OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and treatment of a second primary malignant tumor induced by previous radiotherapy.

METHODSFrom March 1970 to March 1997, 108 nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients who developed a second primary malignant tumor induced by radiotherapy were treated. There were squamous carcinoma 43 (39.8%), sarcoma 26 (24.1%), malignant fibrous histiocytoma 14 (13.0%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 12 (11.1%), thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma 8 (7.4%) and malignant melanoma 5 (4.6%). Fifty patients underwent operation, 32 received radiotherapy, 18 received chemotherapy and 8 received operation combined with chemotherapy.

RESULTSThe 3- and 5-year tumor-free survival rates were 64.0% and 36.0% in the operation group. They were 34.4% and 18.8% in the radiotherapy group.

CONCLUSIONSurgery, if not contra-indicated, is the first choice for the second primary malignant tumor induced by radiotherapy. Aggressive treatment for these patients is, hence, indicated clinically.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed dose combination of telmisartan 80 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 mg (TH) to telmisartan 80 mg (T) in Chinese patients who failed to respond adequately to treatment with T.

METHODThis is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical study. A total of 699 eligible hypertensive patients entered a one-week screening phase prior to the eight-week open-label T period. At the end of eight weeks, 345 patients who failed to respond to T (DBP > or = 90 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) were randomized to receive either TH (175 patients) or T (170 patients) for another eight weeks. Sitting and standing BP were taken 24 hours post-dose and adverse events were documented at visit with 4 weeks interval. Laboratory, ECG and physical examination were performed at screening, at baseline and at the final visit.

RESULTSAfter 8 weeks treatment, (1) The mean trough reduction in sitting diastolic blood pressure (SiDBP) from baseline in TH group was greater than that in T group (10.1 mm Hg vs 7.7 mm Hg, P = 0.0017). The mean trough reduction in sitting systolic blood pressure (SiSBP) from baseline was 14.2 mm Hg in TH group and 7.4 mm Hg in T group (P < 0.0001). (2) The mean trough reduction in standing DBP and standing SBP from baseline were significantly greater in TH group (8.7 mm Hg and 12.9 mm Hg) compared those in T group (7.3 mm Hg and 7.0 mmHg, P = 0.0350, P < 0.0001). (3) The number and percentage of responders in TH group (129, 74.6%) were significantly higher than in T group (100, 59.2%, P = 0.0016). (4) The incidence of the study drug-related adverse events was similar between TH and T group (3.5% vs. 3.6%, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTH was more effective than T in patients not responded adequately to T in Chinese hypertensive patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzoates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Fistula ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose Neoplasms ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; Paranasal Sinuses

