BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can aleviate the skin flap congestion by improving the angiogenesis and increasing the oxygen content of blood in skin flaps. Although the HBO therapy ability to increase flap survival has been wel described, the research on the application of HBO pretreatment in skin flap transplantation does not arouse adequate concern.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of HBO pretreatment on early-stage flap congestion in the rat model of over-length dorsal random skin flaps.
METHODS: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=12), HBO pretreatment group (n=12) and HBO treatment group (n=12). Rats in the HBO pretreatment group received 4 days of HBO therapy prior to transplantation, once a day. Rats in the HBO treatment group received 4 days of HBO therapy after transplantation. Rats in the control group were raised in the normal conditions after flap transplantation. At postoperative days 3 and 5, rats were sacrificed and the samples were colected. The inflammation of flap tissues was detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. The flap survival rate was calculated at postoperative day 5.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The flap survival area of the HBO pretreatment group and HBO treatment group was larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05). At postoperative days 3 and 5, the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β in the flap tissue were higher in the HBO pretreatment group and HBO treatment group than the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the flap survival area and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β between HBO pretreatment and HBO treatment groups (P > 0.05). HBO pretreatment can increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β and promotes angiogenesis in random pattern flaps,thereby improving skin flap survival.

Objective: To study the expression of TNF-α and PCNA in human breast tissue with polyacrylamide hydrogel(PAHG) injection, and to provide the initial theory basis for its prognosis and clinical treatment. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 20 normal breast tissues and 40 cases with PAHG injection, analysis was also done by HE staining. Results: ①HE staining showed that there were a large number of homogeneous amorphous gel-like injections under optical microscope. Around PAHG there were different degrees of fibrous tissue hyperplasia with or without fibrous degeneration and lots of inflammatory cells. Local foreign body giant cell reaction and ductal dilatation also can be seen around PAHG. ②The IA levels of TNF-α and PCNA in the experimental group were 3.9± 0.3 and 3.2 ± 0.2, the IA levels of TNF-α and PCNA in the control group were 1.0 ± 0.1 and 1.3 ± 0.3, the IA level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.000). The difference was statistically significant. The positive rates of TNF-α and PCNA in the experimental group were 90% (36/40)and 85% (34/40)respectively; the positive rates of TNF-α and PCNA in the control group were 30% (6/20), 40% (8/20). The positive expression rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.000). The difference was statistically significant. TNF-α and PCNA has Pearson positive relevance in the changes(r=0.3, P=0.040), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions TNF-α and PCNA are involved in the immunoreaction of mammalian breast tissue injected with polyacrylamide hydrogel, which may induce the aseptic inflammation, fibrous tissue hyperplasia and related issues through mutual influence.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Dali Bai autonomous prefecture.Methods:A total of 176,729 students aged 6-18 years from 380 primary and secondary schools in eight counties of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture were screened for spinal health by visual method, Adams forward bend test and scoliometer measuring the angle of trunk rotation from September to November 2021. The angle of trunk rotation ≥5° or visual method retest positive was used as a positive standard to confirm suspected scoliosis population. Demographic data of the screening population including name, gender, age and ethnicity were collected. The average altitude of the community or village committee in the screening area was recorded. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of scoliosis.Results:There were 176,729 people planned to complete the screening. A total of 140,026 people were actually completed screening with completion rate 79.23%. A total of 3,190 (2.28%) suspected scoliosis positive people were detected. The detection rate of female was 2.52%, which was higher than that of male 2.03% (χ 2=37.18, P<0.001). The detection rate of 10-18 years old group was 2.90%, which was higher than that of 6-9 years old group 0.70% (χ 2=620.79, P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the detection rate among different age groups from 6 to 18 years old (χ 2=1,451.00, P<0.001). The detection rate of Han population was 2.67%, which was higher than that of non-Han population 2.15% (χ 2=31.06, P<0.001). In non-Han population, the detection rate of Bai population was 2.07%, which was lower than that of non-Bai population 2.26% (χ 2=4.02, P=0.045). Trend chi-square test showed significant difference in the detection rate of scoliosis among the general population, 10-18 years old population and 6-9 years old population in the altitude <1,500 m, 1,500-1,599 m, 1,600-1,699 m, 1,700-1,799 m, 1,800-1,899 m, 1,900-1,999 m, 2,000-2,099 m, 2,100-2,199 m, 2,200-2,299 m and ≥2,300 m groups (χ 2=249.02, 195.64, 24.46, P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of scoliosis was lower in males than that in females ( OR=0.82, P<0.001). The risk of scoliosis was increased in 10-18 years old compared with that in 6-9 years old ( OR=0.12, P<0.001). The risk of scoliosis was low in Bai population compared with that in Han populations ( OR=0.75, P<0.001). The altitude ≥2,000 m was a risk factor ( OR=1.52, P<0.001). Conclusion:The detection rate of suspected scoliosis in primary and middle school students in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture was 2.28%. Female, aged 10-18 years, Han populations, and residence in altitude ≥2,000 m might be the risk factors for scoliosis.

Objective To investigate the expression of early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1),NGFI-A binding protein 2 (Nab2) and caveolin 1 (Cav-1) in normal skin,flat-cicatrix and hypertrophic scar,and explore its role in the formation of hypertrophic scar.Methods The expression of Egr-1,Nab2 and Cav-1 protein in 9 normal skin tissues,8 flat-cicatrix tissues and 9 hypertrophic scar tissues were examined with immunohistochemistry SP method and were analyzed statistically.Results The expression of Egr-1 in epidermal cells of hypertrophic scar was significantly higher than that in normal skin and flat scar tissue.The expression of Egr-1 increased in the course of scar proliferation.The distribution patterns of Nab2 were different from Egr-1.The expression of Egr-1 was increased,while expression of Nab2 was decreased.The expression of Cav-1 in normal skin and flat-cicatrix was significantly higher than that in hypertrophic scar.Conclusions The expression of Egr-1,Nab2 and Cav-1 is closely related to the formation of hypertrophic scar,and the up-regulated expression of Egr-1 and the deficient expression of Nab2 and Cav-1 may be the indicators of the progress of formation of hypertrophic scar.

Objective To investigate the expression of early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1),NGFI-A binding protein 2 (Nab2) and caveolin 1 (Cav-1) in normal skin,flat-cicatrix and hypertrophic scar,and explore its role in the formation of hypertrophic scar.Methods The expression of Egr-1,Nab2 and Cav-1 protein in 9 normal skin tissues,8 flat-cicatrix tissues and 9 hypertrophic scar tissues were examined with immunohistochemistry SP method and were analyzed statistically.Results The expression of Egr-1 in epidermal cells of hypertrophic scar was significantly higher than that in normal skin and flat scar tissue.The expression of Egr-1 increased in the course of scar proliferation.The distribution patterns of Nab2 were different from Egr-1.The expression of Egr-1 was increased,while expression of Nab2 was decreased.The expression of Cav-1 in normal skin and flat-cicatrix was significantly higher than that in hypertrophic scar.Conclusions The expression of Egr-1,Nab2 and Cav-1 is closely related to the formation of hypertrophic scar,and the up-regulated expression of Egr-1 and the deficient expression of Nab2 and Cav-1 may be the indicators of the progress of formation of hypertrophic scar.

ObjectiveTo provide a new idea for exploring the molecular genetic approach to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia via construction of microRNA-messenger RNA （miRNA-mRNA） regulatory network in schizophrenia. MethodsThe microarray datasets of GSE54578 miRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood and GSE145554 mRNA expression in the anterior cingulate in postmortem brain of schizophrenic subjects were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database since July 2021. The GEO2R was used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs， screen the miRNA with target differentially expressed mRNA， and predict their potential upstream transcription factors. The overlapping genes from the mRNA targeted by the differentially expressed miRNA and the mRNA differentially expressed in GSE145554 dataset were collected. Then the biological features of hub genes were analyzed via Gene Ontology （GO） analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis， and the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of hub genes were constructed. ResultsA total of 8 up-regulated differentially expressed miRNAs with targeted mRNA were screened out in GSE54578 datasets regarding schizophrenia， which involved in the regulation of 10 transcription factors， 247 down-regulated differentially expressed mRNAs were screened out in GSE145554 datasets， and 17 overlapping mRNAs were obtained. GO analysis showed that the target mRNAs were mainly involved in astrocyte differentiation and development. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the target mRNAs were mainly involved in Rap1 and Ras signaling pathways. PPI network analysis showed that the mRNAs （KRAS and CD28） might be key genes in schizophrenia. ConclusionThe integrated bioinformatics analysis based on GEO database can identify potential susceptibility genes in schizophrenia， and it also contributes to the construction of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in schizophrenia.