the intracellular concentration of ADM. CONCLUSION The mechanism of the MDR reversal effect of Nef is associated with the increase of the intracellular accumulation of anticancer drug.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Streptocuccus pneumoniae urinary antigen test (SpUAT) in patients with community acquired Streptocuccus pneumoniae pneumoniae (SPP). Methods The clinical studies relating SpUAT diagnostic accuracy for community acquired Streptocuccus pneumoniae infection were searched via computer and manual screening of Chinese databases including China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc, China Technical Journal Full-text Database, and Wanfang Database as well as English databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, Elsevier Science, Ovid Technologies, and Springer. Data were extracted according to appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria and analyzed with Meta-disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 software. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio as well as diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated, and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was plotted and area under SROC (AUC) was calculated to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of SpUAT for adult community acquired SPP. Results A total of 15 studies enrolling 6 866 patients were included, all of which with a quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS) score not lower than 10, indicating a high study quality. Random effect model was applied owing to non-threshold effect associated heterogeneity. It was shown by Meta analysis that compared with routine pathogen diagnosis (hemoculture, sputum smears, sputum culture and trachea and bronchus attractive culture), the pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio, and pooled negative likelihood ratio was 73% [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 71%-76%,] 91% (95%CI = 90%-92%), 6.97 (95%CI = 4.13-11.77), and 0.30 (95%CI = 0.26-0.34), respectively, pooled DOR was 24.34 (95%CI = 13.14-45.11), and AUC of SROC was 0.8051±0.0362. It was indicated by heterogeneity test that experiment design (prospective or retrospective), sample sizes (lower than 200 or higher than or equal to 200), reference test (fewer than 3 or more than or equal to 3 test methods), or literature language (Hispanic or non-Hispanic) had no effect on study heterogeneity, indicating certain other unknown factors may be involved. Funnel plot suggested that 15 involved studies uniformly distributed along the two sides of regression line, indicating no publication bias. Conclusions The use of SpUAT for the diagnosis of adult community acquired SPP has a moderate sensitivity and high specificity. Although the overall accuracy of SpUAT diagnosis is relatively high, there is significant heterogeneity among the studies, so more high-quality studies are needed.

Objective To discuss the teaching effects of PBL teaching approach applied in clinical practice of medical oncology.Methods Throush clinical practice of medical onclolgy with the PBL teaching approach and the traditional one.A contrast between two teaching modes was made.And the teaching results were investigated based on the questionaic.Results The PBL teaching approach is superior to the traditional one.Conclusion The PBL teaching approach has an obvious advantage in the teaching of clinical practice of medical oncology and can improve the teaching quality

Objective:To construct suitable vectors for the secretory expression of hirudin in Pichia pastoris.Methods:The α-facor-hirudin gene was amplified from pPIC9-hirudin by PCR and sub-cloned into PA0815.The multi-copy recombinant plasmid pA0815-(α-Hirudin)n was constructed.The recombinant was transformed into P.pastoris strain GS115 for induction expression and then the activity of secreted products was identified.Results:A new multi-copy vector pA0815-(αHirudin)n was successfully constructed and was capable of secreting recombinant hirudin efficiently,which was confirmed respectively by PCR and SDS-PAGE.The products possessed the activity of thrombin inhibitor.Conclusion:This result offers efficient P.pastoris stains for mass production of biological active hirudin.

In industrial glutamate fermentation, intermitted feeding glucose with the help of off-line glucose measurement is generally necessary. This kind of feeding strategy could cause large variations in glucose concentration so that it is not favorable for the achievement of efficient and stable glutamate fermentation. Glutamate fermentation is characterized with typical non-growth association behavior, and during glutamate production phase glucose consumption is closely correlated with ammonia consumption. In this study, glucose concentration was controlled at various pre-determined levels by predicting glucose consumption amount and thus its concentration with the aid of on-line monitoring ammonia consumption. When glucose concentration was controlled around a lower level of 5 g/L~10 g/L, the final glutamate concentration could reach a relatively higher level of 80 g/L. In this way, the huge osmotic stress change due to the large glucose concentration variation with the intermitted feeding method could be avoided and the glutamate fermentation performance enhancement be expected.