Abstract? AIM: To analysis the relation of severity of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with the levels of amino acids and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in the serum and in subretinal fluid.? METHODS: Forty -eight patients ( 52 eyes ) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated in our hospital were selected.According to the degree of retinal detachment, patients were divided into <1/2 quadrant group, 1/2-3/4 quadrant group and>3/4 quadrant group. Fifty-five healthy objects for physical examination in our hospital were selected as the control group, to compare the differences of amino acids and VEGF levels in the serum.Correlation analysis on VEGF levels and amino acids in the serum and in subretinal fluid among patients with different grades of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was conducted.? RESULTS: In patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, the tryptophan in serum was 28.59±4.46mg/L, phenylalanine 8.95 ±2.55mg/L, methionine 8.15 ±2.17mg/L, valine 28.62 ±5.29mg/L, histidine 18.96 ±1.85mg/L and VEGF 589.92 ±185.34μg/L, which were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of phenylalanine was 9.85 ±1.21mg/L, histidine 20.63 ±2.07mg/L and VEGF 718.69 ± 283.34μg/L in the subretinal fluid of>3/4 quadrant group, which were significantly higher than those in the <1/2 quadrant group and 1/2-3/4 quadrant group ( P<0.05). VEGF in the subretinal fluid of VEGF in the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment group were positively correlated with phenylalanine (r=0.542, P<0.001), and histidine (r=0.782, P<0.001).?CONCLUSION: The levels of amino acids and VEGF in the subretinal fluid of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was higher than those in normals and increased with the severity of retinal detachment.

Objective To investigate the expression of CDX2 in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric cancer,and its relationship with Helicobacter Pylori (H.pylori) infection.Methods The expressions of CDX2 protein were detected with immunohistochemical method in 42 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG),46 cases of CAG with IM,34 cases of paracancerous IM and 50 cases ofgastric cancer.The IM was divided into three subtypes by HID-AB staining:27 cases of IM Ⅰ,23 cases of IM Ⅱ,and 30 cases of IM Ⅲ.H.pylori infection was detected with one minute rapid urease test,serum H,pylori IgG of ELISA method and HE staining in 80 caese of IM,which were divided into 46 cases of H.pylori-posi-tive groups and 34 cases of H.pylori-negative groups.Results The positive rates of H.pylori infection in IM Ⅰ,IM Ⅱ andIM Ⅲ were 66.67％,65.22％ and 43.34％,respectively,and there was no significant difference among different subtypes ofIM (x2=3.953,P＞0.05).The positive rates of CDX2 expression in IM Ⅰ,IM Ⅱ and IM Ⅲ were 85.19％,69.57％ and 36.67％,respectively,and IM Ⅲ were significant lower than IM Ⅰ,IM Ⅱ (x2 =13.899,P＜0.001;x2 =5.638,P=0.018),and there was no significant difference between IM Ⅰ and IM Ⅱ.Comparing of different types of IM group and gastric cancer group showed that the positive rates of CDX2 expression in IM Ⅰ,IM] were significant higher than in gastric cancer group (x2 =14.517,P＜0.001;x2 =5.509,P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between IM Ⅲ and gastric cancer group (x2 =0.088,P＞0.05).The positive rates of CDX2 expression in H.pylori-positive groups was significant higher than in H.pylori-negative groups in all of.IM (76.09％ vs 44.12％,x2 8.525,P=0.004).Comparing between different subtypes of IM showed that the positive rates of CDX2 expression in H.pylori-positive groups was significant higher than in H.pylori-negative groups in IM Ⅲ (P=0.023),but there was no significant difference between IM Ⅰ and IM Ⅱ (P＞0.05).There was also no significant difference of CDX2 expression between H.pylori-positive groups and H.pylori-negative groups in gastric cancer.Conclusion H.pylori infection may affect the progression of IM and gastric carcinogenesis by affecting the expression of CDX2 in different subtypes of IM.

Amiodarone ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscular Diseases ; chemically induced

Objective To observe the lumbosacral plexus nerves by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and quantitatively evaluate them by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in healthy volunteers.Methods A total of 60 healthy volunteers (30 males and 30 females) underwent DTI scanning.Mean FA values of the lumbosacral plexus nerves (both sides of lumbar roots L3 to S1,proximal and distal to the lumbar foraminal zone) were quantified.Differences among various segments of lumbar nerve roots were compared with ANOVA test and SNK test.Differences between two sides of the lumbar nerve roots at the same lumbar segment were compared with paired-samples t test.Differences between the proximal and the distal nerve to the the lumbar foraminal zone at the same lumbar segment were compared with paired-samples t test.The lumbosacral plexus nerve was visualized with tractography.Results (1) The lumbosacral plexus nerve was clearly visualized with tractography.(2) Mean FA values of the lumbar nerve roots L3 to S1 were as followings:proximal to the left lumbar foraminal zone 0.202 ± 0.021,0.201 ± 0.026,0.201 ± 0.027,0.191 ±0.016,distal to the left lumbar foraminal zone 0.222 ± 0.034,0.250 ± 0.028,0.203 ± 0.026,0.183 ± 0.020,proximal to the right lumbar foraminal zone 0.200 ± 0.023,0.202 ± 0.023,0.205 ± 0.027,0.191 ±0.017,distal to the right lumbar foraminal zone 0.225 ±0.032,0.247 ±0.027,0.205 ± 0.033,0.183 ±0.021.Mean FA values were significantly different between the proximal nerve to the distal nerve in lumbar nerve roots L3,L4,S1 (t =-9.114-2.366,P ＜ 0.05),but not significantly different in L5 (P ＞ 0.05).Differences were not found between the right and left side nerves at the same lumbar segment (P ＞ 0.05).(3) The whole length of the lumbar roots nerve L3 to S1 can be visualized clearly by using DTT.Conclusions Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography can show and provide quantitative information of human lumbosacral plexus nerves.DTI is a potential tool for the diagnosis of lumbosacral plexus nerve disease.

Objective Aimed to clarify the molecular mechanism after subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH） by investigating the expression of tight junction protein Claudin-5 and ZO-1 and the effects of SP600125 on them. Methods Seventy-five male Sprague Dawley rats （300 to 350 g） were randomly divided into sham,SAH,SAH ＋ DMSO （dimethyl sufoxide） solution,SAH ＋SP600125 （C-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor）10 mg/kg,and SAH ＋SP600125 30 mg/kg groups. The standard endovaseular perforation was performed to produce experimental SAH. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 was intraperitoneally administered at 1 hour before and 6 hours after SAH. Results At 24 hours after SAH,signs of microvessels injury were observed in brain cortex. Compared with the sham group,expression of Claudin-5 and ZO-1 was sig- nificantly decreased （P 〈 0.05 ）. JNK inhibitior SP600125 suppressed the decrease of Claudin-5 and ZO-1 expression, attenuated blood-brain barrier disruption in rats after SAH. Conclusions The blood-brain barrier disruption is an important mechanism of early brain injury after SAH. JNK inhibitor SP600125 improves neurological outcomes and provides neuropmtecfion against acute events after SAH such as bloodbrain barrier disruption and cell apoptosis.

Objective To analyse MMACHC mutations for 45 pedigrees with combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocyctinuria by Sanger sequencing, and to discuss the utility of prenatal genetic diagnosis for these pedigrees.Method Peripheral blood was collected from 45 probands and their parents from 2012-2015 in Genetic Counselling Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and the DNA were extracted from the blood.Then the coding sequence of MMACHC gene was amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were further sequenced to detect mutations for each pedigree.For 12 families, chorionic villus sampling was performed on the pregnant women to make prenatal genetic diagnosis.Result There were 14 distinct mutations detected in the 45 pedigrees, and the most frequent mutations are c.609G>A(W203X),c.658-660delAAG(K220del)and c.80A>G (Q27A).Two of those mutations have not been reported before:one is a splicing site mutation c.81+1G>A;while the other is a missense mutation c.665A>G,p.Y222C.Most mutations were found in exon 4.Among the 12 pedigrees who received prenatal diagnosis, 2 fetuses were normal, 7 fetuses were carriers of heterozygous mutation, and the other 3 fetuses were patients with compound heterozygous mutation or homozygous mutation.The couples whose fetuses were normal or carriers continued the gestation, while the couples whose fetuses were patients decided to terminate the pregnancy.After delivery, the outcome of the fetuses was the same as the prenatal diagnose results.Conclusion Two novel mutations of MMACHC were identified and prenatal genetic diagnosis helps to avoid the delivery of combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocyctinuria patients.

BACKGROUND: Absorbable material is a hotspot in orthopedics, which is biodegradable, avoids fixation residues and second surgical trauma compared with the traditional internal fixation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of K-wires, screws and absorbable rods for the internal fixation of Mason II-III radial head fractures.METHODS: Totally 45 patients with Mason Ⅱ-Ⅲ radial head fractures were collected from January 2010 to December 2015 admited in Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital and Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and were then divided into three groups (n=15 per group), followed by implanted with K-wires (group A), screws (group B)and absorbable rods (group C), respectively. The baseline data, operation time, blood loss, healing time, Mayo and Broberg-Morrey scores were compared among groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no significant differences in the baseline data, operation time, blood loss,and healing time among groups (P > 0.05). (2) The Mayo scores in the groups A, B, and C were (88.45±6.22),(92.37±5.60), and (90.82±6.58), respectively; the Broberg-Morrey scores in the groups A, B, and C group were ((90.82±6.83), (93.05±6.54), and (91.68±7.15), respectively; all above scores showed no significant differences among groups (P > 0.05). (4) The total incidence rate of complications in the groups A, B, and C was 20％ (2/15), 13％ (2/15),and 7％ (1/15) respectively, showing no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). (4) These results indicate that the absorbable rods can obtain satisfactory treatment outcomes for Mason II-III radial head fractures, which is equivalent to the traditional internal fixation. Moreover, it can avoid secondary operation for removing internal fixators and the adverse impact of stress shielding, so it is recommended to be used in clinic.

After the antidepressant patents were retrieved from Innography, their distribution, R& D level, hot spots and core patents were analyzed , which showed that the largest number of antidepressant patents was produced in USA, the medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients were the hot spots, the technological and economic strengths of Pfizer, Novo and Sanofi-Aventis were relatively tremendous.The law-suited patents, reex-amined patents and patent strength were mined.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of acute cholecystitis patients through laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods 387 cases of acute cholecystitis patients who underwent LC were studied retrospectively . Results Of the 387 cases, there were 359 cases of calculus incarcerated cholecystitis , 152 cases of cholecystitis with acute inflammatory symptoms for 72 h or more, 10 cases were converted to Laparotomy (2.6%).The operations lasted for 30~200 min(63.09 ±26.62 min on average),with blood loss about 10~500 mL(51.41 ±32.41 mL on average),and drainage was adopted in 183 cases.No complications developed fol-lowing the surgeries in 3 to 24 months, indicating a 100% cure rate. Conclusion If with good command of rules and techniques during LC operations , It is both safe and feasible to treat acute cholecystitis patients through LC operations .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,effectiveness and safety of Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system in guiding radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).Methods The clinical data of a total of 28 patients with PSVT (Carto group),who received RFA guided by Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system during the period from March 2015 to February 2016,were retrospectively collected.Other 36 parents with PSVT,who received fluoroscopy-guided RFA during the period from March 2014 to February 2015,were collected as control group.The X-ray irradiation time,success rate of operation,operation time,complication and recurrence rate were calculated and the results were compared between the two groups.Results The mean fluoroscopy time in Carto group was (2.6±2.3) min,which was significantly less than (15.8±9.5) min in the control group (P＜0.001),and among them zero X-ray irradiation was obtained in 8 patients who had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT).The operation success rates of Carto group and the control group were 100％ (28/28) and 94.4％ (35/36) respectively (P＞0.05).The operation time in Carto group and the control group was (162.7±34.4) min and (149.4±46.2) min respectively (P＞0.05).In Carto group no any complications occurred,and in the control group one patient with AVNRT developed transient degree Ⅱ atrioventricular block during ablation process.All patients were followed up for 6 months,and no recurrence was observed in all patients of both groups.Conclusion For the treatment of PSVT,RFA guided by Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is safe and effective,it can significantly reduce the X-ray irradiation time,even zero X-ray radiation in some AVNRT patients,meanwhile,this technique does not increase operation time and operation risk.