BACKGROUND: Mitotic arrest deficiency protein 2 (MAD2) is a key component of spindle assembly checkpoint function, which mediates cell apoptosis through microtubule kinetics. Aberrant expression of MAD2 is believed to be associated with the development of chromosome instability. MAD2 also has a signihicant role in cellular drug resistance to taxane chemotherapeutic agents. METHODS: Expression of MAD2 and p53 was investigated using immunohistochemistry in 85 cases of ovarian carcinomas. Clinicopathological data including progression-free survival were analyzed. RESULTS: A significant (p=.035) association was observed between the grade of serous carcinoma and the expression level of MAD2. While low-grade serous carcinoma showed a low-level expression of MAD2, high-grade serous carcinoma showed a high-level expression of MAD2. We also determined that low-level expression of MAD2 was associated with reduced progression-free survival (PFS) (p=.016) in high-grade serous carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: MAD2 expression in ovarian carcinoma is related to the grade of serous carcinoma and PFS of high-grade serous carcinoma. Expression level of MAD2 detected by immunohistochemistry may serve as an indicator in predicting the response of microtubule-interfering chemotherapeutic agents.
Apoptosis ; Bridged Compounds ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Chromosomal Instability ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Resistance ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kinetics ; M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Microtubules ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Repressor Proteins ; Taxoids

Purpose: We aimed to assess the characteristics of patients with concurrent tinnitus and hyperacusis, determine the best audiological criteria for predicting hyperacusis, and confirm whether objective evidence of changes in the brain exists. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients with tinnitus who visited the hospital between March 2020 and December 2021 were reviewed. Data on accompanying hyperacusis, audiological profiles, and questionnaires including the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Depression Inventory, and numerical rating scale were analyzed. Resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) using power spectral density (PSD) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) were performed to objectively quantify changes in the brain. Results: A total of 194 patients were analyzed. Among them, 51 (26.3%) reported combined subjective hyperacusis with tinnitus.However, the proportions widely varied from 7.4% to 68.4% based on three audiological criteria for assessment. A higher score on the THI questionnaire was independently associated with the co-occurrence of tinnitus and hyperacusis. Fair agreement was observed between subjective hyperacusis and the audiological criterion based on a loudness discomfort level (LDL) of ≤90 dB at two or more frequencies for the diagnosis of hyperacusis. An increased beta-PSD and decreased levels of gamma-PSD, all-ERSP, and delta-ERSP were observed in patients with hyperacusis (p<0.05). Conclusion Patients with co-occurring tinnitus and hyperacusis had more severe tinnitus distress. An LDL of ≤90 dB at two or more frequencies may be applicable to predict accompanying hyperacusis in subjects with tinnitus, and qEEG also provides more objective information.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the characteristics of patients with concurrent tinnitus and hyperacusis, determine the best audiological criteria for predicting hyperacusis, and confirm whether objective evidence of changes in the brain exists. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients with tinnitus who visited the hospital between March 2020 and December 2021 were reviewed. Data on accompanying hyperacusis, audiological profiles, and questionnaires including the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Depression Inventory, and numerical rating scale were analyzed. Resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) using power spectral density (PSD) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) were performed to objectively quantify changes in the brain. Results: A total of 194 patients were analyzed. Among them, 51 (26.3%) reported combined subjective hyperacusis with tinnitus. However, the proportions widely varied from 7.4% to 68.4% based on three audiological criteria for assessment. A higher score on the THI questionnaire was independently associated with the co-occurrence of tinnitus and hyperacusis. Fair agreement was observed between subjective hyperacusis and the audiological criterion based on a loudness discomfort level (LDL) of ≤90 dB at two or more frequencies for the diagnosis of hyperacusis. An increased beta-PSD and decreased levels of gamma-PSD, all-ERSP, and delta-ERSP were observed in patients with hyperacusis (p<0.05). Conclusion Patients with co-occurring tinnitus and hyperacusis had more severe tinnitus distress. An LDL of ≤90 dB at two or more frequencies may be applicable to predict accompanying hyperacusis in subjects with tinnitus, and qEEG also provides more objective information.

BACKGROUND: Understanding lung sound is important physical examination of chest. We studied to identify the state of the understanding, the education and the self-learning experience for lung sound's interpretation during the residentship training period. METHODS: Data were collected from 45 family medicine residents who had trained in Daegu and Gyeongbuk from April 1st to May 31th 2008. Residents completed self-administered questionnaire about the education and the self-learning experience for lung sound's interpretation and had been estimated the understanding of lung sound by using the audio file of five lung sounds. RESULTS: The median score (inter-quartile range, IQR) of lung sound's interpretation was 2 (1, 3) between 0 and 5 range. The number of residents who were educated for the interpretation of lung sounds during the training period were 10 (22.2%). Twenty-four (53.3%) had the self-learning experience for lung sounds. CONCLUSION: The understanding for lung sounds of family medicine residents in Daegu, Gyeungbuk was not high and the majority of residents were not educated the interpretation of lung sounds during the training period. Directors of family medicine should consider to make the regular education program for interpretation of lung sound during the training period.
Comprehension ; Humans ; Lung ; Physical Examination ; Respiratory Sounds ; Thorax ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A thyroid storm is a potentially fatal complication of hyperthyroidism. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential for reducing morbidity and mortality. Older patients with hyperthyroidism tend to have fewer hypermetabolic signs and increased signs of weight loss, depression, lethargy, cardiac arrhythmia, and apathetic mood. Additionally, comorbid diseases and drug history can affect thyroid function and symptoms. Here, we report an older patient with a thyroid storm and accompanied features of Parkinson's disease. She presented with generalized weakness, delirium, and anxiety. Laboratory findings were consistent with hyperthyroidism. She became drowsy with no precipitating factors. High fever, meningism, and atrial fibrilation occurred with no obvious sources. Suspecting a diagnosis of a thyroid storm, she was treated with an antithyroid drug, Lugol's solution, hydrocortisone, and supportive management. After these treatments, her clinical condition recovered and the neurological signs resolved.
Aged ; Anxiety ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Delirium ; Depression ; Early Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hyperthyroidism ; Iodides ; Lethargy ; Meningism ; Parkinson Disease ; Precipitating Factors ; Thyroid Crisis ; Thyroid Gland ; Weight Loss