Objective To investigate the effect of local injection of Botulinum toxin type A(BTXA) on spasticity and function of the affected upper limb in stroke patients.Methods A total of 32 stroke patients were re- cruited and randomly divided into two groups:a BTXA group and a control group.All the patients had spasticity of upper limb muscles,which scored grade 2 to 3 with the Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS) ,and decreased elbow joint range of motion.The 16 patients in the BTXA group received BTXA injection in the biceps brachii muscles and flexor muscles of forearm on 10～15 points,while those in the control group did not.All the patients in both groups were treated with rehabilitation training techniques.The MAS,Fugl-Meyer upper limb function assessment and Barthel In- dex were employed to evaluate the changes of muscle tone,upper limb function and activity of living (ADL)perform- ance of the patients before injection and at 1st,2nd,6th 12th weeks after injection.Results The therapeutic effect between the BTXA group anti control group was significantly different in terms of biceps muscle tone,the scores of Fugl-Meyer upper limb function assessment and Barthel Index.Compared with preinjection,muscle tone was de- creased significantly and ADL performance was improved after injection in BTXA group.The effects of BTXA lasted more than 12 weeks.Conclusion Intramuscular muhipoint injection of BTXA was useful in reducing muscle spas- ticity,and was helpful for increasing motor ability of the affected upper limb and ADL performance of the stroke pa- tients.

0.05);however there were significant difference between D4T+DDI+NVP group and AZT+DDI+NVP group(P

Objective To investigate the association between the chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis and HLA-DRB1 * 1301,1302 gene. Methods HLA-DRB1* 1301,1302 allele in 27 patients with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis and 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B was analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP) technique. Results The frenquency of HLA-DRB1 * 1301,1302 allele in the chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis group was markly higher than that in the chronic hepatitis B group. Conclusion HLA-DRB1 * 1301,1302 is closely associated with the suseptibility to chronic hepatitis cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate effect of connective tissue growth factors (CTGF) on secretion of extracellular matrix synthesis of meniscal fibrochondrocytes, expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), and angiogenesis during the repair of meniscal tearing damage.

METHODSMeniscal fibrochondrocytes were isolated from the inner--1/2 of rabbits' meniscus by collagenase enzymatic digestion, centrifugal separation, and treated with 100 ng/ml CTGF in vitro. Characterization of fibrochondrocytes was identified by flow cytometry analysising CD31, CD44, CD45 and CD105, and was further tested by type II collagen immunocytochemistry. Changes in gene expression of meniscal fibrochondrocytes were monitored by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro, the sections of the 3 mm of the longitudinal teared in the middle of the rabbit's meniscus, and then the defects were dealed with simple suture, suture and implanting with PBS-fibrin glue, sutured and implanting with 1.5 microg CTGF respectively. Expression and distribution of type I and II collagen and VEGF, the tearing healing were observed by fluorescence-immunohistochemisty analysis on the 1st week, the 4th week and the 10th week.

RESULTSQuantitative RT-PCR assays showed that type I and type II collagen,and VEGF mRNA expression in the 100 ng/ml CTGF group had been remarkably enhanced than in the PBS group on the 14th day. Consistent with these effects in vitro, fluorescence-immunohistochemical analysis revealed that in the group implanted with CTGF-fibrin glue, type I collagen, type I collagen and capillaries completely filled the defect on the 10th week postoperatively. In contrast, only soft tissue repair occurred after the PBS-fibrin glue was implanted.

CONCLUSIONCTGF can significantly promote extracellular matrix (I collagen, II collagen) of the meniscal avascular zone synthesis, and CTGF can greatly heighten the expression of VEGF activity at the same time in vitro, so that it can further enhance the repair of meniscal tearing damage in the avascular zone.

Animals ; Collagen Type I ; genetics ; Collagen Type II ; genetics ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; therapeutic use ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; surgery ; Rabbits ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo establish a mathematical model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and develop a working theory for antiviral therapy in order to understand the dynamics of HCV replication.

METHODSPeripheral blood cells of 4 hepatitis C patients were cultured. Quantities of the HCV were detected every 15 min by real-time PCR. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. A mathematical functional relationship between HCV RNA and the time lapse was established.

RESULTSThe quantity of HCV RNA declined and it fell into a mathematical model: Y=3E+0.8e(-0.5467x) (r=0.9547). The estimated virion half-life was 45 min on the average.

CONCLUSIONSThe decline of HCV RNA in the blood is not of a linear trend and the HCV RNA lasts a longer time although the speed of the decline is faster than that in vivo.

Adult ; Half-Life ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; blood ; virology ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication

Objective To explore the plague epidemical trend of nearly a 10 years data in Qinghai province to provide basis for making the prevention and control measures. Method The regional distribution and time distribution of animal and human plague, monitoring and plague foci of survey data in Qinghai from 2001 to 2010 were analyzed with Excel software 2003. Results In Qinghai province, a total of 167 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from infected animals and insects in 10 years. Yersinia pestis was mainly distributed in Wulan,Delinha, Geermu, and Tianjun, along the Qinghai-Xizang railway. Human plague was occurred every year from 2001 to 2010 except 2002, 2007, 2008, and 2010. In the 10 years, there were 37 plague cases and 16 of these cases died, the mortality was 43.24％. The plague cases were mainly distributed in Nangqian, Qumalai, Chenduo,Zhiduo, Xinghai, Tongde, Tianjun, Wulan and Qilian. And these cases were found mostly in the period from May to October, especially in the period from August to October. Major clinical type of the plague cases was lung-type (62.16％,23/37). Conclusions The plague epidemic situation in Qinghai province is still severe, animal plague occurred year after year, and human plague outbreaks occasionally. Monitoring and early warning in the key areas should be strengthened, and the comprehensive measures of plague prevention and control should be carried out to reduce the incidence and prevalence of plague.

Objective:To investigate effect of connective tissue growth factors (CTGF) on secretion of extracellular matrix synthesis of meniscal fibrochondrocytes,expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF),and angiogenesis during the repair of meniscal tearing damage. Methods:Meniscal fibrochondrocytes were isolated from the inner-1/2 of rabbits'meniscus by collagenase enzymatic digestion,centrifugal separation,and treated with 100 ng/ml CTGF in vitro. Characteriza-tion of fibrochondrocytes was identified by flow cytometry analysising CD31 ,CD44,CD45 and CD105,and was further tested by typeⅡcollagen immunocytochemistry. Changes in gene expression of meniscal fibrochondrocytes were monitored by quanti-tative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro ,the sections of the 3 mm of the longitudinal teared in the middle of the rab-bit's meniscus,and then the defects were dealed with simple suture,suture and implanting with PBS-fibrin glue,sutured and implanting with 1.5μg CTGF respectively. Expression and distribution of typeⅠandⅡcollagen and VEGF,the tearing healing were observed by fluorescence-immunohistochemisty analysis on the 1st week ,the 4th week and the 10th week. Results:Quantitative RT-PCR assays showed that typeⅠand typeⅡcollagen,and VEGF mRNA expression in the 100 ng/ml CTGF group had been remarkably enhanced than in the PBS group on the 14th day. Consistent with these effects in vitro ,fluores-cence-immunohistochemical analysis revealed that in the group implanted with CTGF-fibrin glue ,typeⅠcollagen,typeⅡcol-lagen and capillaries completely filled the defect on the 10th week postoperatively. In contrast ,only soft tissue repair occurred after the PBS-fibrin glue was implanted. Conclusion:CTGF can significantly promote extracellular matrix (Ⅰcollagen,Ⅱcol-lagen) of the meniscal avascular zone synthesis,and CTGF can greatly heighten the expression of VEGF activity at the same time in vitro,so that it can further enhance the repair of meniscal tearing damage in the avascular zone.

OBJECTIVETo monitor and analyze the arthroplasty related infection situations of Drum Tower Hospital, so as to provide evidences for the prevention of infection after arthroplasty.

METHODSMonitoring of infection situations of nine arthroplasty operations were carried out from July to August in 2008. Five sampling methods were used to monitor the air of the 30 m2 surgery for 4 times. Through the cotton swab sampling, hands of 14 surgeons and 76 samples of surgical instruments (forceps, surgical scissors, retractors) were collected and then for bacterial culture.

RESULTSThe average amount of the total number of free-floating bacteria in our surgery was 88.2 cfu/m3. For the germiculture, 8 samples of hand detections were positive; 11 samples of surgical instruments including those used and unused and exposed at different times were positive.

CONCLUSIONIn the surgery of arthroplasty, all operation personnels should protect the air cleanliness degree, obey the surgical hand-washing rules and diminish the exposed time of aseptic table.

Aged ; Air Microbiology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; adverse effects ; Bacterial Infections ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; Equipment Contamination ; Female ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVEThe long-term biological effects of HA-coated prostheses remain uncertain. The purpose of the study is to analyze the reasons of coating shedding of uncemented hip prothesis, so as to provide evidences for the preventions and treatment.

METHODSFrom 2002.10 to 2009.2, 5 patients with coating shedding of uncemented hip prosthesis were treated with kip revision operation. Among the patients, 3 patients were male and 2 patients were female, ranging in age from 55 to 68 years. The hip prosthesis were taken out in the operation and the cause of coating shedding was analyzed. Another ten normal prosthesis taken out from the revision operation were used as the control group. The histomorphology and microarchitecture of hip prosthesis were observed. The micrometer caliper and vickers hardness test were used to measure the thickness and hardness. The interface shearing force was measured by push-out test. The function of hip joint was evaluated by Harris score.

RESULTSThere were difference between control and experience groups in his tomorphology observation. In the 2 patients with HA-coated shedding, the thickness of coating were 112 microm and 138 microm respectively; Vickers hardness were 5,843 Hv and 4,524 Hv respectively; and the shear strength were 12.4 MPa and 11.6 MPa respectively. In the 3 patients with Ti-coated shedding, the Harris scores were 82, 88 and 87 respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere are many reasons of coating shedding of uncemented hip prosthesis. But most reasons have relationship with the quality of hip prosthesis. Nowadays, there are many methods to enhance the binding strength between the coating and prosthesis, and to prevent the early coating shedding.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Durapatite ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Design

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key cytokine in immunology system and is related to many human diseases. In order to inhibit the activity of TNF, cDNA coding for soluble TNF receptor II (sTNFRII) and human IgG Fc were linked using a flexible hinge. This gene was expressed in E. coli as a chimeric protein and purified by metal chelate chromatography. The results show that the fusion protein exists in the physiological form as a dimer, has the ability to bind with TNF and inhibits the cytotoxicity of TNF on L929 cells. Contrasting to monomer sTNFRII, the chimeric protein has an improved bioactivity, and displays potential prospects for research and application.
Antigens, CD ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; methods ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism