Objective To explore the protective effect of uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods One hundred adult male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (20 each):sham operation group,saline control group,G_ 10 group,G_ 30 group and G_ 90 group.Ischemia was induced by intraluminal suture embolism of mesocephalic artery (MAO) of the rats in all the groups except sham operation group.UTP solution was delivered through an indwelling tail venous catheter via microinfusion pump 30min after the occlusion of mesocephalic artery at a rate of 5ml/(kg?min),and rats in G_ 10,G_ 30 and G_ 90 group received 10,30 and 90?g/kg UTP,respectively.Rats in sham group and saline control group received normal saline.The total fluid volume was the same,1ml/kg,in all groups.Neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined 24h after reperfusion.Eight SD rats were then randomly selected from each group,and water content of cerebral hemispheres was measured.Two rats from each of sham operation group,saline control group and G_ 90 group were selected for studying the ultrastructure of brain tissue by electron microscopy.Infarct volume was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining with another 10 rats in each group.Results The protective effect of UTP was determined on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats,and in G_ 90 group showed the most significant protective effect.For the rats in saline group and G_ 90 group,NDS score was 0.7 and 1.8 (P

Knee osteoarthritis has become one of the common diseases of the elderly,total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is the most effective treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis at present.In TKA,the effective restoration of the lower extremity alignment is one of the key factors for the success of the operation,which greatly affects the postoperative clinical effect and prosthesis survival rate of patients.Mechanical alignment is a TKA alignment method which is first proposed,recognized and widely used in TKA.In recent years,with the in-depth research on the lower limb alignment and the rapid development of com-puter technology,the alignment technology in TKA has realized the transformation from"unified"to"individualized",two-di-mensional to three-dimensional.New alignment methods,such as adjusted mechanical alignment,anatomic alignment,kine-matic alignment,inverse kinematic alignment,restricted kinematic alignment and functional alignment have been proposed to provide surgeons with more choices.However,there is no conclusion on which alignment method is the best choice.This paper summarizes the current research status,advantages and disadvantages of various alignment methods in TKA,and aims to pro-vide some reference for the selection of alignment methods in TKA.