Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picornaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand,foot,and mouth disease (HFMD) in children.Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed.Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu.The VP1 protein from one of these strains,55F,was expressed.The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody,the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay.These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.

Objective This study was to understand the structure characteristics of prophages in the genome of Enterococcus hirae R17,and also to analyze their interaction relationships with the host bacterium.Methods The gene distribution and gene encoding characteristics of prophages in the genome of Enterococcus hirae R17 were identified using the PHAST software.The virulence gene,antimicrobial resistance genes,and environmental resistance genes in the prophages were also analyzed.Results Three prophages were found on the chromosome of Enterococcus hirae,including two incomplete prophage elements (Prophage-1 and Prophage-2) and one complete prophage (Prophage-3).Some function genes of bacteria were found in the sequence of three prophages,including nucleotide transportation and metabolism related genes.One incomplete prophage carrying erythromycin-and bacitracin-resistance genes was identified in the plasmid,which suggested that prophage induced gene horizontal transfer caused erythromycin-and bacitracin-resistance of Enterococcus hirae R17.Conclusion This study laid a solid foundation for the diversity analysis of prophages of Enterococcus hirae.Prophages played an important role in promotion of antimicrobial resistance of enterococci.Scientists should pay more attention to the spread of antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity induced by prophages.

Objective To investigate the effects of morroniside on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fi-broblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into sham group, model group, morroniside-low group (30 mg/kg), morroniside-middle group (90 mg/kg) and morroni-side-high group (270 mg/kg). Middle cerebral arteries of rats were occluded for 30 minutes with Longa's method and re-perfused. The ex-pression of VEGF and FGF-2 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex was detected with Western blotting 7 days after reperfusion. Results The ex-pression of both VEGF and FGF-2 increased in the ischemic ipsilateral cortexin in all the ischemic groups compared with the sham group (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF further increased in a dose-dependent manner in all the morroniside groups compared with that of model group (P<0.05), and the expression of FGF-2 increased in the morroniside-high group (P<0.001). Conclusion Morroniside could increase the expression of VEGF and FGF-2 after ischemia-reperfusion, which might promote angiogenesis.

Objective To explore the effects of morroniside on the expression of CD34 in ipsilateral cortex of rats after focal cerebral isch-emia-reperfusion. Methods 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group (n=9), ischemia group (n=9), and morroniside groups (low, medium and high dosage groups, n=9). The middle cerebral artery were occluded for 30 minutes, and reperfused. Morroniside was administered intragastrically once a day at dose of 30 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 270 mg/kg after operation. The expression of CD34 in the isch-emic ipsilateral cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry (n=6) and Western blotting (n=3) 7 days after operation. Results The ex-pression of CD34 increased in the ischemia group compared with the sham group, and further increased in the morroniside groups of high dos-age compared with the ischemia group (F>14.865, P<0.001). Conclusion Morroniside could increase the expression of CD34 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex after ischemia-reperfusion in rats, which may promote the angiogenesis and neurogenesis after ischemia.

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality in cancer patients, which is usually related to the syndromes of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Despite not frequent life-threatening, it mostly causes prolonged hospitalization, delaying in scheduled chemotherapy, reducing of the efficacy, worsening of patients' prognosis and quality of life. The optimal treatment strategy should be chosen based on the severity and the onset time of the symptoms in clinic. Hypertonic saline solution is appropriate for acute, symptomatic patients with hyponatremia caused by SIADH, nevertheless fluid restriction is advised to chronic symptomless hyponatremia which recommends correcting at a slower rate. When fluid restriction is limited, pharmacological therapy should be a necessary choice. This review summarizes the recent progress of hyponatremia in international guidelines and discusses the defect of hyponatremia managements and the research prospect in the future.

Objective:To compare the post-operative outcomes between extended lateral approach and L-shaped lateral approach in surgical treatment of Sanders type III intra-articular calcaneal fractures.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was made on clinical data of 34 patients with fresh Sanders type III intra-articular calcaneal fractures hospitalized in Langfang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2014 to October 2017. There were 33 males and 1 female, with the age of 18-56 years [(42.5±9.4)years]. All fractures were fresh. Seventeen patients were fixed by the extended lateral approach (extended approach group) and seventeen patients by L-shaped lateral approach (L-shaped approach group). Operation duration, intraoperative bleeding volume, length of hospital stay, one-stage wound healing rate and complication rate were observed. B?hler and Gissane angle were measured before operation, one week after operation and 12 months after operation. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale was applied to evaluate function recovery.Results:There were no significant differences between groups in operative time and intraoperative bleeding volume ( P>0.05). There were significant differences between extended approach group and L-shaped approach group in length of hospital stay [(15.7±4.0)days vs.(22.4±9.6)days], one-stage wound healing rate [88%(15/17) vs. 47%(8/12)] and postoperative complication rate [12%(2/17) vs. 47%(8/17)] ( P<0.05). The B?hler and Gissane angles did not differ significantly between groups before operation and one week and 12 months after operation ( P>0.05). At postoperative 12 months, the B?hler and Gissane angles were improved from preoperative (8.2±6.0)°, (85.3±10.5)° to (23.9±6.1)° and (119.3±6.2)° respectively in extended approach group, and those from preoperative (9.4±3.9)°, (85.5±7.1)° to (25.8±3.7)° and (122.2±5.6)° respectively in L-shaped approach group (all P>0.05). At 12 months after operation, the AOFAS score was (86.9±7.5)points in extended approach group, with the excellent and good rate of 88%; and was (83.3±12.5)points in L-shaped approach group, with the excellent and good rate of 76% ( P>0.05). While the score of hindfoot joint activity in extended approach group was (5.8±0.7)points, significantly higher than (3.4±1.0)points in L-shaped approach group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For Sanders III intraarticular calcaneal fractures, compared with L-shaped approach group, plate fixation via extended approach can promote fracture healing, shorten hospital stay, reduce incidence of complications and facilitate function recovery of subtalar joint.

Based on the perspective of medical equipment safety culture,analyze the Global Patient Safety Report 2024 released by the World Health Organization(WHO)on May 30,and extract patient safety elements related to medical devices.Propose to initiate action plan for patient safety related to medical devices and discuss the pathway and measures to further ensure patient safety and strengthen safety management in the clinical use of medical devices,in conjunction with promoting high-quality development of hospitals.

Plastic surgery is characterized by high degree of specialization, a broadscope of diseases inclusion and rapid advancements in knowledge. It is closely related to many disciplines, and there is great heterogeneity among different patients, which requires comprehensive abilities of doctors. However, plastic surgery teaching in China is currently marked by a short training cycle, a uniform training mode, and students’ time constraints and heavy tasks. Chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT), a large-scale language model introduced by the artificial intelligence company OpenAI, can use deep learning technology to generate natural language texts, understand the context of a conversation and then generate responses similar to those of humans, and is widely used in various industries, including the medical field. This review began by identifying the current challenges in plastic surgery teaching, introduced potential applications of ChatGPT in the field, and outlined its advantages. It also discussed the limitations and potential future directions for its development.

Plastic surgery is characterized by high degree of specialization, a broadscope of diseases inclusion and rapid advancements in knowledge. It is closely related to many disciplines, and there is great heterogeneity among different patients, which requires comprehensive abilities of doctors. However, plastic surgery teaching in China is currently marked by a short training cycle, a uniform training mode, and students’ time constraints and heavy tasks. Chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT), a large-scale language model introduced by the artificial intelligence company OpenAI, can use deep learning technology to generate natural language texts, understand the context of a conversation and then generate responses similar to those of humans, and is widely used in various industries, including the medical field. This review began by identifying the current challenges in plastic surgery teaching, introduced potential applications of ChatGPT in the field, and outlined its advantages. It also discussed the limitations and potential future directions for its development.

Objective: To monitor the antimicrobial resistance and drug-resistance genes of Yersinia enterocolitis, Y. intermedia and Y. frederiksenii recovered from retailed fresh poultry of 4 provinces of China. Methods: The susceptibility of 25 isolated Yersinia spp. to 14 classes and 25 kinds of antibiotics was determined by broth microdilution method according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). The antibiotic resistance genes were predicted with antibiotic resistance genes database (ARDB) using whole genome sequences of Yersinia spp. Results: In all 22 Y. enterocolitis tested, 63.7% (14 isolates), 22.8% (5 isolates), 4.6% and 4.6% of 1 isolates exhibited the resistance to cefoxitin, ampicillin-sulbactam, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, respectively. All the 25 isolates were multi-drug resistant to more than 3 antibiotics, while 64.0% of isolates were resistant to more than 4 antibiotics. A few Y. enterocolitis isolates of this study were intermediate to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. Most Yersinia spp. isolates contained antibiotic resistance genes mdtG, ksgA, bacA, blaA, rosAB and acrB, and 5 isolates recovered from fresh chicken also contained dfrA1, catB2 and ant3ia. Conclusion The multi-drug resistant Yersinia spp. isolated from retailed fresh poultry is very serious in the 4 provinces of China, and their contained many kinds of drug-resistance genes.