Objective To investigate the apoptosis induction effect of Cantharidin on pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1 and CFPAC-1 and possible mechanism. Methods PANC1 and CFPAC-1 was treated with Cantharidin. Cell growth was determined by MTT. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Caspase activity was measured by using enzyme chemical method. Apoptosis-related gene expressions were determined by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results Cantharidin significantly inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer cells PANC1, CFPAC-1 and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Seventy-two hours after 10 μmol/L Cantharidin treatment, the inhibitory rates of PANC1, CFPAC-1 were (52.95 ± 6.34)％ and (71.21 ±6.30)％. Twenty-four hours after treatment, the early and later period apoptotic cell of PANC1 was increased from 7.35％ to 24.89％, from 6.36％ to 17.73％. The early and later period apoptotic cell of CFPAC was increased from 6.39％ to 24.70％, from 9.21％ to 12.58％ (P＜0.01). Activity of caspase 8 and caspase 9 in PANC1 cells was (155.8 + 11.5)％ and (194.6 ± 14.7)％ when compared with that of control group. Activity of caspase 8 and caspase 9 in CFPAC- 1 was ( 182.5 ± 24.3 ) ％ and ( 215.8 ± 12.2) ％when compared with that of control group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expression of pro-apoptotic genes, TNF-α,TRAILR1, TRAILR2, Bad, Bak and Bid was elevated, the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene was decreased. Conclusions Cantharidin can induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell lines by activating caspase,up-regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and down-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic genes.

Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) on the incidence of complications of rib fracture in patients with blunt chest injury.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients with rib fracture stratified according to the AIS scale in three layers (1-3) were equally assigned to two groups, the treated group and the control group, all received conventional treatment, but XFZYD was administered to patients in the treated group additionally. The incidence of complications in patients, including atelectasis, pleural effusion, pulmonary contusion, pleurocentesis and closed thoracic drainage, were observed.

RESULTSThe incidence of pleural effusion in patients of AIS-1 and -2 in the treated group was 20% and 45% respectively, which was remarkable lower than that in the control group (55% and 85%) respectively (P < 0.05); in the treated group, 10% patients of AIS-3, for whom close thoracic drainage was applied, while in the control group, the percentage reached 60%, showing significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXFZYD could reduce the incidence of pleural effusion in patients with blunt chest injured rib fracture of AIS-1 or -2, and reduce the utilization of close thoracic drainage in those of AIS-3, so it is good for clinical practice.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Pleural Effusion ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Rib Fractures ; complications ; drug therapy ; Thoracic Injuries ; complications ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications

As propose of organ repair stem cell therapy technology, articular cartilage cannot be repaired by itself has become one of the research hotspots, repair of articular cartilage with mesenchymal stem cells has shown obvious advantages for the treatment. The scholars have made a preliminary study on the role of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources in the repair of knee articular cartilage, and with the combination of transplantation and cartilage tissue engineering, these technologies improved the human cartilage repair effect of bone marrow, adipose, synovium, cord blood derived stem cells, which achieved good clinical curative effect. Due to the different sources, the dominant and recessive factors, each stem cell will have certain advantages and disadvantages. At present, the clinical research is still in the experimental stage, there is no definite conclusion on which kind of stem cell or technology is more suitable for human cartilage repair. This requires the validation of large-scale or combining with new processing technology clinical trials and the long-term clinical effect, it also provides for the basis for further clinical research.

Objective To evaluate contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging in the detection of leptomeningeal lesions.Methods Seventeen patients with a variety of leptomeningeal lesions were analyzed.The MRI protocol included un-enhanced and contrast-enhanced FLAIR images and contrast-enhanced T_1WI,Comparisons between contrast-enhanced FLAIR images and T_1WI and between un-enhanced and contrast-enhanced FLAIR images were made to determine which sequence better depicted the lesions.Results Leptomeningeal lesions showed as either diffusely or locally abnormal hyper-intensity along sulci or cistern on three sequences.Comparison between contrast-enhanced FLAIR and T_1WI showed that only contrast-enhanced FLAIR revealed the abnormalities in 7,both revealed the abnormalities but the former was superior in 2 ,and both were conspicuous in 7. In 1 patient of tuberculous meningitis,diffuse abnormalities of sulci were shown only on contrast-enhanced FLAIR, abnormalities of cisterns were shown on both sequences but the former was superior.Comparison between un- enhanced and contrast-enhanced FLAIR showed that only contrast-enhanced FLAIR revealed the abnormalities in 9,both revealed the abnormalities but the former was superior in 3,and both were conspicuous in 4. In 1 patient of tuberculous meningitis,abnormalities of cisterns were shown only on contrast-enhanced FLAIR,diffuseabnormalities of sulci were shown on both sequences but the former was superior.Conclusions Contrast-enhanced FLAIR images were superior to un-enhanced FLAIR images and contrast-enhanced T_1WI in the detection of leptomeningeal lesions. Contrast-enhanced FLAIR images are helpful and should be considered when findings on un-enhanced FLAIR images and/or contrast-enhanced T,WI are inconclusive.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on pulmonary vascular resistance in patients after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC).

METHODSFifty-two patients after TCPC were evaluated, of them 24 patients were administered with inhaled nitric oxide in the early postoperative period. The cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were compared before and after inhaled NO.

