Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; classification ; standards ; utilization ; United States

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of vitamin C with large dose combined with diphosphate in the treatment of myocardial injury after neonatal asphyxia and the effects on creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) level. METH-ODS:Totally 76 children with myocardial injury after neonatal asphyxia were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was given routine treatment,including oxygen inhalation,sedation,cardiotonic,Danshen injection and ener-gy mixture,etc. Based on the treatment of control group,the observation group was added diphosphate 100-150 mg/(kg·d),iv infu-sion,qd;and vitamin C 250 mg/(kg·d)adding into 10%glucose injection 20 ml,iv infusion,qd. 10 d was a course. The clinical ef-ficacy,cardiac troponin T(cTnI),CK-MB level and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment were observed. RE-SULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,with significant difference(P<0.05). After treatment,the cTnI and CK-MB level in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and observation group was low-er than control group,with significant differences (P<0.05). There were no adverse reactions in 2 groups during the treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Based on the routine treatment,Vitamin C with large dose combined with diphosphate has good efficacy in the treatment of myocardial injury after neonatal asphyxia and can effectively reduce the CK-MB level,with good safety.

OBJECTIVEThis paper aimed to determine the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12) p35, IL-12p40, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATcl), receptor activator of nuclear factor-KB (RANK), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA in murine macrophages infected by a periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid. Another aim was to investigate the effects of a periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid on the differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts.

METHODSInflammatory periodontal tissue samples of chronic periodontitis patients were taken during periodontal flap surgery, and healthy gingival tissue samples were taken from orthodontic patients during tooth extractions. Total RNA from periodontal tissue was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA and then cryo-preserved until further use. First, specific sequence oligodeoxynucleotide MT0I at a concentration of 1 µg · mL⁻¹ was added in murine macrophage RAW264.7, and the cells were incubated for 3 hours. Cells with PBS (1 µg · mL⁻¹) were used as negative controls. The inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA and healthy periodontal tissue cDNA (1 µg · mL⁻¹) was added subsequently. There were four experimental groups: healthy periodontal tissue cDNA+ RAW264.7, inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7, MT01+healthy periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7, and MT01+inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors IL-6, IL-12p35, IL-12p4O, MMP-9, NFATcl, RANK, and TNF-α mRNA after 3, 6, 12, and 24-hours.

RESULTSThe mRNA levels of osteoclast-related factors NFATc1, MMP-9, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p35, and RANK in RAW264.7 were markedly upregulated with the treatment of periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid. However, the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors was inhibited by use of an immunosuppressant MT01.

CONCLUSIONThe periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid could promote the differentiation of murine macrophage into osteoclasts.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 ; Interleukin-6 ; Macrophages ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Mice ; Osteoclasts ; metabolism ; Periodontitis ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

[Objective]This study was designed to investigate the effects of small volume resuscitation with different fluids on the lung of endotoxie rats.[Methods]Thirty SD rats weighting 180-250 g were divided randomly into 5 groups(n=6):Group C[lipopolysaccharide(LPS)negative control group],Group E(LPS+4 mL/kg physiologic saline),Group HSS(LPS+4 mL/kg 75 g/L hypertonic saline solution),Group HES(LPS+4 mL/kg hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4),Group HSH(LPS+4 mL/kg 75 g/L hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40).Resuscitation was administrated 30 min after LPS injected.Pathological examination and score were made under optical microscope.Dry/wet ratios were observed.Levels of total protein of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were measured.Thibabituric acid(TBA)was used to measure tissue malonaldehyde(MDA)levels.Xanthine oxidase(XO)was employed to measure the tissue activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD).[Results]Compared with group C,in the other 4 groups,pathological changes were server.Levels of total protein of BALF were higher(P＜0.05).Pathological score of group E was significantly higher(P＜0.01).Dry/wet ratio of group E was lower(P＜0.05).Tissue activity of SOD of group E was lower(P＜0.01).Levels of tissue MDA in group E and HSS were significantly higher.Compared with group E,in group HSS,HES and HSH,pathological changes were slighter(P＜0.01).Pathological scores and tissue MDA levels were lower(P＜0.01).Dry/wet ratios were higher(P＜0.05).Tissue activity of SOD were higher(P＜0.01),levels of total protein of BALF were lower(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).[Conclusion]Small volume resuscitation with HSS,HES,and HSH had protective effects on the lung of endotoxie rats.HES and HSH had better effect on decreasing the capillary permeability of the lung of endotoxic rats lung compared with HSS.

