MRI is a powerful noninvasive imaging tool. Multispectral MRI sequences have been validated to characterize atherosclerotic plaque components, size, thickness and vulnerable plaque in animals and humans. Developments of intravascular MRI (IVMRI) may play an important role in this regard. MRI contrast agents may identify inflammation and thrombus within atherosclerotic plaque. MRI has progressed to be used in serial studies of atherosclerotic plaque progression and regression in the face of therapeutic intervention.

Quality assurance(QA) and Quality Control(QC) of MRI has become very realistic and imperative,which can ensure safety and availability of MRI and improve diagnosis quality.From the practice of the daily grind of MR,the connotation and main content of MR QA and QC are discussed.It is illuminated that MR QA and QC not only should be standardized and systemized,but also needs leaders' recognition and everyone's participation.The responsibility of medical engineers includes emergency maintenance,preventive maintenance,optimization of sequences and parameters,development and application of new techniques Clinical engineers play an irreplaceable and important role in the whole process of MR QA/QC.

PET-CT is a functional imaging device with a complicated imaging theory and technique. It attracts some arguments when applied clinically. This paper discusses mainly its technique problems and its prospects in the future.

The effect and value that are assurance of standard operation in quality control and administration of digital im- ages were discussed. The putting forward concept and aim of standard operation were classified into four grades: best, good, checkout and below standard according to evaluating factors and conditions of standard operation. In order to guarantee the implementation of quality control, medical staff should renew ideas and enhance the consciousness of quality control. The standard operation can be guided and supervised by the director in machine and the system of rewards and penalties can be established. The standard operation has important significance and values, which carry out quality control and quality ad- ministration in medical imaging effectively.

Objective To explore the clinical value of digital radiography with dual-energy subtraction in diagnosis of coronary artery and valve calcification. Methods 920 patients(older than 70) was examined by GE Revolution XRD with chest dual-energy subtraction. The positive rate of calcification of 146 patients who were highly or generally suspected for coronary artery calcification in bone window's and high Kilovotor digital graph of dual-energy subtraction were compared with the result of 16 slices MSCT. Results 135 patients with highly suspected coronary artery calcification and 11 patients with generally suspected coronary artery calcification in bone window's digital graph were examined by 16 slices MSCT. In those 135 patients with highly suspected coronary artery calcification, 128 cases were proved to be positive with 16 slices MSCT. In those 11 patients with generally suspected coronary artery calcification, 3 cases were proved to be positive with 16 slices MSCT. In those 12 patients who were positive with coronary artery calcification in high Kilovotor graph, 10 patients were confirmed to have coronary artery calcification in MSCT. In those 134 patients who were negative with coronary artery calcification in DDR, 126 patients were confirmed to have coronary artery calcification in MSCT. Conclusion Dual-energy subtraction digital radiography can offer potentially important new information in the evaluation of coronary artery calcium.

Objective To study the anatomy of the thoracic outlet and inlet,and to evaluate the CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis on abnormal conditions.Methods CT images of 117 pathologically and clinically proved cases in the zones were analyzed retrospectively.Control group contained 50 normal volunteers who were divided into 5 anatomic regions: region 1 (thyroid zone),region 2 (interior thyroid),region 3 (lateral thyroid),region 4 (posterior thyroid),and region 5 (anterior thyroid).Results Of the 117 cases,there were 11 cases (9.40%) in region 1,8 cases (6.84%) in region 2,72 cases (61.54%) in region 3,1 case (0.85%) in region 4,3 cases (2.56%) in region 5,15 cases (12.8%) in transregions (region 1,3,5),and 7 cases (5.98%) in transregions (region 1,2,3).The disorders were mainly distributed in region 3,in which lymphatic node abnormalities were the most common (55 cases).The 32 cases of abnormal thyroid gland were mainly located in region 1 and involved with other regions.Conclusion The 5 regions divided on CT anatomy of the thoracic outlet and inlet are very useful for the localization and definition in the diagnosis,which have important clinical value.

Biological behavior of tumor has a close relationship with its blood supply from the tumor microvessels.The microvessel density of tumor can affect the progressiveness and prognosis of tumor directly. The application of TACE can kill the tumor cell, destroy its blood vessel, and obstruct its blood supply. The advancement of the tumor micro- vessel variation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is reviewed.

The pathological changes of the lungs after a single exposure to an atmosphere containing 100?15 ppm of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)for 3 hours were observed with optical and electron microscopy in rats.It was found that bronchial epitheliem,alveolar epithelium,pulmonary vessels and pulmonary interstitium were extensively involved.Pulmonary edema,focal pulmonary hemorrhage,exfoliation of the damaged epithelium,and infiltration of neutrophils occurred mainly in the 3rd hour to the 3rd day after H2S intoxication.Chronic inflammatory response and proliferation of fibrous tissue occurred mainly from the 7th to the 15th day after intoxication.Ultrastruc-turally,there were marked changes of alveolar epithelium,phagocytes,vascular endothelium,fi-broblasts,and inflammatory cells.Initial pulmonary edema emerged in the pulmonary interstitium and gradually affected the alveoli.Fragments of alveolar surfactant could be seen in the 3rd hour to the 3rd day after intoxication.These findings indicate that H2S inhalation exerts extensive injurious effects on the lungs in the rats.

At present,there are some problems about teaching acupuncture and massage elective course in colleges of western medicine,which are caused by student's specialty,thinking mode and the teaching material of elective course.To improve the quality of the teaching in acupuncture and massage,it is necessary to reorientate the teaching intention,adjust the course plan.

Objective To evaluate the technique of multi-slice spiral CT angiography and it's value in diagnosing cerebrovascular diseases.Methods 77 cases were studied with GE Discovery Ultra 16-slice spiral CT scanner.The raw data were then transferred to ADW4.1 workstation and reconstructed with Volume Rendering(VR) and Maxium intensity projection(MIP)and Multiplanner Reconstraction(MPR).Results In 77 cases,49 were aneurysms,19 were AVM,7 were vaso-occlusive,2 were Moya-moya disease.Cerebrovascular was dispayed clearly in VR MIP and MPR.The images acquired with VR were more colorful and spatial than MIP and MPR,but the diagnosis value of MIP and MPR were higher.Conclusion MSCTA is an available noninvasive method in diagnosing the cerebrovascular disease.It could define character and position.MSCTA is an effective method and can be an nalterntive of DSA partially.