RESULTSIn experimental group, after inhaled NO, partial pressure of oxygen in artery/fraction of inspired oxygen increased from 161 +/- 17 to 193 +/- 23 (t = 2.75, P < 0.01); CI from (2.86 +/- 0.24) L.min(-1).m(-2) to (3.13 +/- 0.22) L.min(-1).m(-2) (t = 2.25, P < 0.05); PVR decreased from (4.2 +/- 0.5) U/m(2) to (3.8 +/- 1.4) U/m(2) (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); central venous pressure (CVP) from (17.0 +/- 1.8) mm Hg to (15.0 +/- 1.1) mm Hg, decreased 11.7%. Compared with the control group, respirator time decreased from (86 +/- 27) h to (54 +/- 18) h (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); ICU time from (6 +/- 2) d to (4 +/- 2) d (t = 2.32, P < 0.05); But hydrothorax drainage and length of stay had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSThough inhaled NO, there is no significant long-term effects in patients after TCPC, but it may play an important role in the management of low cardiac output syndrome and high cava pressure caused by reactive elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in the early postoperative period of TCPC.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; methods ; Cardiac Output ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Period ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiology ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Venae Cavae ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of Ras antisense oligoribonucleotide (ASODN) in multidrug resistance (MDR) of pancreatic carcinoma Pc-2 cells.

METHODSRas and P-gp expression was suppressed by Ras ASODN. Sensitivity of Pc-2 cells to chemotherapy was determined by the MTT assay. MDR-1 mRNA level was detected by fluorogenic probe quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) method. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the accumulative concentration of adriamycin (ADR) in the cells.

RESULTSRas ASODN significantly inhibited the Ras and P-gp expression (P < 0.05), increased the sensitivity of Pc-2 cells to chemotherapeutic agents (P < 0.05), decreased MDR-1 gene level in Pc-2 cells (P < 0.05), and increased the intracellular intake of ADR in Pc-2 cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRas ASODN may enhance the sensitivity of multidrug-resistant pancreatic cancer Pc-2 cells to chemotherapeutic agents by regulating MDR-1 gene level.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; biosynthesis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Doxorubicin ; metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; Genes, MDR ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; ras Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study cardiopulmonary physiology during exercise in patients after extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection (ECTCPC).

METHODSTwenty-six patients were studied after ECTCPC by exercise testing with bicycle treadmill protocol. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory frequency (RF) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) were measured continuously; twenty-six patients suffered from Fallot 4 underwent biventricular repair were also studied as control group.

RESULTSIn ECTCPC group, HR, BP, SpO(2) and RF all increased with exercise below 3 grade; when exceed 4 grade, BP, SpO(2) decreased and RF kept increasing. Compared with control group, HR, RF were higher (t = 2.13, P < 0.05; t = 2.31, P < 0.05), SpO(2) was lower (t = 2.46, P < 0.05) under the quiescent condition; When exceed 3 grade, HR, BP, SpO(2) decreased more significantly, but RF increased continuously. In fenestration group after ECTCPC, HR reached the top at 5 grades, but in group without fenestration it reached the top at 3 grades; In the whole process of exercising, RF kept higher and SpO(2) kept lower in fenestration group.

CONCLUSIONSThe ECTCPC patients showed obviously exercise limitation. Totally bypass of sinoatrial node in this operation may have some adverse effects on the integer regulation of HR.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure ; methods ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Endurance ; physiology ; Postoperative Period

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary vein (PV) occlusion generally depends on repetitive contrast agent injection when cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). The present study was to compare the effect of cryoballoon ablation for AF guided by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) vs. contrast agent injection. METHODS: Eighty patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF) were enrolled in the study. About 40 patients underwent cryoballoon ablation without TEE (non-TEE group) and the other 40 underwent cryoballoon ablation with TEE for PV occlusion (TEE group). In the TEE group during the procedure, PVs were displayed in 3-dimensional images to guide the balloon to achieve PV occlusion. The patients were followed up at regularly scheduled visits every 2 months. RESULTS: No differences were identified between the groups in regard to the procedure time and cryoablation time for each PV. The fluoroscopy time (6.7 ± 4.2 min vs. 17.9 ± 5.9 min, P < 0.05) and the amount of contrast agent (3.0 ± 5.1 mL vs.18.1 ± 3.4 mL, P < 0.05) in the TEE group were both less than the non-TEE group. At a mean of 13.0 ± 3.3 mon follow-up, success rates were similar between the TEE group and non-TEE group (77.5% vs. 80.0%, P = 0.88). CONCLUSIONS Cryoballoon ablation with TEE for occlusion of the PV is both safe and effective. Less fluoroscopy time and a lower contrast agent load can be achieved with the help of TEE for PV occlusion during procedure.
Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Contrast Media ; Cryosurgery ; methods ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To explore the application value of modified Buzhong Yiqitang （BZYQT） in the treatment of postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer （Qi deficiency in lung and spleen） after chemotherapy， and to observe its effect on tumor angiogenesis， immune function， tumor indicators， and lung function indicators. Method:Ninety-six patients who were treated in the Kunming municipal hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from March 2018 to February 2020 due to postoperative chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer were selected and assigned into a control group （n=48， western medicine） and an observation group （n=48， western medicine+modified BZYQT） by the random number table. The curative efficacies were compared after the treatment. Result:After treatment， the serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）， cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 （CYFRA21-1）， serum insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and transforming growth factor（TGF）-β₁ in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， while the serum CD4⁺/CD8⁺，CD4⁺ cells， immunoglobulin G （IgG） levels， forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV₁），and FEV₁/forced vital capacity （FVC） in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. A significant difference was observed in the total response rate between the observation group ［56.25% （27/48）］ and the control group ［35.42% （17/48）］ （χ²＝4.191，P<0.05）. For adverse reactions，the incidence of bone marrow suppression（χ²＝4.002）， gastrointestinal reaction （χ²＝7.069），and hepatic and renal injury （χ²＝5.151） was lower in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion:For postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer （Qi deficiency in lung and spleen） after chemotherapy， western medicine combined with modified BZYQT could ameliorate immune function， promote pulmonary function recovery， improve clinical efficacy， and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.