Objective: To investigate the impact of physical self-efficacy on physical activity and physical health among university students, so as to provide insights into formulation of the strategy to improve physical activity and physical health among university students. Methods: Freshmen and sophomores were sampled from a university in Guangzhou City using a convenience sampling method from December 2021 to April 2022. Students' demographics and types of sport exercises were collected using questionnaire surveys. Physical self-efficacy was tested using the Physical Self-efficacy Scale, and physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short, while physical health was evaluated using the school physical health standard test. The associations of physical self-efficacy with physical activity and physical health were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 4 171 questionnaires were allocated, and 3 811 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a effective recovery rate of 91.37%. The respondents included 1 582 males (41.51%) and 2 229 females (58.49%), and included 1 967 freshmen (51.61%) and 1 844 sophomores (48.39%). The median score of physical self-efficacy was 36 (interquartile range, 7) points, and there were 1 777 students reaching the national standard of physical activity (46.63%) and 1 112 students with excellent and good physical health (29.18%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that physical self-efficacy was a promoting factor for the proportion of reaching the national standard of physical activity (OR=1.054, 95%CI: 1.043-1.064) and excellent and good physical health (OR=1.109, 95%CI: 1.096-1.122) after adjustment for gender, grade, specialty and source of students. Conclusion The improvement of physical self-efficacy may increase the proportion of reaching the national standard of physical activity and excellent and good physical health among university students.

We report a case of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. The diagnosis of MEN type 2A relies on a comprehensive evaluation of the findings of ultrasound, CT and laboratory examinations, and early diagnosis and treatment is critical to improving the prognosis. Genetic testing of RET is the gold standard for diagnosis of MEN type 2A and 2B. Surgical intervention currently remains the primary choice of treatments of this disease.
Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo develop two new respirator fit test panels using data from anthropometric survey of Chinese adult workers: bivariate panel and principal component analysis (PCA) panel for meeting the requirements of respirator fit design and testing and evaluate the applicability of the two different fit test panels for current Chinese workers.

METHODSAn anthropometric database based upon anthropometric data of current Chinese workers was used for panel design. The bivariate panel was based upon the bivariate distribution of the face length and face width measurements, and the PCA panel was developed using principal components analysis of 10 stable facial dimensions (minimum frontal breadth, face width, bigonial breadth, face length, interpupillary distance, head breadth, nose protrusion, nose breadth, nasal root breadth, subnasale-sellion length). The distribution of Chinese workers across the panels was used to analyze the panels' applicability for Chinese workers.

RESULTSThe bivariate panel and PCA panel developed in this study consisted of 10 cells and 8 cells respectively, covered 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 98.4%) and 96.5% (male 95.1%, female 98.1%) of the current Chinese workers, respectively. The distribution of workers across both panels was uniform. Each cell contained 4.6% - 21.7% of the population in the bivariate panel and 10.4% - 14.6% of the population in the PCA panel. The LANL full-face piece respirator fit test panel covered only 70.9% of the Chinese workers, It was thought to be no longer adequate for the Chinese adult workers.

CONCLUSIONNew respirator fit test panels based on updated anthropometric database and distributions specific to Chinese workers may be more beneficial for applications in China.

