Objective To explore the effect of NO on secondary spinal cord injury. Method L - arginine{L - Arg} and N - nitric-Larginine methylester{L - NAME} were infused into subarachnoid space of rats 30 min before spinal cord injury(SCI) . Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) at trauma sites was monitored. After SCI by a Laser - Doppler flowmetry and neurological function was evaluated. Result The result showed that L - arg increased SCBF at trauma sites, but exaggerated the SCI. The proper dose of L - NAME decreased early SCBF at trauma sites, but ameliorated neural function. Large dose of L - NAME restricted NO production for a long time and resulted in spinal cord isehemia, thus exacerbating SCI. Conclusion That over - production or over - restriction of NO worsen SCI.

Objective To study the indications of endoscopic treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS).Methods From July 2004 to September 2007,21 patients(24 wrists) with CTS received endoscopic treatment in our hospital.Under local anesthesia,an 1-cm incision was made at the level of the proximal transverse wrist crease ulnar to the palmaris longus tendon.A special cannula was inserted into the carpal tunnel,and then the transverse carpal ligment was cut and the median nerve was decompressed.All the patients were re-examined in 1,2,3,and 5 months postoperation.Results According to the criteria of Kelly,11 cases achieved excellent outcomes in 5 months,meanwhile 6 were good,2(3 wrists) were fair,and 2 were poor.One of the 2 poor cases received a second operation by traditional procedures(nerve release) 7 months after the first surgery,another case were treated by conservative therapy because of sympathetic symptoms.Conclusions ① Endoscopy is the first choice for idiopathic cases,while open surgery should be performed on secondary cases(rheumatic synovitis,fracture deformity,tumar,inflammation,gout,neurodegenerative desease etc.).② The carpal tunnel release should be used for patients with abnormal opponens function of the thumb,as well as advanced cases.③ Routine operation are the first choice for eldly patients but not for the younger ones.

damage possibly by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB,accelerating the apoptosis of pancreatic ceils and reducing release of pancreatic enzyme.

Objective To investigate carpal instability after distal radial fractures have been treated with cast immobilization or operation and its effect on clinical functions.Methods 124 patients with distal radial fracture were treated with cast immobilization,external fixation or plate internal fixation.They were followed up.Their carpal instability was evaluated according to X-ray manifestations before and after treatment;their clinical carpal functions were assessed according to Gartland and Werley scoring system.Results The follow-ups revealed five types of carpal instability:palmar or dorsal shift of the carpus,VISI(volar intercalated segment instability),DISI(dorsal intercalated segment instability)and scapholunate dissociation.The incidence of carpal instability was 58.1%before treatment,21.8%after treatment and 22.6%at the follow-ups.Functional results were excellent and good in 80.6 %of the total patients,in 84.5%of those in the stability group,and in 75.0%of those in the instability group.Conclusions Distal radial fractures usually lead to carpal instability.Operations can correct radius-carpal instability effectively,but it is difficult to correct scapholunate dissociation.The function of carpal joint is evident ly poorer in patients with carpal instability than in those with carpal stability,for it is mainly affected by the integrality of radius-carpal joint.

Objective To detect the properties of new natural porcine ture bones ceramic(TBC) which were processed under different conditions. Methods Fresh porcine ribs were pretreated and divided into three groups: untreated group, deproteinization group and deproteinization and defat group. Then they were calcined under different temperature and duration to get TBC. The morphological features, constitutive components and mechanical properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-rays diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), mechanical assay and so on. Results All TBC possessed the natural porous network system of original bones. EDX showed that the all elements of TBC were Ca and P, the ratio of which was 1.72, and the major mineral composition of TBC was hydroxyapatite(HA). The TBC calcined at the higher than 900℃ temperature for 2 hours had comparative good mechanical strength, otherwise the mechanical strength was too low to act as scaffold materials. Conclusion Morphological features, constitutive components and mechanical properties of differently pretreated TBC were same. The TBC calcined at the temperature of higher than 900℃ for 2 hours had comparative good mechanical strength, and contained only HA with high crystallization. Befroe the TBC becoming an ideal scaffold material, more investigations will be necessary to detect its biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Objective To study the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis following hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(HBV-liver cirrhosis).Methods Bone mineral density(BMD) was measured by NM-300 sigle-energy X-ray acsorptiometry system for 61 patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis and 30 age-matched healthy controls.Serum levels of calcium regulatory hormones(CRH),1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)_2D_3],parathyroid hormone(PTH),calcitonin(CT),osteocalcin(BGP),interleukin-1?(IL-1?),interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor-necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),and urine level of crosslaps were measured in these patients and controls.Patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis were divided into two groups,osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic,based on their BMD in the ulna and radius,for comparison.Results BMD of the ulna and radius in patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis were significantly lower than those in controls.Serum levels of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 and BGP in patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis were significantly lower than those in controls,and much lower in osteoporotic group than that in non-osteoporotic one.While urine level of crosslaps increased significantly in patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis than in controls, much more increased in the those with osteoporosis than those without osteoporosis.Serum level of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 correlated with serum levels of BGP and BMD of the ulna and radius.Urine level of crosslaps correlated inversely with BMD of the ulan and radius in osteoporotic patients,but not in non-osteoporotic ones.Serum levels of IL-1?,IL-6 and(TNF-?) and urine level of crosslaps increased significantly in patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis than in controls,as well as increased significantly in those with osteoporosis than in those without osteoporosis.Serum levels of IL-1?,IL-6 and TNF-? and urine level of crosslaps correlated inversely with BMD of the ulna,particularly more significantly in those with osteoporosis than those without osteoporosis.Conclusions Two factors,less osteogenesis and more osteolysis,existed in patients with HBV-liver cirrhosis.Serum level of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 and serum levels of IL-1?,IL-6 and(TNF-?) played an important role in weakened bone formation and in increased bone resorption,respectively.Adequate supplementation of vitamin D_3 and reducing serum levels of IL-1?,IL-6 and TNF-? may be very important for prevention and treatment of hepatic bone disease.

OBJECTIVE： To study the anti-thrombotic， choleretic and anti-ulcerous actions of Rhizoma Ligustici.METHODS： Experiments were carried out on conventional models of choleresis and ulceration， and on a thrombotic model of using direct current continuously to stimulate the unilateral carotid artery of anesthetic rat.RESULTS： Alcoholic extract of Rhizoma Ligustici 3g herb/kg and 10g herb/kg id or ig， increased choleresis and prolonged the time for arterial thrombosis induced by electric stimulation in rats， but did not prolonged coagulative time， PT and KPTT.The extract 5g herb/kg and 15g herb/kg ig， inhibited the formation of gastric ulcers induced by water immersion， stress， HCl and indomethacin-alcohol in mice.CONCLUSION： Rhizoma Ligustici has anti-thrombotic choleretic and anti-ulcerous actions.

Objective:To explore the effect elements of teaching quality in a constitution,to learn the attitudes from different level of people towards effect elements of teaching quality and to examine the ways to guarantee the improvement of teaching quality and the complement of cultivating talents.Methods:The index of appraisal system of teaching quality originates from the transformation achievements of the study in our school "To apply the ISO9000 standard to construction assurance system of medical education quality".The investigation subjects are all the teaching and administration staff and students of the school.The investigation involves index of 4 levels,6 aspects and 84 observation points.The statistical analysis is carried on in 3 levels:the entire school,the teachers and the students.Results:The sequence of the index of 4 levels of influencing teaching quality is made clear and analyzed,and the improvement proposals are also given.

Objective To investigate the surgical indications and repair methods for the treatment of electrical bums in the limbs.Methods Thirty-eight cases since May,1997 to June,2014 who underwent flap treatment in 7-14 days after electrical bums was summarized.Among these patients,4 cases were treated by local flaps,1 case was treated by thenar flap,2 cases were treated by dorsal island skin flap of the index finger,1 case was treated by cross-leg flap,1 case was treated by medial plantar skin flap;2 cases were treated by pedicle latissimus dorsi flaps,4 cases were treated by antebrachial flap with a pedicle of the posterior interosseous artery,4 cases were treated by metacarpal artery reversed island flaps,10 cases were treated by groin flaps;1 case was treated by free radial artery flap,1 case was treated by free latissimus dorsi flap,3 cases were treated by free anterolateral thigh flaps;1 case was treated by reverse island forearm posterior interosseous flap,2 cases were treated by posterior perforator reversed island flaps of the lower leg,1 case was treated by anterolateral perforator reversed island flaps of the lower leg.The area of flap was from 42.0 cm × 13.0 cm to 6.0 cm × 3.0 cm.The survival rate of the flap,the appearance and function of limb were observed.Results All these patients were followed up from 4 months to 3 years 6 months,the mean time was 6 months and 20 days.Thirty-five flaps survived completely,accounting for 92.1％,and 3 cases suffered partial necrosis at the distal end,accounting for 7.9％.Secondary healing was achieved by dress changing.The appearance of the limbs was satisfactory.Among the 28 cases whose bums were on the hands,the total number of excellent and good was 15,medium was 8,and 5 poor cases.The excellent and good rate was 57.1％.Conclusion Early repairing of the electrical burns with flaps is the effective method for protecting the deep structures of the limb,preventing and control the secondary infections and preserve the function of the limbs.

Objective To study the effects of angiogenesis inhibitor SU5416 on the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer in SD rat model. Methods Dimethylbenzanthracine (9 mg) (DMBA),was implanted into the parenchyma of Sprague Dawley rat pancreas to induce pancreatic cancer. Rats with established pancreatic carcinoma were randomly divided into 4 groups (15 rats each) to receive every the other day for consecutive 13 weeks before sacrifice peritoneal cavity injection of: Normal saline (control),5-fluorouracil 30 mg?kg -1 (5-Fu group),SU5416 16 mg?kg -1 (SU5416 group),and both 5-Fu and SU5416(combined treatment group). Tumor weight,inhibition rates,intratumoral microvessel density (MVD),apoptotic index (AI) and metastasis were evaluated. Results Tumor weight was (1.15?0.21) g,(0.68?0.42) g,(0.31?0.11) g,(0.19?0.06) g respectively;the inhibition rate was 0,48%,80%,85% respectively;the intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was (12.3?3.2),(11.4?3.8),(2.1?1.5),(1.8?1.1) respectively;The apoptotic index (AI) was (2.64?1.86)%,(5.71?3.14)%,(13.21?4.26)%,(21.12?7.15)% respectively. Peritoneal metastasis was significantly less severe in 5-Fu group,SU5416 group and combined group than that in control group(83% versus 46%,25% and 0) ( P