Objective:To investigate the predictive value of myoglobin (Mb) for the prognosis of sepsis related chronic critical illness (CCI).Methods:Retrospective study was conducted on septic patients with the length of ICU stay equal or greater than 14 days, and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score equal or greater than 2 on the 14th day in ICU in the First Department of Critical Care Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2017 to March 2020. Patients′ clinical and laboratory data were collected on the 1st and 14th day in ICU. The survival on day 28 in ICU was recorded. According to the myoglobin levels on day 1 and day 14, all subjects were divided into myoglobin elevation group and decline group. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the cumulative survival rate at day 28. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the prognostic value of myoglobin.Results:A total of 131 patients with sepsis related CCI were recruited, including 58 patients in the elevation group and 73 in the decline group. The Mb level in elevation group on day 1 was significantly lower than that in decline group [172.40(59.99, 430.53) μg/L vs. 413.60(184.40, 1 328.50) μg/L, Z=3.749, P=0.000], and the Mb level on day 14 was the opposite change in two groups [483.65(230.38, 1 471.75)μg/L in elevation group vs. 132.20(76.86, 274.35)μg/L in decline group, Z=5.595, P=0.000]. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the 28-day cumulative survival rate of the elevation group was significantly lower than that of decline group (χ2=7.051, P=0.008). Cox ratio regression analysis suggested that elevated myoglobin was an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in septic patients with CCI ( OR=2.534, 95% CI 1.212-5.295, P=0.013). ROC curve analysis suggested that the sensitivity of myoglobin elevation in predicting mortality related to CCI within 28 days was 64.5%, and the specificity was 32.0% with area under the curve(AUC) 0.661(95% CI 0.550-0.773, P=0.007) and Jorden Index was 0.325. Conclusion:Elevated myoglobin, an independent risk factor for mortality within 28 days in ICU, can predict the prognosis of sepsis related chronic critical illness.

Objective To observe the curative effect of continuous gastrointestinal decompression after gastric lavage with edible oil on saving patients with oral aluminum phosphide poisoning.Methods Seventy-eight patients with oral aluminum phosphide admitted to the Department of Internal Emergency of the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from October 2009 to October 2016 were divided into a mild poisoning group (39 cases), a moderate poisoning group (26 cases) and a severe poisoning group (13 cases) according to clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations, all the patients were treated with continuous gastrointestinal decompression after early gastric lavage with edible oil, including scavenging toxicant, correcting intracellular oxygen intake and metabolic disturbance, and inhibiting and eliminating inflammatory mediators. The difference of remission times of clinical symptoms, recovery times of abnormal indexes and hospitalization times were compared among patients with different disease severities. Results With the aggravation of disease, the remission times of clinical symptoms (hours: from mild to severe were 24±12, 54±18, 84±12), recovery times of abnormal indexes (hours: from mild to severe were 18±6, 72±0, 108±12) and hospitalization times (hours: from mild to severe 48±24, 120±24, 144±24) were all gradually extended. Of the 13 patients with severe poisoning, 2 patients died of multiple organ functional failure (MOF) after 28 hours of treatment because they were incapable of cooperating with continuous gastrointestinal decompression. There were 76 patients were clinically cured, the cure rate being 97.4%. In the follow-ups at 1 month and 6 months after the treatment, no abnormalities were seen.Conclusion Continuous gastrointestinal decompression after early gastric lavage with edible oil for saving patients with oral aluminum phosphide poisoning is an effective therapy worthwhile to be popularized.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of passive leg raising (PLR) test in predicting fluid responsiveness in patients with sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.Methods A prospective observational cohort study was conducted. Thirty-eight patients under mechanical ventilation suffering from sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction admitted to Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit of First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from September 2013 to July 2014 were enrolled. The patients were studied in four phases: before PLR (semi-recumbent position with the trunk in 45°), PLR (the lower limbs were raised to a 45° angle while the trunk was in a supine position), before volume expansion (VE, return to the semi-recumbent position), and VE with infusing of 250 mL 5% albumin within 30 minutes. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded in every phase. The patients were classified into two groups according to their response to VE: responders (at least a 15% increase in stroke volume,ΔSVVE≥15%), and non-responders. The correlations among all changes in hemodynamic parameters were analyzed by linear correlation analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to assess the value of hemodynamic parameters before and after PLR in predicting fluid responsiveness.Results Of 38 patients, 25 patients were responders, and 13 non-responders. There was no significant difference in the baseline and hemodynamic parameters at semi-recumbent position between the two groups. The changes in SV and cardiac output (CO) after PLR (ΔSVPLR andΔCOPLR) were significantly higher in responders than those of non-responders [ΔSVPLR: (14.7±5.7)%vs. (6.4±5.3)%,t = 4.304,P = 0.000;ΔCOPLR: (11.2±7.5)% vs. (3.4±2.3)%,t = 3.454,P = 0.001], but there was no significant difference in the changes in systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and heart rate after PLR (ΔSBPPLR,ΔMAPPLR,ΔPPPLR andΔHRPLR) between two groups.ΔSVVE in responders was significantly higher than that of the non-responders [(20.8±5.5) % vs. (5.0±3.7) %,t = 8.347,P = 0.000]. It was shown by correlation analysis thatΔSVPLR was positively correlated withΔSVVE (r = 0.593,P = 0.000),ΔCOPLR was positively correlated withΔSVVE (r = 0.494,P = 0.002). The area under ROC curve (AUC) ofΔSVPLR≥8.1% for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.860±0.062 (P = 0.000), with sensitivity of 92.0% and specificity of 70.0%; the AUC ofΔCOPLR≥5.6% for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.840±0.070 (P = 0.000), with sensitivity of 84.0%and specificity of 76.9%; the AUC ofΔMAPPLR≥6.9% for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.662±0.089, with sensitivity of 68.0% and specificity of 76.9%; the AUC ofΔSBPPLR≥6.4% for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.628±0.098, with sensitivity of 76.0% and specificity of 61.5%; the AUC ofΔPPPLR≥6.2% for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.502±0.094, with sensitivity of 56.0% and specificity of 53.8%; the AUC ofΔHRPLR≥-1.7%for predicting fluid responsiveness was 0.457±0.100, with sensitivity of 56.0% and specificity of 46.2%.Conclusion In patients with sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction, changes in SV and CO induced by PLR are accurate indices for predicting fluid responsiveness, but the changes in HR, MAP, SBP and PP cannot predict the fluid responsiveness.

