Bioremediation is regarded as one of the most promising methods for the remediation of the soil and groundwater contaminated with organic compounds, mainly due to its cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. Using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, we analyzed all publications in this area in core database of Web of Science from 1990 to 2020. The number of publications in this area showed an increasing trend worldwide. The country with the largest total number of publications was USA, followed by China and India. Since 2012, the number of annual publications of China exceeded USA and ranked the first. The top three journals which published papers in this area were Chemosphere, Environmental Science & Technology, and Science of the Total Environment. The Chinese Academy of Sciences published the largest number of papers among the research institutions globally, but the University of California in USA had the highest total citations and h-index. Bibliometric analysis indicated that it is important to develop biotechnologies of bioremediation coupled with chemical/physical remediation to overcome the challenge of low efficiency and long remediation duration associated with bioremediation. In addition, the bioremediation on the mixed contaminants, such as organic contaminants and heavy metals, or mixtures of different organic contaminants, is an important direction. Finally, the rapid development of microbiome technologies will further promote the exploration of mechanisms involved in bioremediation on the genetic and molecular level.
Bibliometrics ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Groundwater ; Publications ; Soil

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for chronic pancreatitis （CP） complicated by pancreatogenic portal hypertension （PPH）， and to establish a predictive model. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 99 patients with CP complicated by PPH who were hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University， Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital， Wenshan People’s Hospital， and Puer People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022， and these patients were enrolled as PPH group. The incidence density sampling method was used to select 198 CP patients from databases as control group. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups； the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator （LASSO） regression model was used to identify the potential predictive factors for CP complicated by PPH， and the predictive factors obtained were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to obtain independent risk factors， which were used to establish a nomogram prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， the calibration curve， and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were used to perform internal validation of the model， and the clinical decision curve was used to assess the clinical practicability of the model. ResultsThere were significant differences between the two groups in sex， history of recurrent acute pancreatitis attacks， acute exacerbation of CP， bile duct stones， peripancreatic fluid accumulation， pseudocysts， pulmonary infection， elevated C-reactive protein （CRP）， elevated procalcitonin， fibrinogen （FIB）， neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase， total bilirubin， direct bilirubin， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， serum amylase， D-dimer， and serum albumin （all P<0.05）. The predictive variables obtained by the LASSO regression analysis included sex， recurrent acute pancreatitis attacks， bile duct stones， peripancreatic fluid accumulation， pulmonary infection， pseudocysts， CRP， NLR， FIB， and LDL. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that sex （odds ratio ［OR］=2.716， P<0.05）， recurrent acute pancreatitis attacks （OR=2.138， P<0.05）， peripancreatic fluid accumulation （OR=2.297， P<0.05）， pseudocysts （OR=2.805， P<0.05）， and FIB （OR=1.313， P<0.05） were independent risk factors for CP complicated by PPH. The above factors were fitted into the model， and the Bootstrap internal validation showed that the nomogram model had an area under the ROC curve of 0.787 （95% confidence interval： 0.730 — 0.844）， and the calibration curve was close to the reference curve. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that the model had a good degree of fitting （χ²=7.469， P=0.487）. The clinical decision curve analysis showed that the prediction model had good clinical practicability. ConclusionMale sex， recurrent acute pancreatitis attacks， peripancreatic fluid accumulation， pseudocysts， and FIB are independent risk factors for CP complicated by PPH， and the nomogram model established has good discriminatory ability， calibration， and clinical practicability.