Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Electric Stimulation ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits ; Resuscitation ; methods

Animals ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rabbits

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,effectiveness and safety of Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system in guiding radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).Methods The clinical data of a total of 28 patients with PSVT (Carto group),who received RFA guided by Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system during the period from March 2015 to February 2016,were retrospectively collected.Other 36 parents with PSVT,who received fluoroscopy-guided RFA during the period from March 2014 to February 2015,were collected as control group.The X-ray irradiation time,success rate of operation,operation time,complication and recurrence rate were calculated and the results were compared between the two groups.Results The mean fluoroscopy time in Carto group was (2.6±2.3) min,which was significantly less than (15.8±9.5) min in the control group (P＜0.001),and among them zero X-ray irradiation was obtained in 8 patients who had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT).The operation success rates of Carto group and the control group were 100％ (28/28) and 94.4％ (35/36) respectively (P＞0.05).The operation time in Carto group and the control group was (162.7±34.4) min and (149.4±46.2) min respectively (P＞0.05).In Carto group no any complications occurred,and in the control group one patient with AVNRT developed transient degree Ⅱ atrioventricular block during ablation process.All patients were followed up for 6 months,and no recurrence was observed in all patients of both groups.Conclusion For the treatment of PSVT,RFA guided by Carto3 three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is safe and effective,it can significantly reduce the X-ray irradiation time,even zero X-ray radiation in some AVNRT patients,meanwhile,this technique does not increase operation time and operation risk.

Objective To investigate the techniques and influence factors for the respiratory navigator echo triggered whole-heart coronary MR angiography(WH-CMRA)and evaluate its application in visualizing coronary arteries and the image quality.Methods Ninety two volunteers were acquired with WH-CMRA at 3 T MR scanner using respiratory navigator-echo gated TFE sequence.Imaging quality was visually graded as 0—Ⅳ grade according to the visual inspection,average length,diameter and sharpness of coronary arteries.The correlation between the imaging quality and respiratory pattern,heart rate and navigator efficiency was analyzed.Results The imaging quality in 92 cases was that 28 were graded as Ⅳ, 53 were graded as Ⅲ,9 were graded as Ⅱ and 2 were graded as Ⅰ.The successful rate of scan was 88% (81/92).The imaging quality is mainly graded as Ⅳ when the heart rate was less than 75 beats per minute (bpm)and the sharpness of vessel was(48?11)%.When heart rate was more than 75 bpm,the image quality was mostly graded as Ⅲ and the sharpness was(33?15)%.The correlation between heart rate and imaging quality score was negative(r=-0.726,P0.05).Conclusion 3 T WH-CMRA technique could facilitated the visualization of whole coronary arteries at free breathing but having indications on heart rate.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of medial patellofemoral ligament(MPFL)reconstruction combined with the com-prehensive surgery of anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer and distal shift in the treatment of recurrent patellar instability.Methods The clin-ical data of 60 patients(60 affected knees)with recurrent patellar instability who were admitted to the orthopedics department of Mianyang central hospital in Sichuan Province from April 2012 to September 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were examined with knee arthroscopy,lower extremity X-ray,CT and MRI,and they were treated with MPFL reconstruction combined with anteromedial tibial tu -bercle transfer and distal shift comprehensive surgery.All patients were followed up for at least 1 year after operation.The physical indexes, imaging examination indexes and evaluation results of knee function were analyzed before operation and at the last follow -up.Results The follow-up of 60 patients showed that the results of fear test were negative,results of patellar tilt test were symmetrical,and the Q angle re-turned to normal.The activities of flexion and extension were significantly improved,and there was no fractures or dislocation of the patella. Imaging examination showed that the patellofemoral joint was well positioned.At the last follow-up,the patellofemoral congruence angle,de-gree of patellar out-shift and lateral patellar angle of the 60 patients were significantly decreased,and the tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove dis-tance(TT-TG)was also significantly decreased,the differences were significant(P<0.05),and they basically returned to the normal range. At the last follow-up,the Lysholm score and Kujala score were significantly higher than those before operation,the differences were significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of MPFL reconstruction combined with anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer and distal shift com -prehensive surgery is satisfying in the treatment of recurrent patellar instability,which has great significance for relieving symptoms and resto-ring the function of the knee.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of pioglitazone on transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) expression in ischemia/reperfusion injury myocardium of rats.

METHODSThirty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): ischemia/reperfusion group, pioglitazone 5 mg/(kg x d) group, pioglitazone 10 mg/(kg x d) group, pioglitazone 20 mg/(kg x d) group and pioglitazone 20 mg/(kg x d) + peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) specific antagonist GW9662 group. Left anterior descending coronary artery of rats were ligated for 30 min and reperfused for 120 min to establish the model of ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of TGFbeta1 mRNA. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of TGFbeta1 protein.

RESULTSMyocardial apoptosis was significantly suppressed by pioglitazone. Pioglitazone upregulated TGFPbeta1 expression both in mRNA and protein level. GW9662 reversed the inhibition of myocardial apoptosis and the upregulation of TGFbeta1 expression by pioglitazone.

CONCLUSIONPioglitazone can inhibit the myocardial apoptosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion. Pioglitazone may protect the myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion via upregulation of TGFbeta1. This protection may be mediated by PPARgamma.

Anilides ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the change of paeonol and paeoniflorin, the two major active ingredients contained in Cortex Moutan cultivated in Dianjiang county of Chongqing, due to the change of some influence factors, and explore suitable plant conditions and quality cotrol methods of Cortex Moutan.

METHODPaeonol and paeoniflorin were determined by HPLC in samples from Dianjiang.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe ratio of paeonol and paeoniflorin in Cortex Moutan was regularly influenced by altitude, the growth years and harvest time. Cortex could be cultivated at altitude of 400 m to 800 m but 600 m is the best aria because of the peak of the percentage composition of paeonol and paeoniflorin at 600 m. The first and middle third of October in the fifth year is the best picking time of Cortex Moutan because of the maximum of the percentage composition of paeonol and paeoniflorin.

Acetophenones ; analysis ; Altitude ; Benzoates ; analysis ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; analysis ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Monoterpenes ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seasons ; Soil

Objective To study the feasibility and clinical values of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT)in the spinal cord at 3.0 T MR.Methods Forty patients with spinal cord compression including cervical cord herniation and cervical spondylosis(30 cases),tumors in spinal canal(9 cases)and old injury in cervical vertebrae(1 cases)and 20 healthy volunteers participated in this study.Single-shot spin- echo echo-planar diffusion tensor sequence for tractography of the spinal cord was performed.The fibers of spinal cord were visualized by using fiber tracking software.Results On the DTT maps,the normal spinal cord was depicted as a fiber tract showing color-encoded cephaloeaudally,which indicated anisotropy in the cephalocaudal direction.By setting two ROI,the main spinal cord fiber tracts,such as corticospinal or spinothalamic tract,were visualized.The tracts from two sides of the brain did not completely cross.It was asymmetric in the number of tracts on the two sides in most normal subjects(8/10).The tracts of all patients with cord compression were seen oppressed or damaged in different degrees.The DrrT in patients with cervical spondylosis and extramedullary-intradural neurolemmoma demonstrated that tracts were oppressed but not damaged.The DTT in one ependymoma showed that tract was markedly compressed and slightly damaged.Conclusion DTT is a promising tool for demonstrating the spinal cord tracts and abnormalities,can provide useful information for the localization of compression and evaluation of the impairment extent on the white matter tracts of the spinal cord.

BACKGROUNDNeuropathic pain results from a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system at either the peripheral or central level. The transmission of nociception within the central nervous system is subject to modulation by release and reuptake of neurotransmitters, which maintain a dynamic balance through the assembly and disassembly of the SNARE complex as well as a series of neurotransmitter transporters (inhibitory GABA transporters GAT and excitatory glutamate transporters GT). Neuronal hyper-excitability or defected inhibition involved in neuropathic pain is one of the outcomes caused by imbalanced neurotransmission. SNAP-25, which is one of the SNARE complexes, can modulate the release of neurotransmitters. Glia glutamate transporter (GLT) is one of the two glutamate transporters which account for most synaptic glutamate uptake in the CNS. The role of SNAP-25 and GLT as well as GAT is not clearly understood.

METHODSWe used the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model for research, and degraded SNAP-25 by a single intrathecal administration of BoNT/A. The mechanical (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were tested. The level of SNAP-25, GLT, and GAT-1 were assayed using RT-PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSSNAP-25 was suppressed by a single intrathecal administration of 0.01U BoNT/A and the reduction of SNAP- 25 was correlated with the relief of nociceptive responses in CCI rats. MWT and TWL returned to normal from the 5th to 14th day (P < 0.05) after the administration. On the 14th day after surgery, compared to the sham group, the upregulation of SNAP-25 in CCI rats was reversed after BoNT/A treatment (P < 0.05). The decreased GLT was reversed after BoNT/A treatment but increased GAT-1 was not influenced by BoNT/A treatment.

CONCLUSIONSSNAP-25 and GLT play important roles in the development of neuropathic pain, and the mechanism may involve the imbalance of neurotransmission after peripheral nerve injury. Intrathecal administration of BoNT/A reversed the upregulation of SNAP-25 and downregulation of GLT after CCI, but had no significant effect on the expression of GAT-1.

Amino Acid Transport System X-AG ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Male ; Neuralgia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neuroglia ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Synaptic Transmission ; genetics ; physiology ; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo determine the efficacy of 2% mepivacaine in conservative dentistry.

METHODSThe patients who needed cavity preparation or access to pulp chamber received local infiltration with 2% mepivacaine. Anesthesia time, anesthetic efficacy and cardiovascular system influences were assessed. 3% lidocaine with epinephrine served as control.

RESULTSIn experiment group, the anesthesia effects were quicker and anesthesia duration was longer than that in control group. Doctors highly appreciated the anesthetic efficacy. Two groups did not show any evident change in blood pressure and heart rate.

CONCLUSION2% mepivacaine is a safe and efficacious local anesthetic drug in conservative dentistry.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, Dental ; Anesthetics, Local ; Dental Pulp ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mepivacaine ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged