Urinary tract infection complicated with urinary tract calculi( lithangiuria)is one of the most common diseases causing serious urinary sepsis and septic shock. Recent studies show that the accurate diagnosis,rational use of antibiotics and timely treatment of complications are the key to treatment success. In this article,the latest progress and the treatment strategies for urinary tract infections complicated with lithangiuria are explored.

60 Chinese skulls(30 males and 30 females) from Liaoning province of the People's Republic of China were measured, By applying the multiplestepwise discriminant function, sexual diagnosis of the maxillary, frontal, occipital and parietal bone were carried out, 12 discriminant equation for sexual diagnosis have been obtained,The diseriminant rate of equations with accuracy tests on the same series of crania results in 66.7～93.3% of the cases analyzcd

The relationship of the nose tip position and the skull figures which were measured from the lateral craniographs in 49 ladies of 17～19 age living in Shenyang was studied. The figures measured on craniographs were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis on IBM-PC/XT computer, and the regressoin equations for estimating the nose tip position of female in Shenyang were obtained. Cases in which the errors were within 2 mm were 71.43 to 77. 55 percent.

Objective: To investigate the impact of physical self-efficacy on physical activity and physical health among university students, so as to provide insights into formulation of the strategy to improve physical activity and physical health among university students. Methods: Freshmen and sophomores were sampled from a university in Guangzhou City using a convenience sampling method from December 2021 to April 2022. Students' demographics and types of sport exercises were collected using questionnaire surveys. Physical self-efficacy was tested using the Physical Self-efficacy Scale, and physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short, while physical health was evaluated using the school physical health standard test. The associations of physical self-efficacy with physical activity and physical health were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 4 171 questionnaires were allocated, and 3 811 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a effective recovery rate of 91.37%. The respondents included 1 582 males (41.51%) and 2 229 females (58.49%), and included 1 967 freshmen (51.61%) and 1 844 sophomores (48.39%). The median score of physical self-efficacy was 36 (interquartile range, 7) points, and there were 1 777 students reaching the national standard of physical activity (46.63%) and 1 112 students with excellent and good physical health (29.18%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that physical self-efficacy was a promoting factor for the proportion of reaching the national standard of physical activity (OR=1.054, 95%CI: 1.043-1.064) and excellent and good physical health (OR=1.109, 95%CI: 1.096-1.122) after adjustment for gender, grade, specialty and source of students. Conclusion The improvement of physical self-efficacy may increase the proportion of reaching the national standard of physical activity and excellent and good physical health among university students.

OBJECTIVETo determine the optimal dosing of streptozotocin (STZ) for establishing lymphoma-bearing diabetic mouse models.

METHODSA total of 200 healthy male Balb/c mice were randomized into 4 groups (n=50) for intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of vehicle solution (control) or 75, 150, or 200 mg/kg STZ. The changes of body weight and blood glucose were observed regularly, and the success rate of modeling, mortality rate, and survival of the mice were recorded after the injections. The mice with successfully induced diabetes received subcutaneous or tail vein injection of A20 lymphoma cells, and the rate of tumorigenesis, mortality rate, and survival time were observed at 1 month and 3 months after tumor cell injection.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the mice receiving STZ injection at 150 and 200 mg/kg showed significantly decreased body weight and increased blood glucose (P<0.05), while STZ at 75 mg/kg did not produced such obvious changes. STZ injection at 200 mg/kg resulted in a significantly higher mortality rate and shorter survival time than STZ at 150 mg/kg (P<0.05). In the control group and 150 and 200 mg/kg STZ groups, the rate of tumorigenesis or mortality rate showed no significant differences after subcutaneous injection of A20 lymphoma cells (P>0.05), but differed significantly at 3 months after tail vein injection of the tumor cells (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntraperitoneal injection of STZ at 150 mg/kg is associated with a low mortality rate, a high successful modeling rate of diabetes and a long survival time in mice, and is therefore optimal for establishing diabetic mouse models bearing transplanted tumors.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; chemically induced ; Injections ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Streptozocin ; administration & dosage

Objective To determine the optimal dosing of streptozotocin (STZ) for establishing lymphoma-bearing diabetic mouse models. Methods A total of 200 healthy male Balb/c mice were randomized into 4 groups (n=50) for intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of vehicle solution (control) or 75, 150, or 200 mg/kg STZ. The changes of body weight and blood glucose were observed regularly, and the success rate of modeling, mortality rate, and survival of the mice were recorded after the injections. The mice with successfully induced diabetes received subcutaneous or tail vein injection of A20 lymphoma cells, and the rate of tumorigenesis, mortality rate, and survival time were observed at 1 month and 3 months after tumor cell injection. Results Compared with the control group, the mice receiving STZ injection at 150 and 200 mg/kg showed significantly decreased body weight and increased blood glucose (P<0.05), while STZ at 75 mg/kg did not produced such obvious changes. STZ injection at 200 mg/kg resulted in a significantly higher mortality rate and shorter survival time than STZ at 150 mg/kg (P<0.05). In the control group and 150 and 200 mg/kg STZ groups, the rate of tumorigenesis or mortality rate showed no significant differences after subcutaneous injection of A20 lymphoma cells (P>0.05), but differed significantly at 3 months after tail vein injection of the tumor cells (P<0.05). Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 150 mg/kg is associated with a low mortality rate, a high successful modeling rate of diabetes and a long survival time in mice, and is therefore optimal for establishing diabetic mouse models bearing transplanted tumors.

Objective To determine the optimal dosing of streptozotocin (STZ) for establishing lymphoma-bearing diabetic mouse models. Methods A total of 200 healthy male Balb/c mice were randomized into 4 groups (n=50) for intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of vehicle solution (control) or 75, 150, or 200 mg/kg STZ. The changes of body weight and blood glucose were observed regularly, and the success rate of modeling, mortality rate, and survival of the mice were recorded after the injections. The mice with successfully induced diabetes received subcutaneous or tail vein injection of A20 lymphoma cells, and the rate of tumorigenesis, mortality rate, and survival time were observed at 1 month and 3 months after tumor cell injection. Results Compared with the control group, the mice receiving STZ injection at 150 and 200 mg/kg showed significantly decreased body weight and increased blood glucose (P<0.05), while STZ at 75 mg/kg did not produced such obvious changes. STZ injection at 200 mg/kg resulted in a significantly higher mortality rate and shorter survival time than STZ at 150 mg/kg (P<0.05). In the control group and 150 and 200 mg/kg STZ groups, the rate of tumorigenesis or mortality rate showed no significant differences after subcutaneous injection of A20 lymphoma cells (P>0.05), but differed significantly at 3 months after tail vein injection of the tumor cells (P<0.05). Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 150 mg/kg is associated with a low mortality rate, a high successful modeling rate of diabetes and a long survival time in mice, and is therefore optimal for establishing diabetic mouse models bearing transplanted tumors.

Objective:To investigate the allocation of nursing human resources in burn centers in China.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Using a self-designed questionnaire, a survey was carried out from January to March 2022 to investigate the January to December 2021 status of 39 burn centers in China that met the inclusion criteria based on six strategic regions and other regions, including the hospital grade and the region, the number of nurses and opening beds in the burn centers and burn intensive care units (BICUs), the age, working seniority in burn specialty, educational background, professional title, personnel employment, and turnover of nurses and training of newly recruited nurses in the burn centers.Results:This survey covered 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China (excluding Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan region of China). A total of 39 questionnaires were collected, all of which were valid. The 39 burn centers were located in 38 tertiary A hospitals and 1 tertiary B hospital, with 26 burn centers in strategic areas. The nurse/bed ratio of burn centers in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao was the highest, while the nurse/bed ratio of burn centers in border ethnic minority area was the lowest. Except for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, BICUs had been set up in burn centers in other regions. Among the 39 burn centers, the percentage of nurses aged 25 to 34 years was 51.21% (738/1 441), the percentage of nurses worked in burn specialty for less than 5 years was 31.16% (449/1 441), the percentage of nurses with bachelor's degree was 69.74% (1 005/1 441), and the percentage of nurses with nursing professional title was 44.14% (636/1 441), which were the highest. There were significant differences in the employment of nurses, the percentage of permanent nurses in burn centers in the collaborative development zone of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was 82.48% (113/137), while the percentage of permanent nurses in burn centers in important military strategic area was only 9.42% (34/361); the turnover rate of nurses was 9.03% (143/1 584), among which the turnover rate of nurses was 18.14% (80/441) in burn centers in important military strategic area. The training for newly recruited nurses in 39 burn centers was mainly based on the guidance of senior nurses and the pre-job education+specialist training.Conclusions:The burn nursing human resources in strategic areas in China are seriously insufficient and unevenly distributed, with unstable nurse team and lack of standardized specialist training. In particular, the nursing human resources in BICUs need to be equipped and supplemented urgently.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with neuroblastoma (NB) complica-ted with lung or pleural metastasis, further to explore the correlation between characteristics and short-term outcome of NB, so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed concerning the age of onset, clinical features, treatment and outcome of 36 patients with NB who were admitted at Blood Tumor Center, Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University from December 2007 to December 2017.The diagnostic criteria, therapeutic regimen and therapeutic efficacy criteria of the enrolled children were all based on the NB protocol of Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University (BCH-NB-2007), the clinical stage was based on international clinical stage of neuroblastoma (INSS stage), and stratified treatment was conducted according to the BCH-NB risk grouping standard.The follow-up period lasted till October 31, 2018. Results: (1)The common clinical features of grouped children: 36 patients were selected into the group, accounted for 5.99% (36/601 cases) in total hospitalized NB children, they were less than 10 years old, 10 cases under 18 months, and the median age was 29.5 months (9-105 months); 20 cases were male, and 16 cases were female; the primary tumor was located in the retroperitoneal site in 19 cases, accounting for 52.78%, 9 cases in adrenal site, accounting for 25.00%, and 8 cases in mediastinal site, accounting for 22.22%.Risk groups: 29 cases were in high-risk group, 6 cases were in medium-risk group and 1 case was in low-risk group.The main symptoms were of pain onset in 8 cases, fever in 6 cases, local mass in 6 cases, abdominal mass in 4 cases, mediastinal mass in 3 cases, paleness in 3 cases, subcutaneous nodules in 2 cases, abdominal distension in 2 cases, lower limb swelling in 1 case, and diarrhea in 1 case. Among them, 16 cases had respiratory system symptoms first, accounting for 44.4%.(2)Laboratory examination: there were 35 patients of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) ≥25 μg/L on the initial diagnosis, of which 11 cases were more than 370 μg/L, the value of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥717.5 U/L in 25 patients, accounting for 69.44%, and 10 cases were accompanied by N-myc gene amplification.(3)Imaging examination: on the first diagnosis, chest/abdomen CT showed 75.75%(24/33 cases) of pleural or lung involvement, PET-CT showed 81.8% (27/33 cases) of pleural or lung involvement, B-ultrasound showed 41.67%(5/12 cases) of pleural or lung involvement; 3 imaging examinations showed: 1 positive in 16 cases, 2 positive in 16 cases, and 3 positive in 4 cases.(4)Comparison of clinical features of pleural and pulmonary involvement: among the 30 children with pleural involvement, 6 cases had respiratory symptoms, 3 cases had respiratory symptoms on the 6 cases with pulmonary involvement only, and 4 cases with pleural and pulmonary involvement had no respiratory symptoms at first diagnosis.(5)Treatment and outcome: 2 cases died because of critical condition after diagnosis, 5 cases didn′t receive the law treatment, 29 cases accepted law stratification treatment, among them, 1 case in low risk group, INSS-Ⅳ, alleviate current (CR); 4 cases in the moderate group, INSS-Ⅳ, CR in 2 cases, partial response (PR) in 1 case, progress in 1 case, new tumor foci occurring after chemotherapy discontinuation for 13 months. Twenty-four cases were in the high-risk group, event occurred in 7 cases (29.17%) of them, 1 case had progression by postoperative evaluation, 4 cases of progression at 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 months after cessation of chemotherapy, and 2 cases had recurrence at 11 and 17 months after cessation of chemotherapy.Overall survival rate (OS) was 41.4% for all children analyzed by Kaplan-Merier, and 32.9% of them were predicted to have 3-year event-free survival. Conclusions Children with pulmonary or pleural metastasis of neuroblastoma have no specific respiratory symptoms.CT scan might be a useful method for diagnosing the group Ⅳ children with pulmonary or pleural metastasis of neuroblastoma.Moreover, there seemed to be no significant correlation between the N-myc gene expression and survival prognosis of these children.