Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Methods Effect of TA with different concentraion (0.4, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.025 mg/ml) on the proliferation of RPE cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolial (MTT) assay; The changes of cellular cycle treated by TA with the drug concentration of IC(50) for 72 hours were measured by flow cytometry (FCM) ananlysis, and the morphological and ultrastructural changes of the cells were observed by phase-contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Results With the concentration of 0.4-0.025 mg/ml, TA inhibited the growth of RPE cells obviously in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control (P

0.05).In 28 days before and after treatment,there was significant difference in H-B grade between two groups (P

Objective To summarize the clinical experience in repair of aortic arch obstruction associated with intracardiac anomalies in children retrospectively.Methods From March 2010 to March 2014,73 children diagnosed as coarctation of the aorta (CoA,n =68),interrupted aortic arch (IAA,n =3),and double aortic arch with CoA (n =2) underwent surgical management.Six of them were complicated with complex intracardiac anmalies,including tetralogy of Fallot (TOF,n =2),transposition of great arteries (TGA,n =1),total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC,n =1),double outlet of right ventricle (DORV,n =1),and Shone's syndrome (n =1) ; the rest 67 patients were associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and other simple anomalies.Twenty eight cases had hypoplasia of the aortic arch.All the patients had one-stage repair except for one.The aortic arch reconstruction was end to end anastomosis between the descending aorta and the arch in 42 patients,end to side anastomosis in 22,and the aortic arch were enlarged using autologous pulmonary artery patch in 9.The associated intracardiac anomalies were repaired in the same stage.Results There were 2 deaths.The operative mortality was 2.7％.Renal failure was occurred in 2 cases who were cured afterwards by peritoneal dialysis.All survivors were followed up for 3 ～ 36 months,anastomotic restenosis was found in 1 case who underwent reoperation 14 months after the first operation.No neurological complications were occurred.Conclusions One-stage complete correction of CoA and IAA with intracardiac anomalies through median sternotomy can achieve excellent short-and mid-term surgical results.

Organ transplantation is the effective method to replace the function of the patient failed organ. But it is very disappoint that recipients have to receive the long-term immunosuppression regimens for prevention of allograft rejection. To induce allograft immune tolerance without immunosuppressant is in great demand. Although several tolerance strategies for organ transplant have been proposed, even some has already been tested in the 1st clinical trial, these strategies haven ' t approached to ideal efficacy. Helminths are remarkably successful parasites to achieve immunological tolerance to host immune response. It is now well established that the parasites′ success is the result of active immunomodulation of their hosts ' immune response. We suggest that injecting B cells from donor spleen and helminth soluble antigens, recipient might become tolerance to donor organ, but not tolerated to other antigens. Research based on this approach has great translated value for future clinic practice.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Eczema ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans

Background Recurrence of pterygium is a common complication after the surgical excision of pterygium,and this procedure is related to cell proliferation,inflammation and neovascularization.Researches determined that rosiglitazone can suppress inflammation and neovaseularization and inhibit proliferation,hut few studies concerning the effect of rosiglitazone on pterygium were performed. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pterygium fibroblasts(HPFs)in culture and search for a new drug to prevent and cure the recurrence after pterygium surgery. Methods Human pterygium samples were obtained during surgery and HPFs were cultured and purified using an explant method and 0.25%trypsin digestion,respectively.The identity of cultured HPFs was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using anti-vimentin and keratin antibodies.Rosiglitazone with the concentrations of 0(control),5,10,25,50,75,100,150,200,400μmol/L was then added in the culture medium for 12,24 or 72 hours.1%DMSO was used as blank control.The MTT method was used to assay the biologic effects of rosiglitazone on HPFs.Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of HPFs after rosiglitazone treatment were studied by flow cytometic analysis.The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)mRNA in HPFs was detected by real-time PCR. Result Cultured HPFs radially migrated outward from the pterygium block,and then grew in long fusiform shape,showing positive response for vimentin and negative for keratin.The HPFs became round and thin with loose distribution after the addition of rosiglitazone.Following 25-125 μmol/L rosiglitazone administration for 12,48 or 72 hours,the A490 value of HPFs significantly declined with the increase of dosage(F=158.312,P=0.006)and lapse of time(F=1.924,P=0.135).Following the treatment of 25,75 or 125 μmol/L rosiglitazone for 24 hours,the number of HPFs in G0/G1 phase was markedly elevated;while the cell numbers in S phase decreased significantly in comparison with the control group(P＜0.05).The apoptotic rate of HPFs in the 25,75 and 125 μmol/L rosiglitazone groups significantly increased with the increase of rosiglitazone concentration(P＜0.05).Real-time PCR revealed that after 24 hours of rosiglitazone treatment,the expression of PCNA mRNA in HPFs was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner(F=3244.329,P＜0.05). Conclusion Rosiglitazone inhibits HPFs proliferation,arrests their cell cycle progression in G0/G1 phase,induces apoptosis of HPFs and depresses the synthesis of PCNA in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the impact of stable expression of perlecan shRNA lentiviral particles on proliferation of NIH3T3 cells. Methods Mouse fibroblasts were cultured.Lentiviral particles-green fluorescent protein (LV-GFP) was used to transfect the cultured NIH3T3 cells with multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10,30 and 50.The GFP expression was observed with fluorescence microscopy after transfection for one week to estimate the proper MOI and the time of GFP expression needed.The transfection efficiency of LV-GFP with the proper MOI by fluorescence-activated cell sorting was detected.The stably transfected cell lines were developed by puromycin screening for more than 2 weeks.The third generation HFF in good condition was randomly divided into 3 groups:GFP group,shRNA group and control group.RT-PCR,Western blot and MTT assays were used to detect the expressions of perlecan mRNA and protein and cell proliferation in the 3 groups. Results Perlecan mRNA and protein showed high expressions in the control and GFP groups but low expressions in the shRNA group,with significant differences respectively between the shRNA group and the other 2 groups ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between the 3 groups in the optical density at the first 2 days ( P ＞ 0.05).On 3 to 6 days the cells in the control and GFP groups grew normally while the cells in the shRNA group proliferated in a weak manner.the transfected cells in the shRNA group showed a significantly reduced proliferation rate compared with the other 2 groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion The growth of NIH3T3 cells can be inhibited significantly by transfection with perlecan shRNA lentiviral particles.

Objective To study the application of intensive reduction of blood pressure to the treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage in elderly patients. Method From January 2006 to December 2007, 40 elderly patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in a randomized and controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into intensive blood pressure reduction group and control group in equal number ( n = 20). The antihyper-tensive agent was used intravenously to reduce the systolic blood pressure to the level lower than 140 mmHg within 1 hour after treatment in patients of intensive blood pressure reduction group, and then the blood pressures was maintained for 7 days.The blood pressure of patients in control group was reduced to that just under 180 mmHg. The size of the haematoma was measured before and 3 days after treatment. The Stroke Scale set by the American National Institutes of Health (NHISS) was assessed before and 7 days and 28 days after treatment,separately. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the patients 90 days after treatment. The outcomes were statistically analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 software. Measurement data were analyzed with t -test while numeration data were analyzed with chi-square test. Results Before and 3 days after treatment, there was significant difference in size hematoma between two groups (P < 0.05) . Between before and 7 days after treatment, there was significant difference in NHISS scale in intensive blood pressure reduction group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in control group (P > 0.05). Before and 28 days after treatment, there was significant difference in variance of NHISS scale between two groups ( P < 0.05) . Nineth days after treatment, there was significant difference in mild disability and severe disability between two groups ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions Intensive reduction of blood pressure is valid for the treatment of elderly patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.

This study was aimed to optimize the vacuumextraction technology of alkaloids fromSophora alopecuroides. The orthogonal test and comprehensive evaluation were used to optimize the vacuumextraction technology. Contents of total alkali and oxymatrinewere used as index components for optimizing the effect of three factors, which were the adding amount of water, extraction time, and extraction frequency. Comparison was made among optimal conventional extraction process, decoction extraction and vacuumextraction. The results showed that the optimum extraction process was to add 12 times amount of water, and to extract for 3 times under the temperature of 60℃, 1h for each time. It was concluded that the optimized extraction vacuum technologyof alkaloids fromS. alopecuroidsdecompression total alkali content and oxymatrine process was better than that of optimal conventional extraction process and decoction extraction. The vacuumextraction technology was stable and practical.

106 ethmoidal specimens ranging from 12 to 40 weeks of embryonic age were cut into serial sections and observed by histological method. The results showed that the ethmoid sinus began its development at about 21-23 weeks of fetal life. The frontal folds or furrows were formed by extensions or evaginations of the nasal mucous membrane from the superior and lateral wall of the middle and superior nasal meatuses. The ethmoid cells appeared at 24-26 weeks and they kept their own small ostia that opened into the middle and superior nasal meatuses. The number and size of the ethmoid cells were increased with the age. The cell cavities showed balanced enlargement. At birth each ethmoid labyrinth had 6-11 cells, measuring on the average 1.7?1.3?2.0 mm~3 in size. The distribution of the ethmoid cells approached those of mature age. The epithelium of the ethmoid sinus was cuboidal or low columnar in shape. Cilia appeared sparse. Tunica propria, mainly composed of the connective tissue and its stroma, was thick, loose, and less vascular and glandular. It suggested that the ethmoid sinus was one of the accessory nasal sinuse that developed first. The ethmoid sinus presented at birth and its appreance were not synchronous, but their location were relatively invariable. The histological structure of the mucous membrane in the ethmoid sinus was somewhat different from those of the nasal mucous membrane. It showed that the development of the ethmoid mucous membrane was still imperfect in the newborn.