Objective To evaluate the effect of peritoneal resuscitation (PR) with pyruvate-based peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) on liver injury in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.Methods Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,were used in this study.The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium,tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated.Hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood from the left femoral artery at a rate of 0.6 ml/min within 10 min until mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 30-40 mmHg which was maintained for 60 min.The animals were divided into 5 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group SH),conventional Ⅳ resuscitation group (group CVR),PR with normal saline group (group NS),PR with lactate-based PDS group (group LA) and PR with pyruvate-based PDS group (group PY).The animals only underwent surgical procedure in gronp SH.In group CVR,the animals were resuscitated with infusion of the blood withdrawn and normal saline (the volume was 2 times volume of blood loss) via the right femoral artery after successful establishment of hemorrhagic shock.In NS,LA and PY groups,conventional resuscitation was performed,and the animals were simultaneously resuscitated with normal saline,2.5％ glucose-based PDS containing lactate,and 2.5％ glucose-based PDS containing pyruvate 20 ml,respectively.The blood withdrawn and fluid for resuscitation were all infused over 30 min.MAP was recorded before blood letting,at 5,30 and 60 min of shock and at 5,30,60,90 and 120 min after the end of resuscitation.The arterial blood lactate level was measured by chemical colorimetry at 120 min after the end of resuscitation.The animals were then sacrificed and livers were removed for examination of the pathological changes with a light microscope.The damage to livers was assessed and scored.Results Compared with MAP before blood letting,MAP was significantly decreased during hemorrhagic shock and increased at each time point after resuscitation in CVR,NS,LA and PY groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group SH,MAP during hemorrhagic shock and at each time point after resuscitation was significantly decreased,and the arterial blood lactate level and liver damage scores were increased in CVR,NS,LA and PY groups (P＜0.05).Compared with CVR and NS groups,the arterial blood lactate level and liver damage scores were significantly decreased in LA and PY groups (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the arterial blood lactate level or liver damage scores between group CVR and group NS (P＞0.05).Compared with group LA,the arterial blood lactate level and liver damage scores were significantly decreased in group PY (P＜0.05).Conclusion PR with pyruvate-based PDS can reduce liver injury in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Young Adult

Objective To study the relationship of pulse pressure index (PPI) with intracranial and extracranial arteriosclerosis.Methods Two hundred and fifty-five patients with cerebrovascular disease,peripheral vertigo and headache admitted to our hospital were divided into normal control group (n=99),plaque group (n=53),mild stenosis group (n=53) with a stenosis rate of ＜30％,moderate stenosis group (n=29) with a stenosis rate of 30％-69％,and severe stenosis group (n=21) with a stenosis rate of 70％-99％ according to their head and neck CT vascular imaging.The patients were further divided into intracranial stenosis group (n=68) and extracranial stenosis group (n =35).Their general condition,laboratory blood test parameters,ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and mean PPI were recorded.Results The PPI was significantly higher in mild,moderate and severe stenosis groups than in normal control group (0.41 ±0.08,0.41 ±0.05 vs 0.38±0.06,P＜0.01;0.43±0.05 vs 0.38±0.06,P＜0.05).However,no significant difference was found in PPI between intracranial and extracranial stenosis groups (0.41 ±0.06 vs 0.40±0.05,P＞0.05).Correlation analysis showed that intracranial arteriosclerosis was positively related with PPI,hypertension and age (P＜0.01),but not related with gender,diabetes,TC,TG and LDL-C (P＞0.05).Conclusion PPI is related with intracranial arterosclerosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy of different concentrations of pyruvate-based peritoneal dialysis solution for peritoneal resuscitation in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.Methods Forty SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,were assigned to 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method:sham operation group (S group),routine Ⅳ resuscitation group (VR group),and intraperitoneal resuscitation with different concentrations of pyruvate-based peritoneal dialysis solution groups (PY1 group,PY2 group).The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium 400 mg/kg.Hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood from the left femoral artery until mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 30-40 mmHg and maintained for 60 min,and the animals were then resuscitated by infusion of shed blood.In VR group,hemorrhagic shock was resuscitated by retransfusion of autologous blood and with normal saline 2 times the volume of blood loss at 1 h after hemorrhagic shock.Routine Ⅳ resuscitation was performed,and 40 and 80 mmol/L peritoneal dialysis solution 20 ml were intraperitoneally infused for 30 min at the same time in PY1 and PY2 groups,respectively.MAP was recorded before blood-letting (T0),at 5,30 and 60 min of shock (T1-3) and 5,30,60,90 and 120 min after the end of resuscitation (T4-8).Blood samples were collected at T8 for blood gas analysis,and pH value,partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2),base excess (BE),and bicarbonate ion concentration (HCO3-) were recorded.Results Compared with S group,MAP was significantly decreased at T1-8 in VR and PY1 groups and at T1-7 in PY2 group,and pH value,PaO2,BE and HCO3-were significantly decreased,and PaCO2 was increased in VR group (P＜0.05).Compared with VR group,MAP at T4-8,pH value,PaO2,BE and HCO3-were significantly increased,and PaCO2 was decreased in PY1 and PY2 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with PY1 group,MAP at T6-8 and pH value were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in PaO2,PaCO2,BE or HCO3-in PY2 group (P＞0.05).Conclusion Peritoneal resuscitation with 80 mmol/L pyruvate-based peritoneal dialysis solution produces better efficacy than 40 mmol/L in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

[Abstract] Objective: To evaluate the expression level of FOXD1 in glioma tissues of different grades, and to investigate the correlation between the expression of FOXD1 and the prognosis of glioma patients. Methods: The tumor tissues were collected from 40 glioma patients, who received surgical treatment in the neurosurgery department of the First Hospital of China Medical University from September 2014 to February 2015; Seven non-tumor tissues obtained from patients underwent internal decompression for traumatic brain injury were used as controls. The FOXD1 expression in glioma and non-tumor brain tissues was analyzed by qRT-PCR and IHC, and the correlations between clinical pathological features of glioma patients and FOXD1 expression level were analyzed. Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between FOXD1 expression and survival time of patients. In addition, the expression of FOXD1 in glioma tissues and its relationship with patients’prognosis were confirmed by the data from GEO (GSE4290, GSE2223) and Rembrandt database. Results: qRT-PCR showed that the FOXD1 mRNA expression in glioma tissues of WHO grade IV was significantly higher than that of non-tumor brain tissues and glioma tissues of WHO grade II (P<0.01). German immunohistochemical score (GIS) was used to evaluate the immunohistochemical staining intensity, and the relationship between FOXD1 expression and clinical pathological features was analyzed. The results showed that FOXD1 in glioma tissues was related to WHO phathological grade level (χ2=11.73， P<0.01). There was statistically significant difference between the survival time of FOXD1 high expression group and FOXD1 low expression group (P=0.043). The data from GEO data base (GSE4290, GSE2223) and Rembrandt datasets showed that glioma tissues have a higher FOXD1 mRNA expression level than normal brain tissues, and the elevated expression of FOXD1 mRNA was negatively associated with the survival time of glioma patients. Conclusion: FOXD1 was highly expressed in glioma tissues, and the expression level of FOXD1 was increased as the pathological grade increases. The elevated expression of FOXD1 was related with the poor survival of glioma patients.