Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention and distraction therapy on pain of children undergoing venepuneture. Methods 200 children who underwent venepuncture were divided into group A(psychological intervention,100 cases)and group B(audiovisual distraction,100 cases).Children in group A were treated with psychological intervention such as praising, inspiring and hint, etc. Children in group B were provided with their favorite DVDs and made them to watch them during the puncture procedure. The compliance, success rate of venepuncture and grade of VAS(visual analogue scale)were scaled and analyzed. Results The compliance and Success rate of venepuncture in group A were not statistically different from those in group B(P＞0.05).The compliance was positively correlated with Success rate of venepuncture in both groups(r=0.34,P＜0.01).The scale of VAS showed no difference between group A and group B(t=0.52,P＞0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention and audiovisual distraction could alleviate pain of children undergoing venepuncture.

0.05)between left AF(238,36.62%)and right AF(220,33.85%).More HIZs(446,68.62%)were located in inferior AF than that of middle or superior AF.The motion segments from L3、4 to L5S1 were the region that the HIZ occurred frequently and it could present in single segment or multi-segment.In anterior AF,HIZs often occurred at L2、3 and/or L3、4 discs.Whereas,they usually developed at L4、5 and/or L5S1 in posterior AF. Conclusion The incidence rate of HIZ in lumbar disc is higher.Posterior and inferior AF of discs and lower motive segments have more risk of HIZs.It could develop in single motive segment or multi-segments at one time.

Objective To compare MSCT with routing X-ray, CT and appraise their applications to fractures in forensic identification. Methods366 cases which had got routing X-ray or CT examination were examined by thin slice scanning with MSCT and all of the data were processed with MPR, see-through and SSD method. Accurate diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis & underdiagnosis rate were calculated and analyzed by Chi-square test. ResultsThe accurate diagnosis rates of MSCT in nasal fracture, rib fracture, limb or joint fracture, orbital fracture and cranial fracture were higher than that of X-ray or routing CT (P0.05). The total accurate diagnosis rates of X-ray, routing CT and MSCT were 59.17%, 70.27% and 99.45%, respectively. There were significant differences (P

Objective To explore the role of geniposide (Gen) in the proliferation of pancreatic βcells and the cell signaling transduction pathway .Methods After INS-1 pancreatic βcell line was treated with indicated concentrations of Gen for 24 hours, the number of viable cells was measured with MTT assay , and the cell proliferation was evaluated with BrdU labeled method .Additionally , Western blotting was used to probe the phosphorylation of Akt 308 and FoxO1 induced by Gen.Results The number of INS-1 cells and BrdU labeled positive cells was increased by Gen .Moreover, the phospho-rylation of Akt308 and FoxO1 was induced , and the phosphorylation of FoxO 1 induced by Gen could be prevented in the presence of LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K kinase.Conclusion Gen induces the proliferation of INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and PI3K signal pathway plays an essential role in the phosphorylation of FoxO 1 induced by Gen.

Objective To provide a dimension calculating method of metacarpal and phalange bones with individual character for surgery and prosthesis design.Methods 102 X-ray films of pairs of healthy adult hands(52 male and 50 female) were measured and a mathematical relation model were described.Another 30 hands were put in a practice for further research.All of the data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results It was found that 98.98% items were positive correlation and their correlations were significant(r=0.157 ~0.925,P

This paper reported some problems in relation to the elderly renal transplant recipients.Before transplantation,hemodialysis,blood transfusion,water and electrolyte balance and corrections of acidosis.and treatment of diseases of the other systems should be emphasized.Method of treating the athe erotic change in the iliacartery during the operation,and selection of immunosuppressants and dosages were discussed.The prevention and treatment of the postoperative pulmonary infection,septicemia,steroid induct ulcerations of gestrointestinal tract and profound hemorrhage,serious diabetes mellitus and hypertensive encephalopathy after transplantation were also discussed in this paper.

Objective To explore the short-term and long-term effects ofapplication of Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopic Lithotripsy on the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Methods Eighty-threecases of hepatolithiasis were treated with the PTCSL and the other 87cases were treated with the Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy.The general clinical parameters , curative effect in the near future and long-term curative effect were anlyzed. Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in the general clinical parameters (P>0.05). The operation time,intraoperative blood transfusion volume and intraoperatve blood soss in group A were significantly shorter than those in group B(P<0.05, respectively). The original calculi residual rate was 2.4%, the eventually calculi residual rate was 4.8%and the recurrent cholangitis was4.8%in the model of PTCSL (Group A). The original calculi residual rate was 18.4%, the eventually calculi residual rate was 23.0% and the recurrent cholangitis was 23.0%in the model of Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy (Group B), with significant difference between these two groups (P<0.05). The calculi recurrence rate of group A was 12.0%,the calculi recurrence rate of group B was 22.9%,withno significant difference between these two group (P>0.05). No patients died in each group. The results of complications showed thatthe incidence of residual calculi of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (P<0.01). Conclusions Compared with the model of Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy, the PTCSL was more safe, minimally invasive and effective. The short-term efficacy of the model of PTCSL was better than that of the model of Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy.

Objective: To investigate the needs for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City, so as to provide the advice for improvements in training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City. Methods: A total of 1 802 staff were sampled from 108 grassroots healthcare institutions in four districts, four counties and one banner of Hohhot City using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Participants' demographics and five dimensions of training needs, including professional knowledge, professional skills, basic public health service guidelines, epidemiological survey and development of interventions, were collected through questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting the training demands were identified using a generalized linear mixed-effect model. Results: The respondents included 789 men (43.78%) and 958 individuals at ages of 31 to 50 years (53.16%). There were 1 379 respondents (76.53%) that wished to receive training on professional knowledge, 1 312 respondents (72.81%) that wished to receive training on professional skills, 1 012 respondents (56.16%) that wished to receive training on basic public health service guidelines, 333 respondents (18.48%) that wished to receive training on epidemiological survey and 206 respondents (11.43%) that wished to receive training on development of interventions. Participants at ages of 41 to 50 years and 61 years and older, participants with a specialty in nursing, and participants that worked on construction of resident archives and health management of patients with tuberculosis had higher demands for training on professional knowledge; participants that worked on construction of resident archives, children healthcare management and health management of patients with chronic diseases had higher demands for training on professional skills; participants with a specialty in general practice, preventive medicine and public health, participants that worked on construction of resident archives, health management of pregnant and lying-in women, health management of elderly people and health management of patients with severe mental disorders, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events had higher demands for training on basic public health service guidelines; participants that worked on vaccination, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events and assisted management of health and family planning supervision had higher demands for training on epidemiological surveys; participants that worked on health management of patients with chronic diseases, assisted management of health and family planning supervision, and participants with experiences of clinical practices had higher demands for training on development of interventions (all P<0.05). Conclusions The grassroots public health personnel have a high demand for license skill training in Hohhot City, and age-, specialty- and job-specific training is required.

Since Shaw et al,first reported the first case successfully treated by veno-venous bypass (VVB),there has been great controversy on the routine application of VVB during conventional liver transplantation and piggyback liver transplantation in recent decades.With the improvements on the surgical skills,surgical techniques and anesthesiology,only a small portion of patients have the indications for VVB in liver transplantation routinely.This article reviews the current publications in this topic,which may provide new insight into the liver transplantation in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the changes of saliva biochemical parameters in the dynamic evolution of “normal constitution - kidney deficiency constitution - kidney deficiency syndrome”.Methods Totally 24 male and female SD rats of 3 months old (12 male rats and 12 female rats) were put in packet pair cage. Pregnant rats were randomly divided intoⅠ andⅡ groups, 6 rats in each group.Ⅰ group was without intimidation during pregnancy, with normal feeding, and then after the birth, 20 rats were randomly selected as normal control group and kidney deficiency syndrome model group, 10 rats in each group, half male and half female.Ⅱ group, from gestation day 2, was given intimidation until postnatal. 10 half male and half female rats were randomly selected as model group of kidney deficiency constitution. Rats in each group received normal feeding conditions for 6 weeks. The kidney deficiency syndrome model group was given intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone 25 mg/kg body weight every day, while normal control group and kidney deficiency constitution model group were injected with the same amount of normal saline for 10 consecutive days. The changes of salivary biochemical parameters were observed in each group of rats.Results Compared with the normal control group, salivary pH in the kidney deficiency constitution group and kidney deficiency syndrome group significantly increased (P<0.01). CK, ALT, AST, ALP levels in the kidney deficiency constitution group were reduced, but the contents of K, P, TP, AMY increased. The levels of CK, ALT, AST, ALP and LDH in the kidney deficiency syndrome decreased, while the contents of K, P, TP, and AMY increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the kidney deficiency constitution group, the content of LDH in the kidney deficiency syndrome group decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Rat saliva composition changes did occur in the kidney deficiency constitution group and kidney deficiency syndrome group.