Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Bloodletting ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Facial Muscles ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Spasm ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Sweating ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether lipid-lowering therapy with Xuezhikang can reduce the risk of cardiac events and total mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with or without hypertension.

METHODSIn this random, double-blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial, 2704 patients with hypertension and 2166 patients without hypertension were enrolled and capsule Xuezhikang 0.6 g Bid or placebo on the top of conventional therapy without other lipid-lowering drugs. The mean follow-up period was four years. The primary end-points were nonfatal myocardial infarction and total mortality.

RESULTSCompared to placebo group, the incidence of cardiac events was reduced by 44.0% (P<0.0001) and 47.4% (P<0.0001) respectively in CHD patients with or without hypertension, and the total mortality was lowered by 35.8% (P=0.0012) and 28.6% (P=0.0737) respectively in CHD patients with or without hypertension. There was no significant difference in side effects between study groups.

CONCLUSIONXuezhikang can reduce the cardiac events and mortality in CHD patients with or without hypertension.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Lipids ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo establish the rat model of acute spinal cord injury, followed by aprimary study on this model with ¹H NMR based on metabonomics and to explore the metabonomics and biomarkers of spinal cord injury rat.

METHODSTwenty eight-week-old adult male SD rats of clean grade, with body weight of (200±10) g, were divided into sham operation group and model group in accordance with the law of random numbers, and every group had 10 rats. The rats of sham operation group were operated without damaging the spinal cord, and rats of model group were made an animal model of spinal cord incomplete injury according to the modified Allen's method. According to BBB score to observate the motor function of rats on the 1th, 5th, and 7th days after surgery. Postoperative spinal cord tissue was collected in order to pathologic observation at the 7th day, and the metabolic profilings of serum and spinal cord from spinal cord injury rats were studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.

RESULTSThe hindlimb motion of rats did not obviously change in sham operation group, there was no significant difference at each time point;and rats of model group occurred flaccid paralysis of both lower extremities, there was a significant difference at each time; there was significant differences between two groups at each time. Pathological results showed the spinal cord structure was normal with uniform innervation in shame group, while in model group, the spinal cord structure was mussy, and the neurons were decreased, with inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. Analysis of metabonomics showed that concentration of very low density fat protein (VLDL), low density fat protein (LDL), glutamine, citric acid, dimethylglycine (DMG) in the serum and glutathione, 3-OH-butyrate, N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glutamic acid, and ascorbate in spinal cord had significant changes(<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are significant differences in metabolic profile from serum and spinal cord sample between model group and sham operation group, it conduces to explain the changes of small molecular substances in serum and spinal cord tissue after spinal cord injury, this provides the research basis for targeted research on the role of metabolic markers in patients with acute spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the peptidylarginine deiminase IV (PADI4) and HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) alleles with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in a Chinese population.

METHODSFour exonic SNPs of the PADI4 gene (PADI 4_89*A/G, PADI 4_90*C/T, PADI 4_92*C/G and PADI 4_104*C/T) were genotyped in 67 unrelated patients with RA and 81 healthy controls, using cDNA sequencing and T vector cloning. HLA-DRB 1*01, *04 and *10 subtypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP).

RESULTSThe distributions of the 4 SNPs were different in the two groups, and increased RA susceptibility was significantly associated with the minor alleles of PADI 4_89*G (P was 0.023), PADI 4_90*T (P was 0.004), PADI 4_104*T (P was 0.003), and the haplotypes carrying the 4 minor alleles (P was 0.008). HLA-DRB1 SE alleles are composed of HLA-DRB 1*0101, *0102, *0401, *0404, *0405, *0408, *0409, *0410 and *1001. Individuals carrying the SE alleles were associated with increased RA susceptibility (P was 0.002). Individuals carrying both the SE alleles and minor alleles of the 4 SNPs were more susceptible to RA than individuals carrying neither the minor SNP alleles nor the SE alleles.

CONCLUSIONThe PADI4 SNPs and haplotypes are associated with RA susceptibility in Chinese. HLA-DRB1 shared epitope is also an important risky factor for RA. There may exist certain synergistic effect between the PADI4 minor alleles and the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Epitopes ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Hydrolases ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein-Arginine Deiminases

Objective　To investigate the effect of rapid fluid replacement on hemorheology in delayed resuscitation after burn. Methods　A total of 32 dogs inflicted with 40%TBSA full thickness scalding were randomly divided into 4 groups: scald control group(C group), delayed Gelofusion even replacement group (GE group), rapid fluid replacement group (GR group), and delayed plasma rapid fluid replacement group (PR group). The femoral arterial pressure, viscosity of blood and plasma, packed cell volume and aggregation of RBC were detected at the intervals of before and 2, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after scalding. Results　The viscosity of blood markedly increased at 2 hours after scalding, and the hemorheology parameters decreased after fluid resuscitation. The hemorheologic parameters were obviously lower in GR group than in GE group at 2 hours after rapid resuscitation, the viscosity of blood and RBC aggregation in GR group were obviously lower than those in PR group. Conclusion　Under the condition of delayed resuscitation after burn, rapid fluid replacement can quickly decreased the state of blood high viscosity and may play a role in improving microcirculation and treating burn shock.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic mechanism of point 8L54-through-point ST2S acupuncture with elongate needles in treating urinary retention after spinal cord injury.

