This paper is to report the author's experience about the diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases of broncholithiasis.All the 6 patients had symptoms of recurrent cough and hemoptysis which was very severe and life-threatening in 4 cases.The diagnosis of broncholithiasis was rather difficult preoperatively. Conventional tomography played a very important role in verifying the existence of an intrabronchial stone. In 3 cases the diagnosis was established by tomography. Bronchoscopy was performed in 2 cases and broncholith was seen in one of them.One case recovered after his spontaneous expectorating the stone, while five cases were treated operatively; lobectomy was performed on 4 and pneumoectomy on one. One patient developed postoperative broncbopleural fistula and cure was only achieved after a further left upper lobectomy was performed. The final result of the five operated cases were excellent (having been followed up for 10 months to 19 years) .The pathological examination of the resected specimens revealed tuberculosis in two cases, silicosis in one and nonspecific chronic inflammation in the other two.Surgical management of broncholithiasis was briefly discussed and relevant literature reviewed.