Objective:To explore the correlation between serum NLR and SII levels and postmenopausal osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) and to analyze the short-term prognostic value.Methods:A total of 132 patients with postmenopausal OVCF admitted to our hospital from Dec. 2018 to Dec. 2021 were selected as the study group, and 98 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis but did not suffer from OVCF were selected as the control group. According to the recurrence of postmenopausal OVCF fractures, the ROC curves of NLR and SII were plotted, and their prognostic value for postmenopausal osteoporosis OVCF was analyzed.Results:NLR level was 2.96±0.41 and STI level was 39.41±23.45 in the control group. The level of NLR was 3.42±0.32 and SII was 431.77±31.14 in the research group ( P<0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that lumbar bone density ( OR=0.030, 95%CI: 0.001-0.832, P=0.042) , NLR level ( OR=29.43, 95%CI: 9.840-103.6, P=0.001) and SII level ( OR=1.048, 95%CI: 1.034-1.066, P=0.001) were all risk factors affecting postmenopausal OVCF. NLR (3.77±0.22) and SII (441.32±29.68) in the recurrent fracture group were higher than NLR (3.27±0.22) and SII (426.87±30.57) in the non-recurrent fracture group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05) , multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed lumbar spine bone density ( OR=8.56×10 4, 95% CI: 3.884-2.992×10 10, P=0.045) , NLR level ( OR=1.243×10 -8, 95% CI: 2.911×10 -13-1.072×10 -5, P=0.001) and SII level ( OR=0.938, 95% CI: 0.885-0.976, P=0.008) were all influencing factors affecting the postoperative treatment effect of postmenopausal OVCF, and ROC results showed that both NLR (AUC=0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.94, P<0.001) and SII (AUC=0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.85, P<0.001) had good prognostic value for postmenopausal OVCF. Conclusion:NLR and SII are risk factors for OVCF in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients, and have good short-term prognostic value.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of lateral rectus abdominis approach combined with presacral decompression for surgical treatment of old Denis type II sacral fractures complicated with upper sacral plexus injury.Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed on the clinical data of 9 patients with old Denis type II sacral fractures complicated with upper sacral plexus injury (L 4-S 1) admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from June 2010 to December 2016. There were 6 males and 3 females, aged (33.1±7.5)years (range, 15-58 years). Embolization of internal iliac artery and preimplantation of abdominal aortic balloon were performed 2 hours before operation under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Surgery was performed using a single lateral rectus abdominis approach combined with presacral decompression. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and full weight-bearing time were recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and European QOL Five Dimensional health scale (EQ-5D) were compared before and after operation. The Gibbons' impairment scale was used to assess neurological function. X-ray and CT scan were used to observe internal fixation and fracture healing. The complications during and after operation were recorded. Results:The patients were followed up for 24-52 months [(35.2±5.2)months]. The operation time was (2.9±0.6)hours. The intraoperative bleeding was (573±138)ml, and the full weight-bearing time was (11.6±1.2)weeks. X-ray and CT scan showed bone healing in all patients at the latest follow-up. The VAS and EQ-5D scale improved from preoperative (7.8±0.6)points and (0.34±0.07)points to the final follow-up of (0.8±0.3)points and (0.81±0.05)points ( P<0.05). According to Gibbons classification, 8 patients were grade I and 1 patient was grade II one year after operation ( P<0.01). Namely, the radiation pain of lower extremities was significantly improved in all patients, among which 8 patients showed pain disappeared and completely returned to normal and 1 patient showed residual numbness and hypoesthesia of the affected limbs. No major complications (eg, iatrogenic lumbosacral plexus injury, vital blood vessels or pelvic organs injury) occurred during the operation. During the follow-up period, only one patient developed traumatic hip arthritis and underwent total hip arthroplasty 6 months after operation. Fractures of the remaining patients were healed well without complications like infection, pressure ulcer or implant failure. Conclusions:For old Denis type II sacral fractures complicated with upper sacral plexus injury, lateral rectus abdominis approach combined with presacral decompression can fully decompress the upper sacral plexus nerve, relieve pain, and promote functional rehabilitation, with low incidence of complications. It is an alternative surgical method for the treatment of old Denis type II sacral fractures complicated with upper sacral plexus injury.

Objective:To investigate the high-risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 after mastectomy, establish a nomogram prediction model, perform risk stratification, and screen the radiotherapy benefit populations. Methods:Clinical data of 936 patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 breast cancer undergoing mastectomy in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and 908 cases had complete follow-up data. They were divided into the radiotherapy (RT) group ( n=583) and non radiotherapy (NRT) group ( n=325) according to the radiotherapy. After propensity score matching (PSM) was performed 1 vs. 1, 298 cases were assigned into the RT group and 298 in the NRT group. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between two groups using log-rank test. Nomogram prediction model was established, the survival differences were compared among different risk groups, and the radiotherapy benefit populations were screened. Results:Univariate analysis showed that the 5- and 8-year OS and DFS in the RT group were significantly better than those in the NRT group (both P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor quadrant, number of lymph node metastases, T staging, and Ki-67 level were the independent prognostic factors for OS. Age, tumor quadrant, and T staging were the independent prognostic factors for DFS. The OS nomogram analysis showed that the OS of patients in the high-risk group was significantly improved by post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) ( P=0.001), while PMRT did not show an advantage in the low- and medium-risk groups ( P=0.057, P=0.099). The DFS nomogram analysis showed that DFS was significantly improved by PMRT in patients in the medium- and high-risk groups ( P=0.036, P=0.001), whereas the benefits from PMRT were not significant in the low-risk group ( P=0.475). Conclusions:For patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 breast cancer after mastectomy, age ≤ 40 years, tumor located in the inner quadrant or central area, T 2 staging, 2-3 lymph node metastases, Ki-67>30% are the high-risk factors affecting clinical prognosis. The nomogram prediction model can screen the populations that can benefit from PMRT, providing reference for clinical decision-making.

BACKGROUNDMany studies have shown that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) could clean lactate and treat the hyper-lactatemia. On the contrary, some other studies found that filter lactate clearance only accounted for a very small part of total lactate clearance and the hemofilter's contribution to the overall lactate clearance was negligible. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various doses of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on plasma lactate elimination in critically ill patients.

METHODSPatients were divided into three groups according to their incipient plasma lactate concentration. Group A: lactate ≤ 2 mmol/L, group B: lactate 2-5 mmol/L, group C: lactate ≥ 5 mmol/L. Three different doses (20 ml × kg(-1)× h(-1), 35 ml × kg(-1)× h(-1) and 45 ml × kg(-1)× h(-1)) of CVVH were applied to critically ill patients who experiencing CVVH. The concentrations of plasma lactate in pre-(A), post-dialyzer (V) sites and ultrafiltrate were measured after each dosage of CVVH was carried out for 30 minutes. Rate of lactate clearance by the filter (RLC) and filter lactate clearance (FLC) and Lactate-Sieving Coefficient (LSC) were calculated under different circumstances, including different doses of CVVH and different incipient lactate levels.

RESULTSFifteen patients were enrolled and 104 blood samples were drawn and lactate concentrations were measured in this study. RLC was found increased ((9.36 ± 9.73) mmol/h, (13.92 ± 12.56) mmol/h and (16.52 ± 12.71) mmol/h, P < 0.05 respectively) with the dose of CVVH increased. RLC was also increased ((3.46 ± 1.46), (10.38 ± 5.50) and (24.53 ± 14.69) mmol/h, P < 0.05 respectively) with the incipient lactate increased. FLC was increased ((1.95 ± 0.63), (2.95 ± 0.74) and (3.45 ± 0.54) L/h, P < 0.05 respectively) with the dose of CVVH increased. There was no significant difference of LSC in different doses of CVVH and different incipient lactate levels.

CONCLUSIONSPlasma lactate can be eliminated by CVVH and different doses of CVVH affect the rate of lactate clearance in critically ill patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Hemofiltration ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged