A dynamic study for the activity of myocardial cytochrome oxidase from guinea pigs fed with low selenium and low phospholipid semi-synthetic diet (basal diet) or diet supplemented with selenium, phospholipid or other agents was conducted with Pye Unicam SP-1800 UV spectrophotome-ter and Circular C100.The results showed that the activity of myocardial cytochrome oxidase from animals fed with basal diet was the lowest. The single supplement of selenium or phospholipids did not increase the enzymic activity significantly. Only when selenium and phospholipids, especially all the ingredients related to the phospholipids metabolism, such as choline and methionine were supplemented simultaneously, the enzymic activity (velocity constant K) then increased significantly, and sometime even exceeded that of the group fed with normal diet. In the sametime the ratio of phospholipids in heart and the cardiolipin content was close to that of control animals fed with normal diet. The significance of boundary lipids in heart for membranous enzyme and the pathogenesis of Keshan disease was discussed.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the theoretical framework of cells and the forms of osteogenesis in the mechanism by which demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) induces osteogenesis. METHODS: A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. A total of 4 erector spinae bags were created in each animal. A total of 3 erector spinae bags were implanted with DDM by random selection, whereas the remaining one erector spinae bag was not implanted with DDM. The rabbits were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks, and the samples were obtained. The samples were examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and immunohistochemical staining to identify the mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts. RESULTS: The results of HE staining showed that in the third week, cartilage- and bone-like matrices, as well as the osteoblast-like cells, were observed. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expressions of CD44, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen Ⅱ were statistically significant 
(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS DDM has good histocompatibility and osteoinduction. In addition, induced ectopic osteogenesis mode mainly occurs in the endochondral bone.
Animals ; Bone Matrix ; Dentin ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Tooth Demineralization

BACKGROUND: Hair follicles are easily accessible and contain stem cells with different developmental origins, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), that consequently reveal the potential of human hair follicle (hHF)-derived MSCs in repair and regeneration. However, the role of hHF-MSCs in Achilles tendinopathy (AT) remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects of hHF-MSCs on Achilles tendon repair in rabbits. METHODS: First, we extracted and characterized hHF-MSCs. Then, a rabbit tendinopathy model was constructed to analyze the ability of hHF-MSCs to promote repair in vivo . Anatomical observation and pathological and biomechanical analyses were performed to determine the effect of hHF-MSCs on AT, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms through which hHF-MSCs affects AT. Furthermore, statistical analyses were performed using independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and one-way repeated measures multivariate ANOVA as appropriate. RESULTS: Flow cytometry, a trilineage-induced differentiation test, confirmed that hHF-derived stem cells were derived from MSCs. The effect of hHF-MSCs on AT revealed that the Achilles tendon was anatomically healthy, as well as the maximum load carried by the Achilles tendon and hydroxyproline proteomic levels were increased. Moreover, collagen I and III were upregulated in rabbit AT treated with hHF-MSCs (compared with AT group; P  < 0.05). Analysis of the molecular mechanisms revealed that hHF-MSCs promoted collagen fiber regeneration, possibly through Tenascin-C (TNC) upregulation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 downregulation. CONCLUSIONS hHF-MSCs can be a treatment modality to promote AT repair in rabbits by upregulating collagen I and III. Further analysis revealed that treatment of AT using hHF-MSCs promoted the regeneration of collagen fiber, possibly because of upregulation of TNC and downregulation of MMP-9, thus suggesting that hHF-MSCs are more promising for AT.
Animals ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Hair Follicle ; Achilles Tendon/pathology* ; Tendinopathy/pathology* ; Proteomics ; Collagen Type I ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells