ObjectiveTo review the surgical technique and outcome of intracranial angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVM) hemorrhage. Methods40 patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage episodes and accepted microsurgery were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsAll AOVMs were successfully resected. No operative death occurred.36 patients were followed up for mean 28 months. CT and/or MRI revealed no residual lesions. Most neurological complications improved postoperatively. 1 case demonstrated rebleeding in surgical site 48 months after operation. Another case, a follow-up MRI scan revealed a contralateral denovo lesion 44 months after operation.ConclusionA current neurosurgical procedure is a satisfactory method to prevents AOVMs rebleeding. Long-term follow-up evaluation is necessary despite the lesion has been totally resected.

Objective To assess the value of ultrasound in diagnosis of congenital renal malformations. Methods The records of obstetric ultrasound examinations were reviewed in all the pregnant women admitted in Alta Bates Perinatal Diagnostic center (Oakland, California, USA) during 5 years. Results Ultrasound examination identified 58 cases of congenital renal malformations of different kinds, including 4 cases of renal agenesis, 8 multicystic dysplastic kidney, 5 cystic renal dysplasia with obstructions, 6 renal and ureteral duplications, 6 ectopic kidneys, 18 hydronephroses, 3 autosomal recessive polycystic kidney diseases, 2 autosomal dominant polycystic diseases, 1 Finnish-type congenital nephrosis, 3 Meckel-Gruber syndromes, and 2Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes. Different renal malformations had different ultrasound findings that correlated to abnormalities in embryonic developments. Conclusions Urinary tract abnormalities have a profound effect on pregnancy outcome, especially when associated with oligohydramnios. Many urinary anomalies can be readily detected and diagnosed by ultrasound,which provides a useful modality in diagnosis of fetal congenital renal malformations. Clear understanding of the causes of these abnormalities facilitates prognostic evaluation and clinical decision on the treatment protocol.

Objective To assess the value of ultrasound in diagnosis of congenital renal malformations. Methods The records of obstetric ultrasound examinations were reviewed in all the pregnant women admitted in Alta Bates Perinatal Diagnostic center (Oakland, California, USA) during 5 years. Results Ultrasound examination identified 58 cases of congenital renal malformations of different kinds, including 4 cases of renal agenesis, 8 multicystic dysplastic kidney, 5 cystic renal dysplasia with obstructions, 6 renal and ureteral duplications, 6 ectopic kidneys, 18 hydronephroses, 3 autosomal recessive polycystic kidney diseases, 2 autosomal dominant polycystic diseases, 1 Finnish-type congenital nephrosis, 3 Meckel-Gruber syndromes, and 2Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes. Different renal malformations had different ultrasound findings that correlated to abnormalities in embryonic developments. Conclusions Urinary tract abnormalities have a profound effect on pregnancy outcome, especially when associated with oligohydramnios. Many urinary anomalies can be readily detected and diagnosed by ultrasound,which provides a useful modality in diagnosis of fetal congenital renal malformations. Clear understanding of the causes of these abnormalities facilitates prognostic evaluation and clinical decision on the treatment protocol.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; therapeutic use ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; therapy ; Point Mutation ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of antisense oligonucleotide specific to K-ras point mutation on human pancreatic carcinoma cell PC-2 in vitro.

METHODSHuman pancreatic carcinoma cell PC-2 was transducted with antisense oligonucleotide specific to K-ras point mutation by liposome; the expression of target gene was studied with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The effect on cell proliferation was studied by artificial count, MTT and mass test.

RESULTSThe expression degree of ras protein and K-ras mRNA transducted with antisense oligonucleotide decreased apparently compared with control group and sense oligonucleotide group 48 h after tansduction. The inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was confirmed by artificial count, MTT and mass test.

CONCLUSIONSAntisense oligonucleotide specific to K-ras point mutation has an apparent inhibitory effect on target gene expression and cell proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma cell in vitro.

Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Point Mutation ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Adolescent ; Cerebellum ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Cerebral Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Moyamoya Disease ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of forward and reversal flow axial island flap in the orbital skin defects.

METHODSAccording to the distribution of superficial temporal artery as well as the anastomoses with the branches of supraorbital artery and supratrochlear artery, etc, the frontal, scalp, preauricular and postauricular island flaps were designed. The flaps were displaced through subcutaneous tunnel to cover all kinds of orbital skin defects.

RESULTS13 cases of forward flow flap and 9 of reversal flow flap out of 22 cases in all were observed. One postauricular reversal flow axial island flap showed the obstruction of venous refluence in early postoperative stage, however, after active treatment, mere the distal epidermal necrosis was revealed. There were six re-operations on the postoperative flap hypertrophy. The others were in good shape and functional state.

CONCLUSIONSThe superficial temporal artery is one of most vital blood supply in the upper face. It has wide anastomoses with the supraorbital artery and supratrochlear artery. As the colors and the nature of the frontal, preauricular and post auricular skin are close to orbital skin, the application of forward and reversal flow axial island flap based on the superficial temporal artery can be used in the reconstruction of all kinds of orbital skin defects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Temporal Arteries ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats.

METHODSSixty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and SAP group, and in the latter group, SAP was induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate in the pancreaticobiliary duct. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after the operation, and the severity of pancreatitis was assessed according to histological scoring. The serum levels of VEGF were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of VEGF in the pancreatic tissues was measured by SP immunohistochemistry. Another 30 SD rats were randomized into the control group, SAP group and SAP+recombinant rat VEGF injection group, and the vascular permeability of the pancreatic microcirculation was determined by Evans Blue leakage test.

RESULTSAt each of the time points for measurement, both the serum VEGF level and scores of pancreatic tissue injury were significantly higher in SAP group than in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of VEGF in the pancreatic tissues of SAP group were significantly up-regulated following the operation (P<0.05). The vascular permeability of the pancreatic microcirculation significantly increased after the onset of SAP, and injection of recombinant rat VEGF significantly increased the leakage rate of Evans Blue.

CONCLUSIONVEGF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis and in causing edema and hemorrhage in SAP, and the level of serum VEGF may reflect the severity of pancreatic injury.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Capillary Permeability ; physiology ; Male ; Pancreatitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of captopril against lung injury in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

METHODSSeventy-two male SD rats were randomized into sham-operated group (SO group), SAP group and captopril intervention group (CAP group). Serum amylase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung tissue were examined at 1, 6 and 12 h after the operation. TNF-α and AngII in the lung tissue were detected by ELISA, and the histopathological changes of the pancreas and lung were observed microscopically.

RESULTSThe MPO activity , which was similar between SAP group and CAP group at 1 h, were significantly lowered in CAP group at 6 and 12 h (P<0.05). Serum amylase level and the levels of TNF-α and AngII in the lung tissue homogenate were all reduced significantly in CAP group as compared to those in SAP group (P<0.01). The pathological injury of the lung was obviously lessened in CAP group in comparison with that in SAP group.

CONCLUSIONCaptopril can ameliorate SAP-induced lung injury in rats.

Amylases ; blood ; Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Animals ; Captopril ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Pancreatitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo preliminarily research the formular about the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome of adolescent neck pain.

METHODSAn observation table of adolescent neck pain syndromes was formulated,and 1 397 patients with adolescent neck pain were investigated to establish a database of adolescent neck pain. The Descriptive Statistical Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis were performed by statistical software.

RESULTSTotally 60 TCM symptoms was clustered into 4 TCM syndromes by Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. The expert panel of TCM syndromes preliminarily formulate 4 TCM syndromes of adolescent neck pain by analyzing the result of Cluster Analysis and discussing their clinical experience.

CONCLUSIONAdolescent neck pain is a category of Tendon Trauma's Bi-syndrome of TCM. Ying, Wei, Qi and blood block caused by exopathy, strains, and internal injury is considered as the main pathogenesis of adolescent neck pain. Base on statistical result and expert's opinions, 4 TCM syndromes about adolescent neck pain were formulated: cold-dampness syndrome, dampness-heat blockage syndrome, liver-stagnation and spleen-deficiency syndrome, Qi and Yin deficiency of both heart and kidney syndrome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neck Pain ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Young Adult