Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; therapy

Objective: To understand the influencing factors underlying physical exercise behavior among children and adolescents aged 9-18 years in Ningxia, China, in 2019, and to provide suggestions for physical exercise among children and adolescents by adopting a social ecological model. Methods: Based on data related to 12 018 children and adolescents in Ningxia aged 9-18 years old which were obtained from the National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2019, the survey questions scored based on the four levels of the social ecological model. Results: The proportion of children and adolescents who engaged in physical exercise for less than 1 hour a day accounted for 55.97% of the total number of people in Ningxia. Regardless of whether they were able to engage in enough physical activity, individual factors played a dominant role in influencing the behavior of the children and adolescents, and an interaction was found between influencing factors at different levels( r=-0.01, 0.01, -0.08, 0.04, P <0.01). The results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that the personal factors e.g. sports makes me healthy, I don t have enough time, muscle strength exercise, I have no movement of any relationship partner, sports make me know partner, policy in the number of physical education, number of sports meeting in a school year, the average daily lesson hold number all affect children s sports activities in time( B =-0.05-0.16, P <0.01). Conclusions The lack of physical exercise among children and adolescents in Ningxia is the result of multiple factors. Comprehensive and diversified intervention should be administered from a socio ecological framework to promote the formation of physical exercise habits among children and adolescents.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of adult prurigo nodularis.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on patients with prurigo nodularis who received the treatment with dupilumab in Peking University People′s Hospital from January 2021 to November 2021. Efficacy was assessed using the Investigator′s Global Assessment (IGA) , Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at weeks 0, 4 and 16. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t test were used to analyze changes in the above parameters before and after treatment. Results:A total of 17 patients were enrolled in this study, including 12 females and 5 males, aged 48.47 ± 16.26 years. After 16-week treatment with dupilumab, the pruritus NRS score decreased from 8.00 ± 1.50 at baseline to 1.29 ± 0.85 ( t = 6.98, P < 0.001) , the sleeplessness NRS score decreased from 5.18 ± 2.98 at baseline to 0.12 ± 0.49 ( t = 12.55, P < 0.001) , and the DLQI score declined from 13.29 ± 4.03 at baseline to 0.88 ± 0.70 ( t = 16.39, P < 0.001) ; at week 16, the IGA grade of all the 17 patients decreased from 3 - 4 at baseline to 0 - 2, 16 achieved IGA grades 0 - 1, and 12 achieved IGA grade 0. During the treatment, mild conjunctivitis occurred in 2 cases, local injection reaction occurred in 1, and both conditions were improved after short-term symptomatic treatment. Conclusion:Dupilumab is markedly effective and safe in the treatment of adult prurigo nodularis.

Objective: To explore the correlation between obesity and first ejaculation in boys aged 11-18 years old in Ningxia in 2019, and to provide the theoretical reference for puberty development among obese boys. Methods: Using the method of stratified random cluster sampling, 5 240 boys aged 11- 18 were selected from Yinchuan, Zhongwei, Wuzhong and Guyuan in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Height, weight, and first ejaculation were obtained.Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine nutritional status, and the χ 2 test was used to compare the differences between groups of nutritional status; the probability unit regression method was used to calculater the soth percentile age at ejaculation, and the U test was applied to compare the differences in age at ejaculation between groups. Results: The rates of overweight and obesity among boys aged 11 to 18 years in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2019 were 15.5% and 8.8%. The detection rate of overweight and obesity among urban boys was 17.8% and 10.5% and the detection rate of overweight and obesity among rural boys was 12.9% and 6.9%,respectively. The 50 th percentile age at half ejaculation among urban boys aged 11 to 18 years was 14.94 years; the 50 th percentile age at ejaculation among rural boys was 15.33 years( P <0.01). The 50 th percentile age at ejaculation was 15.61, 15.10, 15.05 and 15.05 years for boys in the wasted, normal weight, overweight and obese groups, respectively. Conclusion Nutritional status was not associated with age at first ejaculation in the present study,but warrants farther investigation.

Objective: To understand the nutritional status and physical quality of children and adolescents aged 6-18 in Ningxia in 2019, so as to provide scientific basis for health promotion children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 16 076 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old from Ningxia were selected by multi stage stratified cluster random sampling. Weight, height and physical fitness indexes (50 m running, standing long jump, sitting forward flexion) were measured and analyzed. The Chi square test was carried out to compare differences between groups, and the relationship between nutritional status and physical fitness was assessed by Logistic regression models. Results: In 2019, detection rate of stunting loss rate, overweight and obesity rate of children and adolescents aged 6-18 in Ningxia were 6.9%, 12.6% and 8.7%, respectively. The below average rates of sitting forward flexion, 50 m running and standing long jump were 10.0%, 8.6% and 26.7%, respectively, while the passing rates were 63.5%, 63.7% and 55.5%, respectively. The good rates were 14.7%, 11.7% and 12.3%, and the excellent rates were 11.8%, 16.0 % and 5.5%, respectively. The passing rates of sitting forward flexion, 50 m running and standing long jump in stunting group were lower than those in the normal weight group ( OR=0.75, 0.72, 0.77, P ＜0.05); the passing rates of 50 m run and standing long jump in the overweight group was lower than that of normal weight group ( OR=0.79, 0.52, P ＜0.05); the passing rates of sitting forward flexion, 50 m running and standing long jump in the obese group were lower than those in the normal weight group ( OR=0.73, 0.52, 0.32, P ＜0.05). Conclusion In 2019, children and adolescents in Ningxia have the doublel burden of stunting, overweight and obesity. Physical fitness is associated with nutritional status, suggesting weight control might be helpful to keep fitness among children and adolescents.

Objective: To investigate the trend of overweight and obesity among Han students aged 7-18 in Ningxia from the year of 2000 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for obesity prevention and control among children and adolescents. Methods: Based on the five waves of "National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey" in Ningxia region during 2000 to 2019, body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and other data of Han students aged 7-18 years were included was used for trend analysis. Results: In 2019, the detection rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Ningxia were 13.34% (1 181/8 855) and 9.19% (814/8 855), respectively. The increase rate of overweight and obesity in boys from 2000 to 2019 was 11.68% and 10.07% ( χ 2=27.60, P <0.01). The rate of overweight and obesity in female students from 2000 to 2019 was 6.95% and 5.77% ( χ 2=33.82, P <0.01). Urban boys had the highest rates of overweight and obesity, which were 11.38% and 10.45%. The growth rate of overweight and obesity in rural boys was higher than that in urban boys after 2010 ( χ 2=13.90,17.09, P < 0.05), and the growth rate of obesity in rural girls was higher than that in urban girls after 2014 ( χ 2=9.94, 33.39, P <0.05). Overweight and obesity prevalence showed positive associations with the economic status in both urban and rural areas ( χ 2=35.19, 35.35, P <0.01). Conclusion From 2000 to 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity and body mass index among children and adolescents in Ningxia increased consistently, with more rigirous in rural areas. Specific strategies and measures for overweight and obesity prevention in children and adolescents are in urgent need, to reduce potential social and economic burden.

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of inflammatory factors in the association between low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).Methods:This study was a prospective study, which icluded a total of 86 patients with Graves′ disease who attended the Department of Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to June 2022. Among them, there were 56 patients with Graves′ disease accompanied by TAO, including 30 cases in the inactive group and 26 in the active group. Additionally, there were 30 cases having Graves′ disease alone. The relationship between LDL-C, inflammatory factors, and the onset and activity of TAO were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating effect of inflammatory factors in the association between LDL-C and TAO onset and activity.Results:Interleukin(IL) -6 was a potential mediator that linking the association between LDL-C and TAO onset: LDL-C had a direct effect on TAO(Total effect value=0.274, 95% CI 0.161-0.386), while IL-6(mediated effect=0.067, 95% CI 0.011-0.123) and IL-17(mediated effect=0.042, 95% CI 0.007-0.077) partially mediated the effect of LDL-C on TAO, accounting for 24.45% and 15.33% of the total effect, respectively. IL-6 was a potential mediator of the association between LDL-C and TAO activity: LDL-C had a direct effect on TAO activity(Total effect value=0.320, 95% CI 0.204-0.435), and IL-6(mediated effect=0.103, 95% CI 0.021-0.185) partially mediated the effect of LDL-C on TAO activity, with a mediation effect of 32.19%. Conclusion:IL-6 plays a partiall mediating role in the association of LDL-C with TAO onset and activity.

