Objective:To evaluate the cleaning ability of Er∶YAG laser against Enterococcus faecalis in root canals.Methods:The single-rooted human teeth were sterilized and inoculated with Enterococcusfaecalis and were randomly assigned into 2 groups.A group of teeth was irrigated with saline during root canal preparation while another group with NaClO.After mechanical preparation,the two groups were randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to the different treatments:Samples,laser radiation,and calcium hydroxide intracanal medication for 7 days.Bactericical effects were compared among groups.Root canal walls and dental tubules were observed under scanning electron microscope.Results:Er∶YAG laser was the most efficient way for anti-bacteria among the groups (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between the 2 laser groups (P＞0.05).Meanwhile the smear laser was efficiently removed by laser compared with other treatments,and the laser could open the dentinal tubules.Conclusion:Er∶YAG laser can be effectively used for root canal disinfection without NaClO and Ca(OH)2.

Objective To establish the reference interval of 3-14 years old children in Nanhai district of Foshan city .Methods 2 032 cases of 3-14 years old healthy children were detected and analyzed using MINDRAY BC-5800 automatic blood cell analy-zer .The levels of WBC ,RBC ,Hb ,PLT ,Hct ,MCV ,MCH ,MCHC ,RDW were analyzed .Results The levels of WBC ,RBC ,Hb , PLT ,Hct ,MCV ,MCH ,MCHC ,RDW in 2 031 cases were non normal distribution .The levels of Hb ,Hct had no statistical signifi-cance between male children and female children (P>0 .05);The levels of WBC ,RBC ,PLT ,MCV ,MCH ,MCHC ,RDW had statis-tical significance between male children and female children (P<0 .05) .Conclusion It is very important to establish the reference interval of 3-14 years old children in Nanhai district of Foshan city .

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4 ) for ovarian cancer . Methods Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was employed to detect the serum HE 4 of 91 patients with ovarian cancer (ovari-an cancer group) ,69 patients with benign ovarian disease(benign group) and 60 healthy people(control group) .Area under the curve(AUC ) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC ) curve for HE4 was calculated .Results Serum HE4 level [(146 .81 ± 81 .29)pmol/L] of patients in ovarian cancer group was significantly higher than those in control group [(43 .16 ± 25 .64) pmol/L] and benign group[(59 .86 ± 39 .87) pmol/L](P<0 .01) .Set serum HE4≥140 pmol/L as positive cutoff value ,the diagnostic sensi-tivity of serum HE4 detection for ovarian cancer was 82 .4% (75/91) ,specificity 89 .9% (62/69) and diagnostic efficiency 85 .6% . Serum HE4 levels of patients with serous adenocarcinoma ,endometrial adenocarcinoma or other ovarian cancer were markedly high-er than that with mucinous adenocarcinoma (P<0 .01) .Serum HE4 levels of patients with stage Ⅲ ,Ⅳ ovarian cancer were obvious-ly higher than those with Ⅰ ,Ⅱ stage(P<0 .01) .Conclusion HE4 detection has clinical value for the auxiliary diagnosis of ovarian cancer .

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of influenza, pneumococcal, hepatitis B virus (HBV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to analyze the factors related to vaccination.Methods:Data were obtained from 1 203 patients with SLE, via a multi-center web-based survey using an online questionnaire. Data about their social conditions, clinical presentations, willingness for being vaccinated, vaccination within 5 years were collected. Demographic data were shown by descriptive analysis. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the power of related indexes as predictors of vaccination.Results:The vaccination rates of influenza, pneumococcal, HBV, HPV, and VZV were 5.49% (66/1 203), 0.66% (8/1 203), 2.08% (25/1 203), 3.82% (46/1 203), and 0.17% (2/1 203), respectively. Data analysis showed that higher education ( χ2=30.94, P<0.001) and higher income ( χ2=10.70, P=0.001) had greater effects on influenza vaccination. There was a relationship between HPV vaccination and higher education ( χ2=20.96, P<0.001), higher income ( χ2=20.56, P<0.001), younger age ( χ2=8.54, P=0.001), and single ( χ2=5.63, P=0.018). Male ( χ2=10.27, P=0.001) and higher education ( χ2=4.52, P=0.034) were associated with HBV vaccination. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher education [ OR (95% CI)=2.14 (1.10, 4.18), P=0.026], having children under 18 years-old [ OR(95% CI)=1.802(1.02, 3.18), P=0.042], and hydroxychloroquine usage [ OR(95% CI)=2.55(1.06, 6.15), P=0.037], had a positive correlation with influenza vaccination. Male [ OR(95% CI)=4.24(1.37, 13.08), P=0.012], had an impact on HBV vaccination. The factors related to HPV vaccination included age <45 [ OR (95% CI)=0.93(0.89, 0.97), P=0.001], higher education [ OR(95% CI)=2.28(1.11, 4.65), P=0.024], higher income [ OR(95% CI)=2.68(1.32, 3.41), P=0.006] and the usage of immunosuppressive agents [ OR(95% CI)=1.92(1.03, 3.59), P=0.041]. Conclusion:The prevalence of vaccination in patients with SLE is low. Patients with higher education and income are more likely to being vaccinated.