Objective: To study the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on cholesterol metabolism in finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 96 finishing pigs (Duroc?Landrance?Jia) were randomly alotted to four groups each of which was replicated three times with eight pigs per replicate. The groups received the same basal corn-soybean meal diet and FOS was added to the basal diet at 0,0.5%,1 0%,1.5% at the expense of corn, respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, eight pigs with similar body weights from each treatment were slaughtered. Results: (1) Supplementation with FOS significantly improved average daily gain and feed efficiency. (2) Pigs fed 1.0% and 1.5% FOS had significantly lower serum TC and LDL-C concentrations and greater HDL-C/LDL-C ratio compared with the control. Pigs fed 1.5% FOS had significantly lower serum VLDL-C and ApoB concentrations and Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio. (3) Supplementation with 1.0% and 1.5% FOS significantly decreased the activities of HMG-CoA reductase. (4) Supplementation with 1.5% FOS significantly increased the colonic acetate and butyrate and plasma acetate. Supplementation with 0.5%,1.0% and 1.5% FOS significantly increased colonic propionate. (5) Fecal cholesterol excretion was significantly greater in the pigs fed 1.0% and 1.5% FOS and fecal bile acid excretion was significantly greater in the pigs fed 1.5% FOS than the control. Conclusion: FOS may improve cholesterol metabolism by alteration in the absorption and synthesis of cholesterol resulted from the changes in colonic fermentation, and by increase in the fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acid.

Objective: 780 Linen yellow broiler chicken, 1 d of age, were used to investigate the effects of nano elemental selenium (Nano-Se) or Na2SeO3 on growth performance and antioxidant function. Method:The chicken were allocated to 13 treatments, each of which had 4 pens of 15 chicks per pen. The thirteen dietary treatments were basal diet only,and basal diet + 0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0 mg/kg Se as Na2SeO3 or Nano-Se, respectively. Results:(1) The growth performance of chicken remained steady at the peak value at concentration range of 0.2-0.5 mg/kg for Na2SeO3. Supplementation with 1.0 mg/kg Se as Na2SeO3 reduced (P

AIM: To observe the change of subunit of NADPH oxidation enzyme complex nox - 1 protein in cardiocyte hypoxia - reoxygenation injury and the role of cardiotrophin -1.METHODS: Cardiomyocytes from the hearts of 1 -3 d old neonatal rats were prepared by a modified method. Five groups were included in the study: control; hypoxia/ reoxygenation; hypoxia/reoxygenation + CT - 1; CT - 1 + hypoxia/reoxygenation + LY294002 (PIK3/Akt inhibitor) ; CT -1 + hypoxia/reoxygenation + PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) ; CT - 1 + hypoxia/reoxygenation + DMSO. The concentration of CT -1 was 10 μg/L. The survival rate of myocytes was evaluated by MTS method. Apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition pore ( △ψm) and reactive oxygen species ( ROS) were detected by flow cytometry. Nox - 1 protein was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and the level of ROS (19.7% ±1.4% vs 2.1% ± 0.5% , 14.07% ± 1.25% vs 3.54% ± 0.86% , P < 0.05 ) increased markedly after hypoxia/reoxygenation, but cardio-myocyte survival rate and the level of△ψm (40.55% ±4.25% vs 86.28% ±7.15% , P <0.01) decreased significantly. The expression of nox - 1 protein was upregulated markedly. With CT - 1 intervention, cardiomyocyte survival rate increased markedly, apoptosis, both ROS and expression of nox - 1 protein reduced significantly. The level of△ψm increased obviously. The effect of CT - 1 was inhibited by LY294002.No significant effect was observed on cells survival in DMSO group, which confirmed that LY294002 was specifically involved in blocking the protective effect of CT - 1.CONCLUSION : The expression of subunit of NADPH oxidation enzyme complex nox - 1 protein is upregulated markedly in cardiocyte hypoxia - reoxygenation injury.CT - 1 protects cardiac cells against hypoxia - reoxygenation injury by downregulating the expression of nox -1 protein to decrease the level of ROS.

Objective To study the effect of Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) on cardiocyte hypoxia-reoxygenation injury,and to investigate the signaling pathways involved in the protective effect. Method This study was carried out in Key Lab of Molecular Medicine in Jiangxi Province. Cardiomyocytes from the hearts of 2-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were prepared by a modified method. Five groups were included in the study. Group (ⅰ): control, Group (ⅱ): hypoxia/reoxygeuation, Group (ⅲ): hypoxia / reoxygenation + CT-1, Group (iv) : CT- 1 + hypoxia/ reoxygenation + LY294002 (PIK3/Akt inhibitor), Group (ⅴ): CT-1 + hypoxia / reoxygenation +DMSO. The concentration of CT-1 was 10 ng/mL. Myocytes survival rote was evaluated by MTS method, apopto-sis, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (△ψm) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected by flow cy-tometer, phosphorylased GSK-3β and PI3K protein by western blotting. Analysis of variance and q test as statistical methods was used to analyze the data. Results Cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ROS increased markedly after hy-poxia/reoxygenation,but cardiomyocyte survival rate and the level of △ψm [(40.55±4.25) vs. (86.28±7.15), P < 0.01]decreased significantly. With CT-1 intervention, cardiomyocyte survival rate increased markedly (87%),apoptosis and ROS reduced significantly. The level of △ψm increased, the level of phosphorylased GSK-3β and phosphorylased PI3K protein obviously increased. The effect of CT-1 was inhibited by LY294002, but no significant effect was observed on ceils survival in DMSO group, which confirmed that LY294002 specifically in-volved blocking the protective effect of CT-1. Conclusions CT-1 can protect cardiac cells against hypoxia- reoxy-genation injury, these effects are dependent upon its ability to activate the PI3K/GSK-3β pathway.

Nanotechnology is the technique that is used in manufacturing special function products with the studies of movement regularities and properties for electrons, atoms and molecules within 1-100 nm. It is penetrating into the fields of biology and medicine. Because nanoparticles possess quantum size effect, surface little size effect and grand quantum tunnel effect, they exhibit many characteristics such as great specific surface area, high surface activity, a lot of surface active centers, high catalytic efficiency and strong adsorbing ability. The development of biology and medicine will be speeded up with the progress of nanotechnology and the understanding of nanoparticles.
Biomedical Technology ; Humans ; Medicine ; trends ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotubes ; chemistry ; Particle Size

Objective:To design and develop an unplanned extubation clinical decision support system, aiming to provide a reference for nurses' clinical decision-making.Methods:Through literature review and expert consultation, the knowledge base of the clinical decision support system for unplanned extubation was constructed, and the system function and interface were designed.Results:The authoritative coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.853 and 0.867, respectively, and the Kendall ′s W were 0.458 and 0.492, respectively. The final built knowledge base included catheter evaluation module, unplanned extubation evaluation module, and knowledge reasoning rule module. At present, the knowledge base had sorted out 48 first-level items, 9 second-level items, 72 third-level items in the catheter evaluation module, and 5 first-level items, 12 second-level items, and 73 third-level items in the unplanned extubation evaluation module. Entry, 40 knowledge reasoning rules. Conclusions:The clinical decision-making system for unplanned extubation has changed the implementation of unplanned extubation risk early warning, optimized the management process, and realized the interaction of the hospital system. It can conduct dynamic unplanned extubation risk assessment based on individualization and assist nurses Make clinical decisions and promote the safety of nursing management.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nifekalan (NIF) on cardioversion in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients post radiofrequency ablation, and investigate the relevant factors related to the cardioversion efficacy of NIF. Methods: We screened patients with sustained AF rhythm after radiofrequency ablation between November 2016 and July 2018. Participants were treated with intravenous NIF 0.4 mg/kg within 5-10 minutes after ablation. We observed the adverse reaction, and monitored the rhythm, heart rate, QT interval and QTc interval before the medication and at 5, 10, 20, 120 min after the medication. According to the drug outcome of NIF, patients were divided into conversion group and non-conversion group, related factors affecting conversion efficacy were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: (1)A total of 116 patients were enrolled in the study (63 males and 53 females, mean age was (64±18) years). Among them, 72 patients were converted to sinus rhythm, and the overall successful rate was 62.1%. There were 84 patients with persistent AF, of which 50 cases (59.2%) were restored to sinus rhythm. There were 32 patients with paroxysmal AF, 22 cases (68.8%) of them were restored to sinus rhythm. The conversion time was 1.5 to 12 (6.8±3.4)min. (2) In 116 patients, the QT interval and QTc interval were significantly longer after medication than before the drug administration (P<0.01), and peaked at about 10th min, and restored to the level before drug administration at about 120th min. (3) There were 8 cases of bradycardia (6.9%), 3 cases of frequent and short ventricular tachycardia (2.6%). (4) The duration of atrial fibrillation was shorter and left atrial diameter was smaller in the cardioversion group than in the non-cardioversion group (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, disease history, atrial fibrillation type and structural heart disease between the two groups (P>0.05). (5) Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of atrial fibrillation (OR=0.980, 95%CI 0.966-0.994, P=0.004) and the left atrial diameter (OR=0.888, 95%CI 0.814-0.967, P=0.007) were the factors that influence the cardioversion efficacy of NIF on atrial fibrillation post ablation. Conclusions The total effective rate of NIF was 62.1% in patients witrh sustained AF post radiofrequency ablation, was 68.8% in patients with paroxysmal AF. Besides, NIF has the advantage of short conversion time and few adverse reactions. Left atrium diameter and AF duration were relevant factors that influence the efficacy of NIF of cardioversion in patients with sustained AF after radiofrequency ablation.

Objective: To explore the correlation of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(US-FNA) combined with BRAF V600E mutation detection and ultrasound features and central cervical lymph nodes metastasis of classic papillary thyroid cancer(PTC) for providing a reliable molecular basis for clinical preoperative evaluation of patients. Methods: Ninty-three cases of patients collected from October 2017 to November 2018 in Gansu Province Hospital were enrolled, who underwent general ultrasonic examination TI-RADS ≥4a, the US-FNA highly suspicious of PTC, thyroid surgery including total thyroidectomy and central cervical lymph node dissection, with the postoperative pathologic results of classical PTC and whether the central cervical lymph node metastasis happened in the patients. Part of the specimen applied HE staining for cytological diagnosis, the other part of specimen was used real-time for detection of BRAF V600E gene mutation by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the occurrence of cervical lymph node metastasis for classic PTC were significantly correlated with gender(χ²=10.303, P=0.002), BRAF V600E mutation(χ²=31.204, P=0.000) and extrathyroidal invasion(χ²=12.848, P=0.000). Multi-logistic regression analysis showed that BRAF V600E mutation(OR=13.324, 95%CI=4.058-43.744, P=0.000) and extrathyroidal invasion(OR=5.738, 95%CI=1.766-18.643, P=0.004) were the risk predictors of cervical lymph node metastasis of classic PTC. Gender(OR=0.385, 95%CI=0.112-1.324, P=0.130) was not the risk predictor. Conclusions US-FNA combined with BRAF V600E mutation and extrathyroidal invasion are the risk factors in predicting central cervical lymph node metastasis in classic PTC. Patients with these two risk factors should be elected to undergo prophylactic central cervical lymph node dissection.