Adult ; China ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Principal Component Analysis ; Reference Values ; Respiratory Protective Devices

ObjectiveTo investigate the preventive and curative effect of Chaishao Liujunzi Tang （CSLJZT） on colonic mucosal injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium （DSS） in mice with ulcerative colitis （UC） and its mechanism. MethodFifty Balb/c male mice were randomly divided into normal group， model group， CSLJZT low-dose group， CSLJZT high-dose group， and sulfasalazine group. Except for the normal group， other groups were given 2.5% DSS freely for 7 d， and were given drug intervention after successful modeling for 7 d. Bodyweight， feces， and other general physiological statuses of mice were recorded every day， and disease activity index （DAI） scores were calculated.The colon length was measured， and stained by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe the morphological changes of the colon.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the content of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， myeloperoxidase （MPO）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in the serum. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）， nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB）， inhibitor-kappa binding protein （IκB）， Caspase-1， and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） in the colon tissues. ResultAs compared with the normal group， mice in the model group had significantly decreased body weight （P<0.01）， severe diarrhea and hematochezia， and significantly increased DAI score （P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the decreasing trend of body weight was significantly alleviated in the CSLJZT groups （P<0.01）， diarrhea and hematochezia were significantly improved， DAI score was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and colon length increased （P<0.05）. HE staining showed that the pathological damage of colon tissue was significantly improved and the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced in the CSLJZT groups as compared with the model group. As compared with the normal group， the serum levels of IL-1β and MPO were significantly higher （P<0.01） and SOD levels were significantly lower （P<0.01） of mice in the model group.Compared with the model group， the treated group reduced the serum IL-1β and MPO levels （P<0.01）， and raised the SOD level （P<0.01）. The results of Western blot showed that as compared with the normal group， the expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， Ccaspase-1， and NLRP3 proteins were significantly increased （P<0.01）， whereas the expression level of IκB protein was significantly decreased （P<0.01） in the colonic tissue of mice in the model group. As compared with the model group， the expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， Caspase-1， and NLRP3 proteins were decreased （P<0.01）， whereas the expression level of IκB protein was increased （P<0.01） in the colonic tissue of mice in the CSLJZT groups. ConclusionCSLJZT improves the inflammatory injury of the colon tissue in DSS-induced UC mice through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with neuroblastoma (NB) complica-ted with lung or pleural metastasis, further to explore the correlation between characteristics and short-term outcome of NB, so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed concerning the age of onset, clinical features, treatment and outcome of 36 patients with NB who were admitted at Blood Tumor Center, Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University from December 2007 to December 2017.The diagnostic criteria, therapeutic regimen and therapeutic efficacy criteria of the enrolled children were all based on the NB protocol of Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University (BCH-NB-2007), the clinical stage was based on international clinical stage of neuroblastoma (INSS stage), and stratified treatment was conducted according to the BCH-NB risk grouping standard.The follow-up period lasted till October 31, 2018. Results: (1)The common clinical features of grouped children: 36 patients were selected into the group, accounted for 5.99% (36/601 cases) in total hospitalized NB children, they were less than 10 years old, 10 cases under 18 months, and the median age was 29.5 months (9-105 months); 20 cases were male, and 16 cases were female; the primary tumor was located in the retroperitoneal site in 19 cases, accounting for 52.78%, 9 cases in adrenal site, accounting for 25.00%, and 8 cases in mediastinal site, accounting for 22.22%.Risk groups: 29 cases were in high-risk group, 6 cases were in medium-risk group and 1 case was in low-risk group.The main symptoms were of pain onset in 8 cases, fever in 6 cases, local mass in 6 cases, abdominal mass in 4 cases, mediastinal mass in 3 cases, paleness in 3 cases, subcutaneous nodules in 2 cases, abdominal distension in 2 cases, lower limb swelling in 1 case, and diarrhea in 1 case. Among them, 16 cases had respiratory system symptoms first, accounting for 44.4%.(2)Laboratory examination: there were 35 patients of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) ≥25 μg/L on the initial diagnosis, of which 11 cases were more than 370 μg/L, the value of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥717.5 U/L in 25 patients, accounting for 69.44%, and 10 cases were accompanied by N-myc gene amplification.(3)Imaging examination: on the first diagnosis, chest/abdomen CT showed 75.75%(24/33 cases) of pleural or lung involvement, PET-CT showed 81.8% (27/33 cases) of pleural or lung involvement, B-ultrasound showed 41.67%(5/12 cases) of pleural or lung involvement; 3 imaging examinations showed: 1 positive in 16 cases, 2 positive in 16 cases, and 3 positive in 4 cases.(4)Comparison of clinical features of pleural and pulmonary involvement: among the 30 children with pleural involvement, 6 cases had respiratory symptoms, 3 cases had respiratory symptoms on the 6 cases with pulmonary involvement only, and 4 cases with pleural and pulmonary involvement had no respiratory symptoms at first diagnosis.(5)Treatment and outcome: 2 cases died because of critical condition after diagnosis, 5 cases didn′t receive the law treatment, 29 cases accepted law stratification treatment, among them, 1 case in low risk group, INSS-Ⅳ, alleviate current (CR); 4 cases in the moderate group, INSS-Ⅳ, CR in 2 cases, partial response (PR) in 1 case, progress in 1 case, new tumor foci occurring after chemotherapy discontinuation for 13 months. Twenty-four cases were in the high-risk group, event occurred in 7 cases (29.17%) of them, 1 case had progression by postoperative evaluation, 4 cases of progression at 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 months after cessation of chemotherapy, and 2 cases had recurrence at 11 and 17 months after cessation of chemotherapy.Overall survival rate (OS) was 41.4% for all children analyzed by Kaplan-Merier, and 32.9% of them were predicted to have 3-year event-free survival. Conclusions Children with pulmonary or pleural metastasis of neuroblastoma have no specific respiratory symptoms.CT scan might be a useful method for diagnosing the group Ⅳ children with pulmonary or pleural metastasis of neuroblastoma.Moreover, there seemed to be no significant correlation between the N-myc gene expression and survival prognosis of these children.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of subretinal injection of Aflibercept for the treatment of refractory or recurrent polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Methods:A prospective clinical research. From January to June 2022, 18 patients of 18 eyes with PCV diagnosed in The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University were included in the study. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity during statistics. The large choroidal vessel thickness (LVCT), central retinal thickness (CRT), sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and retinal pigment epithelium detachment (PED) height were measured by enhanced depth imaging technique of OCT. The choroidal vascular index (CVI) was calculated. There were 18 patients of 18 eyes, 11 males of 11 eyes and 7 females of 7 eyes. The age was (64.22±3.86) years old. The disease duration was (5.22±1.80) years. The patient had received intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for (7.72±1.36) times. The logMAR BCVA of the affected eyes was 1.28±0.25. The SFCT, CRT, LVCT, PED height were (436.56±9.80), (432.44±44.29), (283.78±27.10), (342.44±50.18) μm, respectively, and CVI was 0.65±0.01. All eyes were treated with a single subretinal injection of 40 mg/ml Aflibercept 0.05 ml (including Aflibercept 2.0 mg). According to the results of OCT and BCVA after treatment, the lesions were divided into active type and static type. The active lesions were treated with intravitreal injection of Aflibercept at the same dose as before. Quiescent lesions were followed up. Examinations were performed 1-3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment using the same equipment and methods before treatment. The BCVA, LVCT, CRT, SFCT, PED height, CVI, interretinal or subretinal fluid, lesion regression rate, injection times, and complications during and after treatment were observed. The BCVA, SFCT, CRT, LVCT, PED height and CVI before and after treatment were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance.Results:Eighteen eyes received subretinal and/or intravitreal injection of Aflibercept (1.61±0.85) times (1-4 times). At the last follow-up, the polypoid lesions regressed in 4 eyes and PED disappeared in 1 eye. Compared with before treatment, BCVA ( F=50.298) gradually increased, CRT ( F=25.220), PED height ( F=144.16), SFCT ( F=69.77), LVCT ( F=136.69), CVI ( F=72.70) gradually decreased after treatment. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Macular hole occurred in 1 eye after treatment, and the hole closed spontaneously 3 months after treatment. No serious complications such as retinal tear, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis and vitreous hemorrhage occurred during and after treatment. Conclusion:Subretinal injection of Aflibercept is safe and effective in the treatment of refractory PCV.