Objective:To study the influencing factors of influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in children younger than 5 years of old in Suzhou, and to provide evidence to support the improvement of prevention and control strategies for influenza in children.Methods:We conducted a prospective influenza surveillance for hospitalized SARI and outpatient influenza-like illness (ILI) at Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from April 2011 to March 2017. We compared the clinical and other characteristics of influenza-positive patients with SARI to those with ILI to find the differences and to identify influencing factors of influenza-associated SARI, using χ2 test and unconditional logistic regression. Results:We found 786 cases of influenza-associated ILI and 413 cases of influenza-associated SARI during the study period. Cough, runny nose, shortness of breath, asthma or wheezing were more common in influenza-associated SARI than in influenza-associated ILI ( P<0.01). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression showed that the influencing factors which significantly associated with increased risk of influenza-associated SARI were as follows: younger age (<6 months OR=3.6, 6-23 months a OR=2.5), respiratory infection history within 3 months (a OR=4.5), chronic lung disease history ( OR=3.4), fever above 39.0 ℃ (39.0-39.9 ℃ a OR=2.4, ≥40.0 ℃ a OR=6.0), and the presence of A/H1N1 (a OR=2.3), A/H3N2 (a OR=1.9). Conclusion:Children younger than 2 years old, with a history of chronic lung disease, a history of respiratory infection within 3 months, or with a fever peak above 39.0 ℃ should seek medical advice as soon as possible or receive annual influenza vaccination to reduce the incidence of influenza-associated serious outcomes.

Objective:To estimate the hospitalization rate of Haemophilus ( H.) influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years in Suzhou. Methods:From 2010 to 2014, medical records and bacteriology results of children under 5 years hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in Children's Hospital of Soochow University were collected, retrospectively. Detection rate of H. influenzae was describe. The hospitalization rate of H. influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia was estimated using the number of local children in urban area of Suzhou, which was obtained from the immunization platform of Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Results:A total of 28 043 hospitalized pneumonia cases were included from 2010 to 2014, in which 19 526 (69.63%) had bacteriological examination. The overall detection rate of H. influenzae was 11.06% (2 160/19 526), and children aged 12-23 months had the highest positive rate (14.29%, 550/3 850), and the rate was higher during winter-spring than during summer-autumn ( χ 2=455.11, P<0.01). The average hospitalization rate of H. influenzae associated pneumonia in children under 5 years was 760.36/100 000 (95% CI: 733.70/100 000-787.01/100 000), which was higher in winter and spring (898.79/100 000 and 1 249.52/100 000) than in summer and autumn (514.35/100 000 and 359.04/100 000), and the hospitalization rate was higher in boys (942.12/100 000) than in girls (563.76/100 000), the differences were all significant ( P<0.01). The highest hospitalization rate was observed in children aged 1-5 months (2 478.31/100 000) and the hospitalization rate decreased with age ( χ 2=2 129.80, P<0.01). Conclusion:There was a considerable burden of H. influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years in Suzhou, especially in children under 6 months.

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for the content determination of to tal flavonoids from Amomum tsao-ko ，and to optimize the purification technology by macroporous resin. METHODS ：The content of total flavonoids was measured by HPLC. The determination was performed on Eclipse Plus C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 1％ acetic acid solution （15∶85，V/V）at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 256 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. Taking the adsorption and desorption performance as indexes，6 kinds of macroporous resins were screened out by static adsorption and desorption tests ；adsorption and desorption time were investigated by static adsorption and desorption kinetics tests. Using the content of total flavonoids （calculated by rutin ）as index ，with sample concentration ，sample pH，ethanol volume fraction and elution amount as factors ，based on single factor test ，orthogonal design was used to optimize the purification technology of total flavonoids from A. tsao-ko ，and validation test was performed. RESULTS ：The linear range of rutin were 0.028-0.281 mg/mL（r＝0.999 9）. The limit of quantification was 437.5 ng/mL and the limit of detection was 109.4 ng/mL. RSDs of precision ，stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％；the recoveries were 96.24％-99.75％（RSD＜2％，n＝ 6）. The comprehensive capacity of adsorption and desorption of HPD 450 macroporous resin was the most suitable ，and the best static adsorption and desorption time both were 12 h. The optimal purification technology was 1.854 4 mg/mL ； ethanol elution was 8 times of the column volume. Vertificationtests show that after optimized ，the content of total flavonoids from A. tsao-ko increased from 22.556 7 mg/g to 57.728 2 mg/g. The purity of was 2.56 and stable for the content determination. Optimal purification technology is stable and feasible ，which is suitable for purifieation of total flavonoids from A. tsao-ko .