This research is to investigate study the flavonoids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and the cytotoxic activities of iso- lated compounds. The constituents were separated by column chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytoxic activities by MTT method. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as rhamnazin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), luteolin-3', 4'-dimethylether-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3,3'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 1, 8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(6) , kaempferol(7), isorhamnetin (8), quercetin(9), astragalin(10), hyperoside (11) and 1-hy- droxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone(12). All compounds were isolated from stems of this plant for the first time, and compounds 1-5 were firstly isolated from the family nelumbonaceae. Compounds 24 and 6 showed significant cytotoxic activities against BEL-7402 carcinoma cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with the inhibitory rate of 67.36%, 53.25%, 57.78%, 60.13% and 52.11%, respectively.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

This study is to study is to investigate the coumarins from Fruit of Cnidium monnieri and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytoxic activities by MTT method. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as osthole (1), bergaptan (2), xanthotoxol (3), xanthotoxin (4), imperatorin (5), isopimpinellin (6), osthenol (7), psoralen (8), 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (9), oxypeucedaninhydrate (10), and swietenocoumarin F (11). Compounds 7, 9-11 were isolated from the Cnidium genus for the first time. Compounds 1,5,10 and 11 showed significant cytotoxic activities against L1210 cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with inhibitory rates of were 70.13, 63.10, 55.77, and 75.08% respectively.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cnidium ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Fruit ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Mice ; Molecular Structure

Objective To discuss the mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads. Methods By analysis on mechanostat of bone remodeling and absorption from the idea of mechanical fatigue strength theory, the mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads was developed. Damage was selected as the mechanical stimulus under dynamic loads and the model of bone remodeling under dynamic loads was proposed. Physical exercise for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis was simulated to analyze the biomechanical phenomenon why the osteogenesis effect under dynamic loads seems better than that under static loads. Results The biomechanical phenomenon as mentioned above was reasonably explained. An increase of 10%-30% in physical exercise could cause an increase of 3.13%-8.61% in bone mineral density. Conclusions The mechanostat of bone remodeling under dynamic loads will provide theoretical guidance for using mechanical vibration to treat or prevent diseases related to bone metabolism, which is the supplement and improvement for mechanostat of bone remodeling.

Objective To develop a mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at cellular and molecular level. Methods Through analysis of bone remodeling process and mechanical stimulus from an engineering perspective, as well as absorption from the idea of mechanical strength design theory, the equivalent stress as the mechanical stimulus and the appropriate calculation formula of mechanical stimulus based on stress state were selected to propose a mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at the cellular and molecular level. The model was then used to simulate bone remodeling of alveolar bone in orthodontics. Results The reduction of the vascular porosity and increase of bone mass appeared in tensile stress area, while vascular porosity increased and bone mass reduced in compression stress area, which was consistent with the features of alveolar bone. Conclusions The mechanobiological model of bone remodeling based on stress state at cellular and molecular level considered the effect of stress state on failure forms of bone tissues, embodied bone remodeling as a cellular automaton optimization process under mechanical stimulus, which would contribute to investigating effects of stress state on bone remodeling at the cellular and molecular level. The study is a supplement and improvement of bone remodeling theory and will provide theoretical guidance for treatment of orthodontics.

SUMMARY Anaphylaxis is an acute and fatal systemic allergic reaction to an allergen , and it could be an unpre-dictable and life-threatening cause during anesthesia .The main purpose of this paper is to report a case of anaphy-lactic shock during the anesthesia induction and to review the prophylaxis and treatment of anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactoid reactions during the anesthesia period .A 63-year-old man, with a mass on his adrenal , was scheduled to a laparoscopic adrenal tumor excision .During the anesthesia induction period , after administrated sul-fentanil, propofol and rocuronium , the blood pressure was decreased and the heart rate was increased .Then, the patient had rash on his whole body and developed an anaphylactic shock .After being treated with the anti-allergic agents and norepinephrine , the rash disappeared and the vital sign become stable .The patient felt nothing uncom-fortable during the two weeks ’ follow-up.Anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactoid reactions are not rare during the anesthesia period .The most common inducements are muscle relaxant , latex and antibiotics .Anaphylactic reac-tions in the perioperative period are often serious and potentially life-threatening conditions , involving multiple or-gan systems in which the clinical manifestations are the consequence of the release of preformed mediators from mast cells and basophils .Before anesthesia , we should acquire the allergic history .During the anesthesia period , the vi-tal sign and the skin should be observed carefully .

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Qingxiang Concentrated Pill (QCP) on mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) in rats. Methods Injection of estradiol were given to establish rat models of MGH and QCP was given QCP at the same time. Pathologic changes of mammary gland in rats were observed under light microscope. Changes of breast diameter, mammary gland volume and weight were measured; serum sex hormones levels, SOD activity and MDA content were also estimated. Results QCP could decrease the increased breast diameter, mammary gland volume and weight, reduce the numbers of mammary gland lobules and mammary acini and the diameter of acinar cavities. It could also decrease eatradiol level and MDA content in serum, inhibit the decrease of the coefficient of thymus and increase the serum progesterone level. Conclusion QCP can regulate sex hormone levels, inhibit lipid peroxidation and relieve the pathologic changes of mammary gland in MGH rats.

OBJECTIVEThe traditional gracilis musculocutaneous flap is supplied by a branch of deep femoral artery, which enters the muscle in between the upper and middle third of it. So the flap barely reaches the pelvis and perineum region for reconstruction. By exploring the blood supply pattern we tried to rotate the flap Upon at the higher point starting at the obturator foramen in order to let it cover a bigger area.

METHODSanatomical reviewing of the blood supply of the gracilis branches of obturator, medial femoral circumflex and deep femoral arteries. Based on this a new type of longitudinal gracilis musculocutaneous flap supported only by the obturator artery was designed to reach the pelvis, female genitalia, pubic symphysis, inguinal area easily.

RESULTSThe new kind of flap has been applied to 9 patients for deformity repairing and tissue replacement in the pelvic and perineal area. All the flaps survived and achieved satisfactory result with 3 months to 3 years' follow up.

CONCLUSIONSLongitudinal gracilis musculocutaneous flaps supplied by the obturator artery can be used as regular musculocutaneous flap clinically.

OBJECTIVETo compare enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and tuberculin skin test (TST) and explore their roles in the auxiliary diagnosis of initial pulmonary tuberculosis.

METHODSTotally 123 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis group) and 102 patients with non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease (control group) were enrolled. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all participants were co-cultured with early secretiny antigen target-6/culture filtrate protein-10 fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10), and spot forming cells (SFCs) were enumerated by ELISPOT (ESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT). TST was also performed simultaneously.

RESULTSESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT showed significantly higher numbers of SFCs after stimulation in tuberculosis group than in control group (P = 0.000). The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT were 91.1% (111/123), 81.4% (82/102), 4.60, 0.12, 0.85, and 0.87 respectively, while the above values of TST were 65.6% (59/90), 45.1% (46/102), 1.31, 0.76, 0.51, and 0.60, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT were significantly higher than those of TST (all P = 0.000). The number of SFCs were not significantly different between smear-positive tuberculosis subgroup and smear-negative tuberculosis subgroup (P = 0.166). The sensitivities were 91.8% (67/73) and 88.0% (44/50) in these two subgroups, respectively, (P = 0.448).

CONCLUSIONSESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT may be a more accurate approach for the auxiliary diagnosis of initial pulmonary tuberculosis; meanwhile, it offers certain diagnostic evidences for smear-negative tuberculosis. However, its specificity may be affected by latent tuberculosis infection. On the contrary, TST has poor value in the auxiliary diagnosis of initial pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To identify the importance of ISO9001 in project management and explore the procedure of establishing it,to provide reference for further practice.Methods According to prior studies,the formation procedure of this quality management system was described in detail.Results Quality management system could improve project management in multiple aspects,such as explicit regulation,orderly implementation,effective supervision,timely feedback and effective reform.Conclusions As the unique national project management institution on medical science and health,it is crucial to establish a institutionalized,standardized and international scientific research management system,especially on medical science and health field.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in pediatric patients, and to provide data support and decision-making basis for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: Cases of children aged 0-17 years reported by provincial health commissions in Anhui, Shandong, Zhejiang and Henan provinces were collected to analyze their spatial, temporal, and demographic distribution. Results: By 24:00 on February 6, 2020, a total of 107 pediatric patients had been reported in the four provinces, accounting for 3.8% (107/2 808) of the total cases reported in the four provinces during the same period. Anhui, Shandong, Zhejiang and Henan provinces had 25, 25, 28 and 29 cases, respectively. Cases ranged in age from 5 days after birth to 17 years, with a median age of 8 years. Boys accounted for 58.9%. Totally 38 cases had a history of sojourn in Wuhan or Hubei, 63 cases had a history of exposure to confirmed cases, and 6 cases with unknown exposure history. A group of 52 family clustering were found in 107 cases. All cases presented mild symptoms, no serious and no death. Conclusion Children were also susceptible to the COVID-19. Before February 2, the index pediatric cases were mainly the first generation cases, and after February 3, these pediatric cases were mainly the secondary-generation cases and those who had close contact with confirmed cases. The monitoring of children with secondgeneration cases and close contact with COVID-19 cases were valued.