Objective:To investigate effects of short-term cigarette smoke exposure combined with poly(I:C)stimulation on lung immune response and interferon expression in mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,smoke group,poly(I:C)group and smoke combined poly(I:C)group.Total cell number and cell classification count of bronchoalveo-lar lavage fluid(BALF)were detected,and cell morphology was observed under ordinary light.Cytokines,chemokines,interferon and interferon stimulating genes expressions in lung tissues were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results:Compared with control group,total cell count,macrophage count and neutrophil count in smoke combined poly(I:C)group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and macrophage count was higher than that in poly(I:C)group.Macrophages of airway lavage fluid of mice in smoke combined with poly(I:C)group were larger in size,round or irregular in shape,and had more vacuoles in cytoplasm.Com-pared with control group,mRNA expressions of neutrophil chemokine CXCL1(P<0.05),CXCL2(P<0.01)and lymphocyte chemo-kine CCL2(P<0.01)in lung tissues of mice in smoke combined with poly(I:C)group were increased.IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α mRNA expressions were significantly increased(P<0.01),IFN-β(P<0.01),IFN-γ(P<0.05),MX2(P<0.01)and IP-10(P<0.01)expre-ssions in lung tissues were significantly increased,and compared with poly(I:C)group,mRNA expressions of CXCL2(P<0.05),TNF-α(P<0.01)and IFN-β(P<0.05)in lung tissues of mice in smoke combined with poly(I:C)group were significantly increased.Conclusion:Cigarette smoke combined with poly(I:C)induces lung inflammation and expressions of interferon and interferon stimu-lating genes in mice.Cigarette exposure also increases poly(I:C)-induced acute lung inflammation and type Ⅰ interferon expression in mice.

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differential diagnosis of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer . Methods Sixty-two cases breast cancer patients with 62 breast lesions confirmed as breast cancer by postoperative pathology were selected . Referencing of St . Gallen standard and according to immunohistochemical markers of estrogen receptor ( ER) ,progesterone receptor(PR)andhumanepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor2(Her-2)expression,allthecasesweredivided into Luminal epithelium A or B ( Luminal A/B) subtype( 26 patients ) ,Her-2 over-expression subtype( 16 patients) and triple negative ( TN ) subtype ( 20 patients ) . CEUS and routine ultrasonography were performed for all patients before surgery ,and the contrast enhancement patterns and perfusion parameters were recorded . Whether there was a difference between the contrast enhancement patterns and perfusion parameters in different subtypes of breast cancer was analyzed . Results ① The contrast enhancement pattern showed more radioactive gathering( 76 .9% , P ＜0 .05) ,lower perfusion(69 .2% , P ＜ 0 .05) ,and lower maximum intensity ( IMAX) in the Luminal epithelium subtype than those in the Her-2 over-expression subtype and the TN subtype(all P ＜0 .05) ;② The contrast enhancement pattern showed more cardiac enhancing (93 .8% , P ＜0 .05) ,perfusion defect(75 .0% , P ＜0 .05) ,and shorter peak time (TTP) in Her-2 over-expression subtype than those in the Luminal epithelium subtype and the TN subtype(all P ＜0 .05) ;③The pattern of the TN subtype contrast enhancement showed more clear boundary( 80 .0% ,P＜0 .05) ,comparing to the other two types ,the perfusion parameters was no significant different( P ＞0 .05). Conclusions Different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have different contrast enhancement patterns and perfusion parameters ,CEUS can provide valuable imaging information for the diagnosis of breast cancer molecular typing before surgery .