Acute leukemia is one of the most common cancers among children.The biological mechanisms leading to leukemia have not been fully clarified until now.Experiments were improved that most patients developing acute leukemia had abnormal chromosomes,including TEL/AML-l,BCR/ABL,PML/RAR-α fusion genes,which would be potential clinical biomarkers.Many genetic polymorphisms have effect on acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility,which were containing genes involved in folate metabolism pathways,cytochrome P450,glutathione-S-transferase enzymes and quinone oxidoreductase-1.As the results of the studies,alcohol,tobacco,TNF-α and IFN-γ might be risk factors to the disease.Furthermore infection and IRF-3 were reported to reduce the occurrence of acute leukemia.Finally,as more is learned about the molecular pathology,it may be possible to develop new therapeutic agents which are specifically targeted to treat childhood acute leukemia.

Objective:To investigate the application value of interferon-γ release assay ( IGRA ) in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods:180 cases were chose including immunocompromised patients,pulmonary tuberculosis patients,immunocompromised patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy volunteers to undergo IGRA in order to determine and compare the content of specific interferon-γ( IFN-γ) in plasma. At the same time, the result of immunocompromised patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was compared with tuberculin skin test (TST). Results:180 cases of the list were tested,included 40 immuno-compromised patients ( group A ) , 50 pulmonary tuberculosis patients ( group B ) , 40 immunocompromised patients with pulmonary tuberculosis patients(group C),and 50 cases in healthy control group(group D). The median of specific IFN-γ contents in the four groups were respectively 0. 112,7. 835,5. 726,0. 697 U/ml. The comparison of differences among the four groups was statistically significant (χ2=74. 046,P<0. 001). Pairwise comparisons among the four groups,and the differences between group B and group C were no significant,but specific IFN-γ content of the two groups was significantly higher than the other two groups,while the group D was higher than group A,the differences were statistically significant. The positive rate of IGRA was significantly higher than that of TST in group C(χ2=11. 314,P=0. 001). Conclusion: IGRA diagnosis in the application of immunocompromised patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was less affected by immune status and was more sensitive than TST,which can be used as auxiliary diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand -foot -mouth disease (HFMD in Weihai of Shandong province,during 2015,and provide reference for HFMD control and prevention. Methods We analyzed data of HFMD cases in Weihai during 2015 by descriptive epidemiology.Results A total of 8 526 HFMD cases were reported in Weihai during this period,including 64 severe cases but no deaths.The reported morbidity was 304.57 /lakh.The vast majority of patients were 0 -5 years old,representing 89.16% of the patients. Most patients were in preschools or scattered home care environments,accounting for 59.60% and 35.74%, respectively.There were clearly more boys than girls,with a male to female ratio of 1.39:1,which was statistically significant(χ2 =15.013,P <0.001).Compared with the incidence of the national level,all districts in Weihai are with high incidence of HFMD,especially in Huancui district(584.02 /lakh).The cases mainly occurred during June, July.The clinical presentation was characterized by fever and various kinds of vesicles or papules at the hand,foot, mouth or buttocks.Conclusion HFMD is one of the serious health hazards communicable disease to the children under 5 years old in Weihai.According to HFMD epidemiology characteristic,immunization and treatment strategies of HFMD should be further improved.

Objective To study the variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in intron 4 of the endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and its relationship with plasma NO in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Method The VNTR polymorphism in intron 4 of the eNOS genes of PIH and healthy control pregnant women were detected by PCR. The plasma level of NO~(3-)/NO~(2-) was measured by spectrophotometer, which was used as the index of NO synthesis.Data were analyzed according to the different type of genotypes and allelic gene frequency. Results The PIH group showed significant higher frequency of VNTR 4a allele and 4a/4b+4a/4a genotype than those of the control (16.00% vs 7.50%,P

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the optimum condition and dosage of activated carbon in the preparation of arilin injection.METHODS:The impacts of activated carbon of different dosage at different temperature,different storage time and different pH value of preparation on the contents of arilin injection were investigated and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Positive correlation was found between the descending degree of the contents of arilin and the dosage of the activated carbon(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of kallidinogenase on senile diabetic nephropathy.METHODS:95senile cases with diabetic nephropathy treated with the basic therapy were randomly divided into treatment group(plus kallidino?genase)and control group(plus aspirin),the proteinuria ejection level,hemorheological parameters and blood lipid level of2groups in24hours were investigated before and after treatment.RESULTS:As compared with prior treatment and the coutrol group,the proteinuria ejection level decreased significantly,the hemorheology improved and the blood lipid level decreased in the treatment group.CONCLUSION:Kallidinogenase is effective to some degree in the prevention and cure of senile diabetic nephropathy and diabetic macroangiopathy.

Objective To study the frequency and relationship with gestational age of fetal nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) in maternal peripheral blood. Methods Samples of peripheral blood in 44 women of 6~40 gestational weeks were collected to enrich the fetal nucleated red blood cells by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. The isolated cells were made smears and counted under the microscope. NRBCs were found and retrieved using a micromanipulator under a microscope for PCR amplification of Y chromosome specific DNA to determine fetal sex. Results NRBCs were found in 17 out of 44 maternal samples, distributing from 9 to 26 gestational weeks The highest frequency of NRBC was found in 11~20 gestational age which reached to 76.5%(13/17). The amount of detected NRBCs ranged from 5/7ml to 30/7ml. Y chromosome 149bp was found in 7 cases and not in the other 10, which agreed to the actual fetal sexes. Conclusion The appropriate time to make a prenatal diagnosis using fetal nucleated red blood cells is in 11~20 gestational age.

Anoikis,a specific form of programmed cell death,is triggered by cell detachment from extracellular matrix or adjacent cell.Studies have found that the most kinds of tumor cells had anoikis resistance characteristic,which may inhibit pro-apoptosis protein,block anoikis inside and outside pathways,up-regulate pro-survival factor signals,and promote survival,invasion and metastasis of tumor cells in the end.The review summarized the mechanism of anoikis and the relationship between anoikis and tumor invasion and the metastasis.

The medical image registration between preoperative three-dimensional (3D) scan data and intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) image is a key technology in the surgical navigation. Most previous methods need to generate 2D digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) images from the 3D scan volume data, then use conventional image similarity function for comparison. This procedure includes a large amount of calculation and is difficult to archive real-time processing. In this paper, with using geometric feature and image density mixed characteristics, we proposed a new similarity measure function for fast 2D-3D registration of preoperative CT and intraoperative X-ray images. This algorithm is easy to implement, and the calculation process is very short, while the resulting registration accuracy can meet the clinical use. In addition, the entire calculation process is very suitable for highly parallel numerical calculation by using the algorithm based on CUDA hardware acceleration to satisfy the requirement of real-time application in surgery.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; X-Rays

TCM boosts plenty theories and practice on delaying aging.Many TCM recognitions on the mechanism of female aging are still useful.The female has menstration,pregnancy,and lactation physiologically,which are different from the male,so the mechanism of the female aging is obviously different from the male.Many factors leads to female aging,such as the growth of age,interaction between deficiency,qi stagnation,blood stasis,and turbid phlegm,and results in functional retrogradation of the whole body.A deep discussion on the mechanism and law of female aging will bring about positive significance in the prevention and treatment of this disease.