This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone (aPSADPZ) for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The demographic and clinical characteristics of 853 patients were recorded. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), PSAD of peripheral zone (PSADPZ), aPSADPZ, and peripheral zone volume ratio (PZ-ratio) were calculated and subjected to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The calibration and discrimination abilities of new nomograms were verified with the calibration curve and area under the ROC curve (AUC). The clinical benefits of these models were evaluated by decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves. The AUCs of PSA, PSAD, PSADPZ, aPSADPZ, and PZ-ratio were 0.669, 0.762, 0.659, 0.812, and 0.748 for PCa diagnosis, while 0.713, 0.788, 0.694, 0.828, and 0.735 for csPCa diagnosis, respectively. All nomograms displayed higher net benefit and better overall calibration than the scenarios for predicting the occurrence of PCa or csPCa. The new model significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of PCa (0.945 vs 0.830, P < 0.01) and csPCa (0.937 vs 0.845, P < 0.01) compared with the base model. In addition, the number of patients with PCa and csPCa predicted by the new model was in good agreement with the actual number of patients with PCa and csPCa in high-risk threshold. This study demonstrates that aPSADPZ has a higher predictive accuracy for PCa diagnosis than the conventional indicators. Combining aPSADPZ with PIRADS can improve PCa diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
Male ; Humans ; Prostate/pathology* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Biopsy ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and predictors of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in the treatment of T lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) . Methods: 41 patients with T-LBL who underwent auto-HSCT from April 2006 to July 2017 in the Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and the Department of Lymphoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results: ①Among 41 patients, there were 30 males and 11 females with median age of 24 (11-53) years old. According to the Ann Arbor staging, 33 (80.5%) patients were in stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ. 12 (29.3%) patients have mediastinal involvement, and 20 (48.8%) patients have bone marrow (BM) involvement. Before transplantation, there were 26 (63.4%) patients who achieved first complete remission (CR(1)) , the other 15 (36.6%) patients were in the non-CR(1) group, and there were 29 (70.7%) patients in the low-intermediate risk group (IPI<3 scores) , the other 12 (34.1%) patients were in the middle-high risk group (IPI≥3 scores) . ②The median follow-up was 29 (3-98) months. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for 41 patients were (64.3±8.2) % and (66.0±7.8) %, respectively. 3-year cumulative recurrence rate (CIR) was (30.7±7.4) %, and 3-year non-recurring mortality (NRM) was (4.8±4.6) %. ③The 3-year OS of the CR(1) group and the non-CR(1) group were (83.4±7.6) % and (38.9±12.9) % (P=0.010) , and the 3-year PFS of two groups were (83.8±7.4) % and (40.0±12.6) % (P=0.006) , respectively. The 3-year CIR of these two groups were (16.2±7.4) % and (53.3±12.9) % (P=0.015) , and the 3-year NRM were 0 and (14.3±13.2) % (P=0.157) , respectively. ④The 3-year OS of the IPI low-intermediate risk group and the high-intermediate risk group were (76.9±8.4) % and (35.7±15.2) % (P=0.014) and the 3-year PFS were (77.4±8.2) % and (40.0±14.6) (P=0.011) , respectively. The 3-year CIR of these two groups were (18.1±7.3) % and (60.0±14.6) % (P=0.006) , and the 3-year NRM were (5.6±5.4) % and 0 (P=0.683) , respectively. The OS and PFS of patients with low-intermediate risk group were significantly higher than the other group. Conclusion: Auto-HSCT could improve the survival of T-LBL. Pre-transplant status and IPI score are important predictors for survival T-LBL patients with auto-HSCT.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; T-Lymphocytes ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of Venetoclax combined with multidrug chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ETP-ALL) . Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 15 patients with R/R ETP-ALL who received Venetoclax combined with multidrug chemotherapy from December 2018 to February 2022. Among them, eight cases were combined with demethylated drugs, four cases were combined with demethylated drugs and HAAG chemotherapy regimen, two cases were combined with demethylated drugs and CAG regimen, and one case was combined with Cladribine. Specific usage and dosage of Venetoclax: 100 mg on day 1, 200 mg on day 2, 400 mg on day 3-28, orally; when combined with azole antifungal drugs, dosage was reduced to 100 mg/d. Results: Fifteen patients (10 males and 5 females) with R/R ETP-ALL were treated with Venetoclax and multidrug chemotherapy with a median age of 35 (12-42) years old. Of 4 refractory and 11 relapsed patients, the efficacy was evaluated on the 21th day following combined chemotherapy: the overall response rate, the complete response (CR) rate, and the CR with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi) rate were 67.7% (10/15), 60.0% (9/15), and 6.7% (1/15), respectively. For the overall study population, the 12-month overall survival (OS) rate was 60.0%, and the median OS was 17.7 months. The disease-free survival (DFS) rate of all CR patients at 12 months was 60.0%, and the median DFS did not reach. About 14 patients had Ⅲ-Ⅳ hematological toxicity, but these adverse reactions were all controllable. No adverse reaction in the nervous system and tumor lysis syndrome occurred in this study, and no adverse reaction of organs above grade Ⅲ occurred. Conclusion: Venetoclax combined with multidrug chemotherapy may be a safe and promising treatment option for patients with R/R ETP-ALL.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Precursor Cells, T-Lymphoid ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy*

Colon cancer-related anemia (CCRA) is mainly caused by systemic inflammation, intestinal bleeding, iron deficiency and chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in colon cancer. However, the best therapeutic schedule and related mechanism on CCRA were still uncertain. Studies on blood enrichment and anti-tumor effects of combined Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), Fe and rhEPO based on CCRA and gut microbiota modulation were conducted in this paper. Here, CCRA model was successfully induced by subcutaneous inoculation of CT-26 and i.p. oxaliplatin, rhEPO + DBD high dosage + Fe (EDF) and rhEPO + DBD high dosage (ED) groups had the best blood enrichment effect. Attractively, EDF group also showed antitumor activity. The sequencing results of gut microbiota showed that compared to P group, the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae and opportunistic pathogen (Odoribacter) in ED and EDF groups were decreased. Interestingly, EDF also decreased the relative abundances of cancer-related bacteria (Helicobacter, Lactococcus, Alloprevotella) and imbalance-inducing bacteria (Escherichia-Shigella and Parabacteroides) and increased the relative abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria (Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014), however, ED showed the opposite effects to EDF, this might be the reason of the smaller tumor volume in EDF group. Our findings proposed the best treatment combination of DBD, rhEPO and Fe in CCRA and provided theoretical basis and literature reference for CCRA-induced intestinal flora disorder and the regulatory mechanism of EDF.

The combination of ginkgo ketoester tablet - donepezil (GD) is a popular combination commonly used in clinic for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. To evaluate the learning and memory improving ability of different proportions of the two drugs. We optimized the ratio of GD for treatment of dementia using a mouse model. Dementia was induced by multiple neuronal damages in mice. The experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Experimental Ethical Committee of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and all the procedures were strictly conducted in accordance with ethical principle of animal use and care. Morris water maze, brain hematosylin-eosin staining and the changes of the neurotransmitters and related enzymes in the plasma or brain tissues were tested to determine the effect of GD on dementia mice. The results showed that the dementia mice were significantly different from the normal group in terms of behavior, pathological sections and related indicators. Compared to the dementia mice, partial administration groups could improve learning and memory ability as well as indexes in the blood and brain tissues. Both the principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods were used to comprehensively evaluate the total effect of GD on anti-dementia. The results showed that the combination of two drugs at the dose of 0.5 to 1 times was in a dose-effect relationship, and the dose of 1 (the clinical equivalent) had the best treatment effect. Then based on the optimal dose, GD 1∶1 had best effect, which was consistent with the clinical use of two drugs. This provides scientific basis for more effective application of the compatibility between ketoester tablet and donepezil for modern clinic medicine.