For advanced lung cancer,multimodality treatment is the main stream.Patients with locally advanced disease may have long-term survival rate with radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy.Patients with advanced metastatic disease may achieve improved survival and palliation of symptoms with chemotherapy.Here we reviewed the recent development in treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

3 months. Female gender, adenocarcinoma history, non-smoking history, good PS and the presence of multiple lung metastases are associated with improved responsiveness to Gefitinib. Reflecting the results of previous clinical trials, the reports indicate that Gefitinib is generally well tolerated by Asian patients. The incidence of interstitial lung disease appears to be higher in Japanese than non-Japanese patients, although the reason for this is not clear. Recent findings regarding Erlotinib and other targeted therapy among Asian patients are discussed.

Recent progress in molecular biology has enabled us to better understand the molecular mechanism underlying pathogenesis of human malignancy including lung cancer, the advent of therapies based on mechanisms that target critical molecular pathways of tumors has evoked considerable interest. The therapeutic index is high, and optimally effective treatment can be achieved at a dose below the maximal tolerated dose,giving us a better understanding of the human lung cancer. This review focuses on the advance of targeted therapy for the first-line, second-line treatment or the maintenance treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the suitability of the biodegradable microsphere encapsulation of adenovirus as a targeting vector for gene therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Encapsulate the recombinant adenovirus in PLG poly (lactic/glycolic) copolymer by the solution evaporation method, the release test and the bioactivity of viruses incorporated in vitro were studied. Results More than 19.3% of adenovirus was encapsulated in PLG microspheres. The release test shows that the adenovirus was released for more than 200 h, 50% were shed within the first 100 h, and their activity was retained. Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus can be formulated in a polymer preparation of PLG with retention of bioactivity. It may be a valuable vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer.

Objective To explore the mechanism of gefitinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in vitro. Methods The effects of the gefitinib in five human NSCLC cell lines (A549, SPC-A-1, H460, H1229, 95D) were studied. The inhibition of cell proliferation in each group were measured by CCK8;The status of apoptosis cells were observed using flow cytometry after PI marked;invasion of lung cancer cell inhibited by gefitinib were assessed by transwell technique;The drug was detected by western blot on the proliferation-related signaling protein. Results The proliferation and invasive capacity of NSCLC cells were inhibited by gefitinib (P < 0.05). In gefitinib group, the apoptosis rates of A549 [(9.6±0.73) %]and SPC-A-1[(14.3±1.12) %]were higher than that of control group[(3.1±0.29) %](t =11.16,P =0.001;t =4.726, P =0.009). Expression of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK protein levels were significantly down regulated in A549 cells when gefitinib was given after 72 hours (t =6.656, P =0.003;t =16.441, P =0.0001;t =3.736, P =0.020). Conclusion Gefitinib can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cell, also can induce apoptosis in vitro and most likely to contribute to the inhibition of key enzymes in EGFR signaling transduction pathway.

As a hot topic, biomarkers can provide reliable evidence for the individualized treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. With the further study of molecular biology and development of new drugs,biomarkers have shown a broad prospect in clinical application. Combining with the research in recent years,this review describes the progress in biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer.

A platinum-based doublet with a third-generation agent represents the standard first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with good performance status (PS). Traditional chemotherapy provides response rates of 20 %-40 % and a median survival of 8-10 months. In an attempt to improve its outcome, alternative schedules have been proposed, namely sequential, alternating, and maintenance therapy. Sequential chemotherapy with a platinum-based doublet followed by a single agent is feasible in patients with good PS; The use of sequential single agents is an option for elderly and frail patients unsuitable for a platinum-based combination. Based on trials published so far, it is unlikely that an alternating chemotherapy strategy will be proved superior to standard chemotherapy in patients with good PS.Consolidation chemotherapy may provide additional benefit for patients achieving disease control after standard first-line chemotherapy.

Objective To establish human lung adenocarcinoma multidrug resistance cell lines in vitro,observe their biological characteristics,and investigate the mRNA expressions of DNA pol?,mdr 1,mrp1,GST-?,lrp and topo Ⅱ genes.Methods Paclitaxel-resistant cell lines(A549/TXL20) were established in vitro by exposure to stepwise increased concentrations of the drug in a cell culture medium.Biological morphology and cell cycles were analyzed by morphometry and flow cytometry.The chemoresistance indexes of cells were measured by methyl tetrazolium assay.Evaluation of growth and in vitro drug sensitivity were performed.RT-PCR was employed to analyze the mRNA expressions of the DNA pol?,mdr 1,mrp1,GST-?,lrp,and topo Ⅱ genes.Results ① Compared with parent cells,the resistant sublines had a lower confluent density.They were smaller and mixed with giant cells in different sizes and with different numbers of nucleoli,and the growth property of A549/TXL20 did not change significantly compared with A549 cell lines.② The resistant cells,A549/TXL20,were 19.3 times more resistant to paclitaxel and 67.4 times more resistant to cisplatin than the parent cells,and also demonstrated cross-resistance to mitomycin,vinblastine,and 5-fluouracil(5-FU). ③ Compared with the A549 celllines,an unreasonably higher level of drug resistance and lower drug concentration was detected in A549/TXL20 cells after exposure to the drug in the culture medium.④ The mRNA expression level of DNA pol?,mdr1,GST-?,mrp1 andlrp genes in A549/TXL20 cells was significantly higher than that in A549 cell lines(P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combined with travoprost in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma.Methods 112 cases(140 eyes)of open-angle glaucoma patients from March 2015 to March 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the group A and the group B 56 cases(70 eyes)in each group.The group A was treated with travoprost therapy,while the group B was given travoprost combined with brinzolamide treatment,the adverse reactions and clinical curative effects in the two groups were observed and compared during treatment.Results After two weeks,one months,three months and six months in the two groups intraocular pressure were significantly lower than those before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but in two weeks,one months,three months and six months in the group B the intraocular pressure was significantly lower than that in the group A,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,two groups of BUT and ST were decreased significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between BUT and ST after treatment,two groups of corneal fluorescein staining and ocular; Bengal staining scores were all significantly higher than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference in corneal fluorescein staining and ocular surface of rose bengal staining between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Brinzolamide combined with travoprost can reduce the intraocular pressure of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma,but can reduce tear film stability,damage the cornea,conjunctiva,reduce tear secretion,there is some damage to the conjunctiva,cornea,similar with travoprost.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of contralateral testicle spermatogenesis impairment following unilateral testicular torsion in rats.Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats(n=24) were randomly divided into 3 groups:group 1(sham-operation),2 and 3,each comprising 8 rats.Under surgical conditions,the left testes of the rats in groups 2 and 3 were rotated through clockwise 720? torsion,then detorsion after 12 h or 24 h,respectively.The contralateral testes were harvested after 1 month and the relative proportions of germ cells were measured by the flow cytometry(FCM).Anti-rat immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibodies against spermatozoa antigens were detected in contralateral testicular tissue by immunohistochemical method.Results In groups 1,2 and 3,the weight of contralateral testis was(1555.73?(72.34)),(1184.20?101.02) and(783.60?117.93)mg,respectively;the number of apoptotic cells was 53.25?8.61,1622.00?129.31 and 3401.25?179.75,respectively;the positive rates of antisperm antibodies were 0,0.55?0.02 and 0.69?0.03,respectively.There were significant differences in above parameters between groups(P