In recent years,immunotherapy has gradually become a new treatment method of neoplasms,and the patients with solid tumors can benefit from immunotherapy.Immunotherapy has also been used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),which shows a remarkable effect.At present,programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved obvious effects in the treatment of NSCLC.With the continuous study of clinical trials,immunosuppressants have obtained indications in the first-line and second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC.This new treatment changes the treatment mode of lung cancer,and it also brings challenges for the treatment of efficacy evaluation and treatment-related adverse reactions of the tumors.This review summarizes the progress of immunotherapy as the first-line treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.