Anemia, Aplastic ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans

Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; diagnosis ; therapy

Animals ; Humans ; Iron ; adverse effects ; metabolism ; Iron Overload

Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; metabolism ; Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; metabolism ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis

Anemia, Macrocytic ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Cri-du-Chat Syndrome ; Humans ; Trisomy

In recent years, there have been lots of progresses in the studies on red cell diseases in China, especially bone marrow failure diseases including immuno-related pancytopenia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and paroxymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Numerous laboratory experiments as well as clinical researches have been carried out by Chinese hematologists, which brought about much clearer pathogenesis, more rational diagnosis methods and more effective therapies for red cell diseases.
Anemia, Aplastic ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; China ; Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; Pancytopenia ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate moisture content and hygroscopicity of spray dry powder of Gubi compound's water extract obtained at different spray drying conditions and laying a foundation for spray drying process of Chinese herbal compound preparation.

METHODIn the paper, on the basis of single-factor experiments, the author choose inlet temperature, liquid density, feed rate, air flow rate as investigated factors.

RESULTThe experimental absorption rate-time curve and scanning electron microscopy results showed that under different spray drying conditions the spray-dried powders have different morphology and different adsorption process.

CONCLUSIONAt different spray-dried conditions, the morphology and water content of the powder is different, these differences lead to differences in the adsorption process, at the appropriate inlet temperature and feed rate with a higher sample density and lower air flow rate, in the experimental system the optimum conditions is inlet temperature of 150 degrees C, feed density of 1.05 g x mL(-1), feed rate of 20 mL x min(-1) air flow rate of 30 m3 x h(-1).

Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Particle Size ; Powders ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Water ; analysis ; Wettability

The essence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a malignant clonal bone marrow myeloid neoplasm. Both basic researches and clinical studies should firmly grasp this essence of MDS and should not be interferenced by confounding factors. Comprehensive diagnosis can improve the accuracy of MDS diagnosis by multiple indicators that reflect the malignant nature, such as cell dysplasia, function abnormalities, cytogenetic changes and gene mutations. The therapy of MDS should also eradicate the MDS clone, change the disease progression, stimulating normal hematopoiesis, prolong the survival and improve the quality of life.

T follicular helper cells (TFH cells) provides a helper function to B cells. It is one of the most important subsets of effector T cells in lymphoid tissues. The features of TFH cells include chemokine receptor expression (CXCR5), location/migration (B cell follicles), and function (B cell help). TFH cells produce a "helper" cytokine-IL-21, which can stimulate B cells to differentiate into Ab-forming cells through IL-21R. Dysregulation of TFH cell function likely contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. In this article, the discovery of CXCR5 and TFH cells, origin of TFH cells, cytokines related with TFH cell function, migration and location of TFH effector cells and memory cells as well as dysregulation of TFH cell function and related diseases were reviewed.
Humans ; Interleukins ; immunology ; Receptors, CXCR5 ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; immunology