METHODSThirty-five healthy Japanese rabbits (weight 2.5 +/- 0.25 kg, 3 months old, male or female), used as experimental subjects, were divided into 4 groups involving blank group, model group, acupuncture group, elongate needles group (5 rabbits in blank group, 10 rabbits in each of the other group 10). Modified Allen's method was used to cause spinal cord injury model for the model group, the acupuncture group and the elongate needles group, the blank group was only sham surgery. Immediately after spinal cord injury model,the elongated needle group was given the bilateral acupoints of the elongated needle penetration needling and electric stimulation, electrical stimulation 15 mm stimulation frequency of 20 to 40 times/mm, intensity 1.5 to 3 V the acupuncture group immediately was given ordinary electric needle acupuncture, given other disposals as the elongated needle group; model group was not given electric needle acupuncture, waiting 15 minutes, started to detect and record the observed indicator as the elongated needle group; the blank group was only sham surgery. The following indicators including the Tarlov score ,urinary bladder pressure point, the threshold urination, voided volume, were observed in the first day and the fifth day after surgery.

RESULTSThree groups of animals which modeled were urinary retention after operation. Compared to 1 d, Tarlov score of model group, acupuncture group and elongate needles group significantly improved at postoperative 5 d (P < 0.05). Compared with acupuncture group, the Tarlov score of elongate needles group had no significant difference at postoperative 5 d (P > 0.05). Compared with model group, values of urinary bladder pressure point decreased with varying degrees in the acupuncture group and elongate needles group at postoperative 5 d (P < 0.05); relative to the acupuncture group, the point of the bladder voiding pressure in the elongate needles group decreased more significantly at postoperative 5 d (P < 0.05); compared with model group, micturition threshold of acupuncture group and elongate needles group had been significantly improved at the fifth day after surgery (P < 0.05); relative to the acupuncture group, the improvement is more obvious in the elongate needles group. Compared with model group, voided volume of acupuncture group and elongate needles group had increased significantly at the fifth day after surgery (P < 0.05); relative to the acupuncture group, the increment is more evident in the elongate needles group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTo treat urinary retention after spinal cord injury, the method, which was point-through-point acupuncture with elongate needles in the "Zhibian" and "Shuidao", was better than general acupuncture method. The therapeutic mechanism may be related to stimulate peripheral nerve of bladder, and to rectify the dysfunction between detrusor and sphincter.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Male ; Rabbits ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; complications ; Urinary Retention ; etiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo elucidate whether lipid-lowering therapy with Xuezhikang can induce a decrease of cardiac events and an attenuation of total mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with diabetes.

METHODSWe designed a random, double-blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial in selected 591 patients. All patients were administrated with capsule Xuezhikang (0.6 g, Bid) or placebo in addition to conventional therapy. The mean follow-up period was four years. The primary end-points were nonfatal myocardial infarction and death from CHD.

RESULTS(1) The incidence of CHD events and that of death from CHD were reduced by 50.8% (P = 0.0008) and by 44.1% (P = 0.0246) in treatment group, respectively; Also, the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction was reduced by 63.8% (P = 0.0151). (2) The incidence of stroke, tumor, and PCI/CABG were decreased by 20.2%. (3) The total mortality were lowered by 44.1% in treatment group (P = 0.0097).

CONCLUSIONXuezhikang can effectively reduce the incidence of cardiac events and total mortality in CHD patients with diabetes.

Aged ; China ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Secondary Prevention

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) on silent myocardial ischemia (SMI).

METHODSForty patients with SMI were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group and a medicine group, 20 cases in each group. The Electroacupuncture group was treated with electroacupuncture and Neiguan (PC 6) was selected as the main acupoint, and the other acupoints were selected by syndrome differentiation. The medicine group was treated with oral administration of compound Danshen dripping pill. The total effective rate, heart rate, blood pressure and dynamic electrocardiogram in 24 h were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of 95.0% (19/20) in the electroacupuncture group was better than that of 75.0% (15/20) in the medicine group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the two groups were decreased significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and the electroacupuncture group was superior to the medicine group (all P < 0.05). The SMI duration and the number of ST segment depression were decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and the electroacupuncture group was superior to the medicine group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) has a good therapeutic effect on SMI. It can decrease the heart rate and blood pressure, reduce the afterload in left ventricular and is superior to that of compound Danshen dripping pill.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome