Objective:To explore the application of nursing of theory education combined with experience education in the rehabilitation of patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH) .Methods:Nursing of theory education combined with experience education was carried out in Department of Respiratory Medicine in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University in December 2017. Using the convenient sampling method, 53 patients with IPAH who were admitted from August 2016 to December 2017 were selected as the control group and they were given routine nursing. A total of 53 IPAH patients who were admitted from January 2018 to May 2019 were selected as the research group, and they were given nursing of theory combined with experience education at basis of the control group. Before the intervention and 1 month after discharge from the hospital, patients in two groups were assesses by Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) scale, the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) , 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD) and Borg Scale (BS) , and the occurrence of complications in the two groups during hospitalization and discharge for 1 month was recorded.Results:After 1 month of discharge, scores of self-care skills, self-care concept, self-care responsibilities and health knowledge and the total self-care score of ESCA were respectively (35.52±2.16) , (22.32±1.55) , (27.15±2.02) , (48.67±2.85) and (130.67±3.38) . Scores of physical functioning, role-physical, vitality, role-emotional, social functioning and mental health and overall health score of SF-36 were respectively (74.73±12.83) , (71.79±11.31) , (72.06±11.43) , (69.67±10.54) , (71.23±10.72) , (72.43±13.30) and (65.45±14.27) . The 6MWD distance was (512.67±86.85) m, and BS score was (3.79±0.85) . Compared with the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . During hospitalization and one month after discharge, the complication rate of the research group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Nursing of theory education combined with experience education can improve the self-care ability of IPAH patients, improve their quality of life, and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of clinical application.

Bitter taste receptors,also known as type 2 taste receptors(T2Rs),are found not only in the mouth's taste bud cells but also in various tissues and cells,including macrophages.Macrophages,known for their re-markable plasticity,play a crucial role in regulating innate immunity,managing inflammation,and orchestrating immune responses to antigens,pathogens,and environmental factors.Recently,the study of the expression and function of bitter taste receptors within macrophages has garnered significant interest.This review summarizes the expression levels and dis-tribution characteristics of bitter taste receptors in macrophages and examines their effects on macrophage polarization,phagocytosis,and chemotaxis,as well as their potential molecular mechanisms.The purpose of this review is to provide in-sight and perspectives for research on the regulatory role of T2Rs in macrophage functions.

BACKGROUNDAnaphylactic reactions during anesthesia and operation are common and life threatening. Follow-up investigation is necessary for avoiding potential re-exposure of the patients to the offending drugs. The purpose of this study was to assess cellular allergen stimulation test (CAST) as a diagnostic instrument in immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions.

METHODSThis study included 25 patients who developed perioperative anaphylactic reactions and 10 subjects that tolerated anesthetics and other drugs during perioperative period from September 2009 to October 2013 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. We performed skin tests and flow cytometric analysis of basophil activation-based CAST in all subjects.

RESULTSOf the 25 patients, 17 had IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (causative agent identified by skin tests) and 8 had non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (negative skin tests). CAST showed a sensitivity of 42.9%, specificity of 90%, and negative predictive value of 80.6% for neuromuscular blocking agents.

CONCLUSIONSCAST may be useful for the diagnosis of anaphylactic reactions during perioperative period. Our findings call for further investigation to increase the sensitivity of the test.

Adult ; Allergens ; immunology ; Anaphylaxis ; diagnosis ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Skin Tests ; methods ; Young Adult