Adenosine Triphosphate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Mitochondria, Heart ; metabolism ; Rats

24 days in mm, V1:the degree of expansion in ml) had linear correlation, E1=(0.86V1?0.60) mm. Conclusion The results of the study demonstrate that CT is an accurate and reliable imaging technique in the evaluation of the degree of expansion of the injured orbit and in the prediction of the possibility of the consequent enophthalmos and its degree. It is significantly helpful to the therapeutic planning for the quantity the retroglobal filling in the rectification of the enophthalmos.

Objective To investigate the effect of escharectomy on rats' pulmonary NF-?B activation and the expression of pulmonary proinflammatory cytokines in early stage of burn injury.Method Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:group A(control group),group B(postburn without escharectomy),group C(escharectomy at early stage of burn injury).Thermal-injuried rats underwent 35% TBSA full-thickness burns. Activation of pulmonary NF-?B at 12 hours and 24 hours postburn was tested by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA),and at the same time expressions of pulmonary TNF-?mRNA were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and release of pulmonary TNF-?were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Compared with control group,activity of pulmonary NF-?B in group B was markedly increased,reached(19.56?1.36)?10~4 A at 12 hours and(15.23?1.94)?10~4 A at 24 hours,which was higher than that in group A[(4.36?0.38)?10~4 A,P

Objective To provide a practicable method for the complete display and localization of the posterolateral structures (PLS) of the normal knee through MRI study. Methods 30 tibial bone specimens were observed to establish the bony landmark for localizing the knee. In 50 cadaver knees, the angles between lateral tibial plateau and the long axis of the individual structure of PLS were measured. Then the scan methods of the oblique MR images were determined based on above results. The routine and oblique scans of T 1WI were performed in 40 normal knees. The display effect and appearance of the PLS were observed on MRI. Results The lateral tibial plateau was a stable bony landmark for measuring and localizing of the knee. In the 40 normal knees, The fibular collateral ligament could be intactly displayed on 70? posterior coronal oblique images in 34 cases (85%). The popliteus could be better seen on either 45? medial sagittal oblique in 34 cases (85%) or 60? posterior coronal oblique planes in 36 cases (90%). The popliteofibular ligament could be intactly appreciated on both 60? posterior coronal oblique in 32 cases (80%) and 70? lateral sagittal oblique images in 34 cases (85%). Although the arcuate ligament and the fabellofibular ligament could occasionally be seen on routine and oblique images, but the display rate was lower. Conclusion The oblique MR imaging can intactly display the main structures of PLS, and can be useful in diagnosing the injuries in those structures.

Objective To assess the endemic trend of Kaschin-Beck disease in Tibet and to provide scientific basis for prevention and etiology study of the disease. Methods A questionnaire designed by us was administered to 905 participants who were from Lhundrop county, Medro Gongkar county of Lhasa municipality and Sangri county of Lhoka region in July to November, 2007. The Kashin-Beck disease diagnostic criteria(GB 16003-1995) was used for clinical diagnosis, and children 5 to 14 years old were taken right wrist X-ray film for diagnosis.Results One hundred and forty-four genealogies were recruited in this study. The interview and clinical examination were done to 905 persons, 208 persons were detected with Kaschin-Beck disease, and the detectable rate was 22.98%(208/905). The numbers of patients with degrees Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ of Kaschin-Beck disease were 148, 43 and 17, respectively, with proportion of 71.15%(148/208), 20.67%(43/208) and 8.17%(17/208) out of all patients, respectively. The detectable rates of Kaschin-Beck disease were 29.73% (102/343) and 18.86%(106/562), respectively in Lhasa and Lhoka district, and the difference between this two districts was statistically significant(x2= 15.257, P＜ 0.01) . A total of 368 males and 537 females were recruited in this study, the detectable rates of male and female with Kaschin-Beck disease were 19.29% (71/368) and 25.51% (137/537), respectively,and the difference between male and female was statistically significant (x2 = 5.372, P ＜ 0.01) . In this study most patient were between 31 to 70 years old, the patients with degrees Ⅱ or Ⅲ of Kaschin-Beck disease were mostly above 40 years old. There were only 5 patients who were less and equal 20 years old in chinical diagnosis. The Xray positive detectable rate of children between 5 to 14 years old was 6.85% (10/146). Conclusions The condition of Kashin-Beck disease area is relatively stable in these two regions in recent years, and shows a downward trend. However, there are still positive child cases diagnosed by X-ray, which should arouse the attention of the relevant departments to further strengthen the implementation of control measures.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of NF-kappaB activation on the expression of cytokines in monocytes stimulated by burn serum, so as to explore the mechanism in monocyte activation by burn serum.

METHODSPeripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) isolated from healthy volunteers were employed as the target cells. The cells were stimulated by serum from healthy volunteers (control), by serum from burn patients (burn serum), and by burn serum with addition of PDTC (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate). Activation of monocytic NF-kappaB before stimulation and at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 poststimulation hours (PSH) was assessed with electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Expression of TNF-alpha and IL-8 mRNA at 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 PSHs was assayed with in situ hybridization (ISH). Meanwhile, the contents of TNF-alpha and IL-8 in the supernatants were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe monocytic NF-kappaB activity in burn serum group increased significantly and reached the peak level at 1 PSH [(30.2 +/- 3.5) x 10(4) integration gray scale value] after the PBMCs were stimulated by burn serum, and it was obviously higher than that in control group [(4.4 +/- 0.8) x 10(4) integration gray scale value], (P < 0.01). It gradually decreased and returned to the pre-stimulation state at 2 PSH. The monocytic NF-kappaB activity in PDTC group decreased to [(6.8 +/- 0.9) x 10(4) integration gray scale value at 1 PSH] after the stimulation. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA of the monocytes and the TNF-alpha level in the supernatant of the cultured PBMCs reached peak level at 1 PSHs after being stimulated by burn serum, and they were obviously higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). While the expression of IL-8 mRNA and the IL-8 level in the supernatant of the cultured PBMCs reached peak level at the 4 PSHs after being stimulated by burn serum, which were obviously higher than those in control group (P < 0.01) too. In addition, the synthesis and release of TNF-alpha (peaked at 1 PSH: 0.52 +/- 0.06 microg/L) and IL-8 (peaked at 4 PSH: 239 +/- 20 ng/L) in the supernatant of PBMCs in PDTC group were evidently higher than those in control group [(0.13 +/- 0.07) microg/L, < 156 ng/L] (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBurn serum can induce the activation of NF-kappaB which lead to the synthesis and release of cytokines from PBMC. This result indicates that the activation of NF-kappaB plays important role in the secretion of cytokines from PBMCs induced by the burn serum.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Serum ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the lung tissues of rats with early-stage burn injury.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the normal control, burn, burn and PDTC treatment groups, and in the latter two groups, the rats were subjected to 35% TBSA full-thickness burns. Activation of pulmonary NF-kappaB at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 postburn hour (PBH) was tested by electrophoretic mobility shift assay , and the expressions of pulmonary tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNAs at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared to that of the control group, activity of pulmonary NF-kappaB in burned rats was markedly increased within 1 PBH and kept increasing till 24 h. Expressions of pulmonary TNF alpha and IL-8 mRNAs increased gradually, reaching the peak level at 6 PBH, and PDTC could effectively inhibit pulmonary NF-kappaB activation and expression of the pulmonary cytokines induced by the burn injury.

CONCLUSIONSevere burn injury may activate pulmonary NF-kappaB, which ultimately leads to secretion of cytokines in the lung tissues.

Animals ; Burns ; immunology ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators ; immunology ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; pathology ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical classification method of keloids and providing a thread for the treatment of keloids.

METHODSTo summarize the 600 cases of keloid patients we accepted and diagnosed from November 2004 to October 2012, and filling in keloid patients information sheet, recording the keloids form by photographs, analyzing the treatment, putting forward the classification method of keloids in clinic.

RESULTSAccording to the position and quantity that keloids grow, the keloid patients are divided into four major categories:one in single site, one in each site, more than one in single site and more than one in each site; According to the area and thickness of keloids, the keloid single lesion is divided into four subclasses: type of small area and thin, type of small area and thick, type of large areas and thin,type of large areas and thick; According to the number of lesions, keloid multiple lesions is divided into two subgenera: isolated multiple and dispersion multiple, different kinds of keloids suit different methods of treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical classification method of keloids can be used to provide thought for the treatment of keloids, and have a good application value.

Humans ; Keloid ; classification ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of NF-kappaB activation on the early expression of proinflammatory cytokines in myocardium and early myocardial dysfunction in burn rats.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy Wistar rats were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into three groups, i. e. control( C, n = 20, with isotonic saline solution) , burn ( B, n = 90, with isotonic solution after burns) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, n =60, with isotonic saline and 250 mg/kg PDTC after burns) groups. The rats in B and PDTC groups were inflicted with 35% TBSA full-thickness burns on the back. The activity of myocardial NF-kappaB was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay at 1 , 3, 6, 12,24 postburn hours (PBH), with expression of integral absorbance ( A ) value . The expression of myocardial tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-alpha) mRNA was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction( RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization at 6, 12 PBH, with expression ofA value. The left ventricular systolic pressure( LVSP) , the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) ,the maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure ( +/- dp/dt max) were also observed at 3, 6, 12,24 PBH. RESULTS The activity of myocardial NF-KB in B group was markedly increased at 1 PBH [ (20. 3+/-3. 4) x 104A ] ,which was obviously higher than that in C group (2. 2 +/- 0. 4) x 104A , P <0.01]. It peaked at 3 PBH, and was still evidently higher than that in C group at 24 PBH ( P <0. 01). The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was obviously higher than that in C group at 3 PBH ( P < 0. 01) , peaking at 6 PBH, and it was mainly expressed in myocardium. The expression of LVSP and +/- dp/dt max were lower, but LVEDP was higher than that in C group during 3 -24 PBH ( P <0.01).

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in the burn serum induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) in endothelial cells.

METHODSHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and divided into control (with normal serum stimulation), burn serum (B, with burn serum stimulation) and PDTC (with burn serum and PDTC stimulation) groups. The NF-kappaB activity in endothelial cells was determined with electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 post-stimulation hour (PSH). The expression of ICAM-1 at 3.0, 6.0, 12. 0, 24.0 PSH was detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe NF-kappaB activity in endothelial cells in burn serum group and PDTC group were markedly higher than that in control group (P <0.01), and it reached the peak at 1.0 PSH [(21.03 +/- 4.87), (7.44 +/- 0.60) x 10(4) A], respectively, then gradually decreased. But it was obviously lower in PDTC group than that in burn serum group ( P <0. 01 ). The expression of ICAM-1 was gradually increased in both burn serum group and PDTC group, reaching the peak level at 12.0 PSH [(327 +/- 37), (142 +/- 31) mean fluorescence intensity], respectively, which were significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01). But it was evidently lower in PDTC group than that in burn serum group at 12.0 and 24.0 PSH (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONBurn serum can initiate the synthesis and release of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells through activation of NF-kappaB, indicating that NF-kappaB plays an important role in the process of burn serum induced endothelial secretion of adhesion molecules.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; blood ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Serum ; metabolism ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology