Objective To establish the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) model in SD rats and to investigate if endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Methods A total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group 1(N1,n=8), normal control group 2 (N2,n=8), model group 1(M1,n=10) and model group 2(M2,n=10). The two control groups were fed with normal diets, whereas the two model groups were provided diets enriched in fat (10% lard oil and 2% cholesterol). The rats in N1 and M1 groups were sacrificed at the 12th week, and those in N2 and M2 groups were sacrificed at the 20th week. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured. The steatosis, immflamation and fibrosis of the liver were observed with HE and Masson staining. The expressions of GRP78, CHOP and procaspase-12 mRNA were tested using real-time PCR and the activation of procaspase-12 protein was detected by Western blot. Results At the 12th week, the liver index and the serum levels of ALT, AST,ALP,TP,TC,LDL in M1 group were significantly higher than those in N1 group (P<0.01), but HDL level was significantly lower in M1 group than that in N1 group (P<0.01). At the 20th week, the concentrations of TC and LDL in M2 group were significantly increased in comparison with N2 group. The histochemical study revealed that the hepatic steatosis and inflammation in M1 and M2 groups were more serious than those in N1 and N2 goups(P<0.01). The slight fibrosis was seen in M2 group. At the 12th and 20th weeks, the expressions of GRP78,CHOP and procaspase-12 mRNA and protein in M1 and M2 groups did not differ in N1 and N2 groups. Conclusions The fat-rich diet might successfully induce NAFLD in rats and there is no ERS observed in the study, which suggests that ERS may not be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

BACKGROUND: Absorbable material is a hotspot in orthopedics, which is biodegradable, avoids fixation residues and second surgical trauma compared with the traditional internal fixation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of K-wires, screws and absorbable rods for the internal fixation of Mason II-III radial head fractures.METHODS: Totally 45 patients with Mason Ⅱ-Ⅲ radial head fractures were collected from January 2010 to December 2015 admited in Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital and Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and were then divided into three groups (n=15 per group), followed by implanted with K-wires (group A), screws (group B)and absorbable rods (group C), respectively. The baseline data, operation time, blood loss, healing time, Mayo and Broberg-Morrey scores were compared among groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no significant differences in the baseline data, operation time, blood loss,and healing time among groups (P > 0.05). (2) The Mayo scores in the groups A, B, and C were (88.45±6.22),(92.37±5.60), and (90.82±6.58), respectively; the Broberg-Morrey scores in the groups A, B, and C group were ((90.82±6.83), (93.05±6.54), and (91.68±7.15), respectively; all above scores showed no significant differences among groups (P > 0.05). (4) The total incidence rate of complications in the groups A, B, and C was 20％ (2/15), 13％ (2/15),and 7％ (1/15) respectively, showing no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). (4) These results indicate that the absorbable rods can obtain satisfactory treatment outcomes for Mason II-III radial head fractures, which is equivalent to the traditional internal fixation. Moreover, it can avoid secondary operation for removing internal fixators and the adverse impact of stress shielding, so it is recommended to be used in clinic.

OBJECTIVETo assess lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural modifications in rat brains following perinatal exposure to lead (Pb) and/or cadmium (Cd).

METHODSFemale rats were divided into four groups: control group, Pb (300 mg/L) group, Cd group (10 mg/L) and Pb+Cd (300 mg/L, 10 mg/L) group. The compounds were delivered in the drinking water throughout pregnancy and lactation.

RESULTSThe levels of compounds in blood and brain of the Pb+Cd group were similar to those of other groups, but the effects of Pb+Cd on pups' body and brain weights were higher than on other compounds. Electron microscopy revealed that Pb and Cd had effects on mitochondrial swelling, disruption and cristae loss, Nissl body dissolution, degenerated organelles and vacuoles, cytomembrane disappearance, and nuclear chromoplasm concentration. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was decreased, whereas the activity of maleic dialdehyde (MDA) was increased.

CONCLUSIONPerinatal exposure to low doses of Pb and Cd can produce alterations in lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural modifications in rat brains, and exposure to both metals can result in greater damages.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Environmental Pollutants ; toxicity ; Female ; Lead ; toxicity ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Water

Objective To study the feasibility and clinical values of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT)in the spinal cord at 3.0 T MR.Methods Forty patients with spinal cord compression including cervical cord herniation and cervical spondylosis(30 cases),tumors in spinal canal(9 cases)and old injury in cervical vertebrae(1 cases)and 20 healthy volunteers participated in this study.Single-shot spin- echo echo-planar diffusion tensor sequence for tractography of the spinal cord was performed.The fibers of spinal cord were visualized by using fiber tracking software.Results On the DTT maps,the normal spinal cord was depicted as a fiber tract showing color-encoded cephaloeaudally,which indicated anisotropy in the cephalocaudal direction.By setting two ROI,the main spinal cord fiber tracts,such as corticospinal or spinothalamic tract,were visualized.The tracts from two sides of the brain did not completely cross.It was asymmetric in the number of tracts on the two sides in most normal subjects(8/10).The tracts of all patients with cord compression were seen oppressed or damaged in different degrees.The DrrT in patients with cervical spondylosis and extramedullary-intradural neurolemmoma demonstrated that tracts were oppressed but not damaged.The DTT in one ependymoma showed that tract was markedly compressed and slightly damaged.Conclusion DTT is a promising tool for demonstrating the spinal cord tracts and abnormalities,can provide useful information for the localization of compression and evaluation of the impairment extent on the white matter tracts of the spinal cord.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism underlying the biological function of lncRNA PTENP1 in bladder cancer.

METHODSExpressions of PTENP1, PTEN and miR-17 were examined by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) in 12 bladder cancer tissues. The expression of PTEN was examined by Western blotting in bladder cancer cell lines T24 and 5637 overexpressing PTENP1. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the targeting of miR-17 to PTENP1 and PTEN. T24 and 5637 cell lines with stable overexpression of PTENP1 and mir-17 were used to investigate effect of PTNE and miR-17 on the function of PTENP1 in bladder cancer.

RESULTSThe expression of miR-17 was up-regulated and PTENP1 and PTEN were down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues, where a positive correlation was found between PTENP1 and PTEN expressions and a negative correlation between PTENP1 and miR-17 (P<0.05). Overexpression of PTENP1 in bladder cancer cell lines T24 and 5637 obviously enhanced the expression of PTEN protein. miR-17 was found to target both PTENP1 and PTEN and promote the growth of bladder cancer. miR-17 could partially restore the tumor-suppressing activity of PTENP1 in bladder cancer.

CONCLUSIONBy binding with miR-17, lncRNA PTENP1 functions as a PTEN competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to suppress the progression of bladder cancer.

192 samples of Masked Palm Civet (Paguma Larvata) from Guangdong Province were inoculated in Vero-E6 cells. One sample which came from masked palm Civet didn't cause cytopathic effects (CPE) until fourth-passage on Vero-E6 cells. Infected cells emerged granulating, shrinking, rounding and falling off. After three times freeze-thaw, cells and culture medium were harvested for electron microscopy. Virus particles were nonenveloped, double capsid and icosahedral symmetry. This virus was designated Masked Palm Civet/China/2004 (MPC/04). Hemagglutination test indicated that the virus could agglutinate healthy human type O red cells, but not the red cells of SPF chicken, experimental common bovine, rat and guinea pig. This virus was tolerant to chloroform treatment, pH 3.0 and water bath 50 degrees C 1 h. 1 M MgCl2 treatment could enhance resistance of virus to heat and increase infectivity. In order to classify the strain on the molecular level, specific primers according to mammalian reovirus were used for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Appropriate specific products were amplified by RT-PCR. NCBI BLAST analysis indicated that this segment shared the highest identity to mammalian reovirus serotype 1 (T1L) virus. So we can deduce this virus is a member of the Reoviridae.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cats ; virology ; Cattle ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Reoviridae ; classification ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo analyze the genetic characteristics of two rabies virus isolates from Henan province and to compare their relations hip with known rabies virus isolates and vaccine strains.

METHODSRabies viral antigens were detected in 100 canine brains by immunofluorescence assay method. Rabies virus was isolated through inoculating the suspensions of positive brains into suckling mice. N gene and G were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for the analysis on genetic characteristics of rabies virus.

RESULTSTwo rabies virus strains were isolated (Henan Hb1 and Henan Sq1). Data from sequential comparison revealed that the nucleotide and amino acid identities of N and G gene between the two isolates were 99.3% and 98.9%, and 98.7% and 98.4% respectively. The two isolates were more closely related to CTN, with the homogeny of N gene and G gene as 89.1% and 85.6%-85.7% at the nucleotide level, but 97.6%-98.0% and 92.3% at the amino acid level respectively, than to other vaccine strains. When comparing with other known viruses including Chinese isolates, the two stains shared closer identity with the isolates from Indonesia, and the rates of homogeny of N and G gene were 92.1%-93.2% and 91.9%-92.1% at the nucleotide level, 97.5%-98.6% and 96.0%-96.2% at the amino acid level, respectively. Data from the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that some amino acid residues including the residues in the N and G antigenic sites were substituted in the two isolates. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that the two isolates were also more closely related to the strains from Indonesia and vaccine strain CTN than to any other known street viruses and vaccine strains.

CONCLUSIONBoth Henan Hbl and Henan Sql belonged to genotype 1. However, the N and G gene diverged from known street viruses and vaccine strains at either nucleotide level or amino acid level.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain ; virology ; China ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Dogs ; virology ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; Mice ; Phylogeny ; Rabies Vaccines ; Rabies virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

This study aims to investigate the effect of down-regulation of miR-205-5p by transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor on the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to cisplatin (DDP) induced apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-205-5p in HNE1 or HNE1/DDP cells. The expression level of miR-205-5p was analyzed after transfecting HNE1/DDP cells with miR-205-5p inhibitor. MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of DDP alone or in combination with miR-205-5p inhibitor on the proliferation of HNE1/DDP or HNE1 cells. Apoptosis of cells treated with miR-205-5p inhibitor alone or in combination with DDP (8 μmol·L^-1) was assessed using flow cytometry with PI staining, with the nucleus was counterstained with DAPI staining. The expression of Bax, Bak, Mcl-1, or Bcl-2 was analyzed by Western blot. HNE1/DDP cells showed a high level of expression of miR-205-5p, and the expression of miR-205-5p was significantly decreased by transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor. Down-regulation of miR-205-5p significantly increased the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to DDP (P<0.05). Transfection of miR-205-5p inhibitor enhanced the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to DDP induced apoptosis. Treatment of HNE1/DDP cells with miR-205-5p inhibitor combined with DDP (8 μmol·L^-1) for 24 h resulted in an apoptotic rate of 28.93% ± 2.50%, significantly higher than that treated with miR-205-5p inhibitor (9.83% ± 1.31%) or DDP alone (10.83% ± 1.70%) (P<0.05). DAPI staining showed that HNE1/DDP cell nucleus became significantly condensed and fragmented in miR-205-5p inhibitor combined with DDP group. The combined group up-regulated the expression of Bax and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 in HNE1/DDP cells. Therefore, down-regulation of miR-205-5p can enhance the sensitivity of HNE1/DDP cells to cisplatin induced apoptosis, and the mechanism may involve up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression.

Objective:To investigate the effect of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) bridging to chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy for follicular lymphoma (FL) transformed to B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-LBL).Methods:The diagnosis and treatment of 1 patient with FL transformed to B-LBL admitted to the First Hospital of Soochow University in August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and the literature was reviewed.Results:The male patient was 65 years old, and was diagnosed as FL (stage Ⅳ group A, FL international prognostic index -1 score 3 points, high-risk group) in August 2020. And then he was given 6 courses of RB (rituximab combined with bendamustine) regimen, with complete remission (CR) at mid-term and end-stage PET-CT, followed by regular maintenance therapy with rituximab every 2 months, and disease progressed after 4 courses of maintenance therapy. According to the results of histopathology and bone marrow aspiration in December 2021, he was diagnosed B-LBL involving the bone marrow. Partial remission was achieved after induction therapy with zanubnulindb combined with hyper CVAD (cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin + vindesine + dexamethasone) regimen, followed by auto-HSCT bridging to CAR-T treatment targeting CD19 and CD22, which proceeded smoothly with cytokine release syndrome grade 0, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome grade 0. The patient successfully underwent hematopoietic reconstruction and orally taken ibrutinib after discharge. PET-CT indicated CR 2 months after transplantation and he was still in disease-free survival state.Conclusions:The prognosis of FL transformed to B-LBL is poor, and auto-HSCT bridging to CAR-T can improve the prognosis and prolong the survival time of patients who cannot undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Aim To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two osmotic pump tablets of hydrochloride venlafaxine in Chinese healthy volunteers.Methods The fed test each enrolled twenty-six Chinese healthy volunteers in a randomized-sequence, open-label, two-period crossover single-dose oral test and reference preparations of hydrochloride venlafaxine extended-release tablets.The plasma concentrations of venlafaxine and its active metabolites O-desmethylvenlafaxine were determined by a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method, and the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioequivalence of the two tablets were analyzed using PhoenixTM WinNonlin 6.4 software.Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of venlafaxine after single dose for the test and reference tablets were as follows: Cmax(58.50±19.47)vs(60.14±22.18)μg•L-1, AUC0-t(1 074.1±526.7)vs(1 057.9±539.7)μg•h•L-1, AUC0-∞(1 084.7±536.8)vs(1 067.8±554.0)μ g•h•L-1.The pharmacokinetic parameters of O-desmethylvenlafaxine were as follows: Cmax(101.63±29.64)vs(101.45±31.62)μg•L-1, AUC0-t(2 694.0±834.5)vs(2 702.9±946.4)μg• h•L-1, AUC0-∞(2 753.9±885.5)vs(2 753.2±988.4)μg•h•L-1.The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ for the test preparation and the reference preparationwere all within the equivalent interval of 80.00%-125.00%.Conclusion The test and reference preparations of hydrochloride venlafaxine extended-release tablets are bioequivalent in Chinese healthy volunteers under fed conditions.