Objective To explore the relationship of plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) with cardiovascular risk,the severity of coronary heart disease(CHD),and the short-term prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods 154 patients with type 2 diabetes,of them 95 cases complicated with CHD and 65 with hyper-tension were selected in this study. The CHD patients were diveded into 3 groups: AMI(n=32), UAP(n=33) and SAP(n=30). The relationship of the plasma BNP levels with cardiovascular risks, with each coronary heart disea-ses,were observed. The patients were followed up for 6 months to study the predicting role of BNP on the death in pa-tients accompanied with CHD. Results The plasma BNP level was (397.34±217.79) ng/L, which was correlated with age, CRP, hypertension and CHD (r=0.631,0.672, 0.762,0.857, P<0.05 for each);the plasma BNP levels increased with age(r=0.896,P<0.01):(57.6±12.3) ng/L in patients <50 years old,(146.2±53.4)ng/L in patients 50≤and < 59 years old, (388.4±67.5) ng/in patients 60≤and < 69 years old, and (423.8±132.6) ng/L in patients≥70 years old (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The plasma BNP levels, was higher in patients with hyper-tension than that in patients without hypertension [(314.7±125.3) ng/L vs (136.8±98.7) ng/L, P<0.01];Higher in patients with CHD than that in patients without CHD [(425.03±200.80)ng/L vs (37.64±21.57) ng/L,P<0.01)]. The short-term prognosis of patients with CHD was correlated with the levels of BNP, and BNP levels≥485 ng/L may be an independent predicting factor for cardiac death within one month. Conclusions Plas-ma levels of BNP were associated with some cardiovascular risks,which may be one of biomarkers for cardiovascular risks in patient complicated with CHD.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ear, Middle ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Mastoid ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of spermatogenic arrest with the expression of AR and HSP90alpha.

METHODSThe two-step immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of AR and HSP90alpha in the testicular biopsy specimens of 57 infertile men with spermatogenic arrest, compared with those taken from 15 normal healthy men.

RESULTSAR was expressed in the nuclei of the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids of the normal testicular biopsy, but the intensity of the AR expression showed difference in each type of cells. Furthermore, the high expression of AR in spermatogonia and spermatids was on the margin of the cytoplasm, and perinuclear (forming a ring-like structure) were very distinctive in the spermatogenic arrest testicular biopsy specimens. HSP90alpha was expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells and myoid cells in the normal testicular tissues, but highly expressed in the testicular tissues with spermatogenic arrest. The immunostaining intensity of HSP90alpha showed significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two kinds of testicular tissues.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that the abnormal expression sites of AR may make the androgen receptor unable to mediate androgen into the nucleus, which may down-regulate the gene transcription activity of spermatogenic cells. It is possible that the high expression of HSP90alpha may lead to a dramatic decrease in AR stability and an increase in AR abiquitirylation.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; metabolism ; Male ; Oligospermia ; complications ; metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen ; biosynthesis ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of mifepristone on the expression of chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit (beta-CG) and collagen type IV in female Rhesus monkey decidua and villus during the first trimester of pregnancy.

METHODSEighteen sexually mature female Rhesus monkeys were allowed to cohabitate with their male counterparts and diagnosed as being pregnant by B-ultrasound at days 38-45 of the menstrual cycle. They were randomly divided into mifepristone treatment group (15 mg/ml.kg.day, 3 days), control group(no treatment) and CMC-Na treatment group(0.5% CMC-Na, 1 ml/kg.day, 3 days). The content and distribution of chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit and collagen type IV in the female Rhesus monkeys were examined by immunohistochemical technique.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the immunohistochemical reaction intensity of chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit in the plasm of stroma cells, glandular epithelial cells and decidual cells of decidua, and synctial trophoblast cells of villus significantly decreased in the mifepristone treatment group. The positive staining of collagen type IV surrounding the epithelial glandular basal membrane, decidual cells and blood vessels in decidua and surrounding the synctial trophoblast cells in villus were significantly reduced.

CONCLUSIONMifepristone may have a strong effect in decreasing the bioactivity of beta-CG in decidua and the synthesis of beta-CG in villus, and in accelerating the degradation of collagen type IV in decidua and villus.

Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human ; analysis ; Chorionic Villi ; chemistry ; Collagen Type IV ; analysis ; Decidua ; chemistry ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macaca mulatta ; Mifepristone ; pharmacology ; Pregnancy

Objective To analyze basic data and outcomes in Chengdu Stroke Registry.Methods The stroke patients consecutively admitted to Department of Neurology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University since March 1,2002 were prospectively registered.The baseline demographic,risk factors,treatment,and outcome data was recorded with standardized stroke register form by trained specialists.The patients were followed up at seven days,one,three,six months and one year after onset of the stroke for death and disability.Results A total of 3123 consecutive patients were registered between March 1,2002 and August 31,2006,of which 65.5％ came from urban areas and 34.5％ from rural areas.The age was (63.05 ± 17.98) years old and male accounted for 60.3％.Ninety-seven percent (3028/3123) of patients completed CT or MRI scanning during hospitalization.A total of 1804 patients were included between March 2002 and September 2004,of which ischemic stroke accounted for 62.1％ (1120/1804),intracranial hemorrhage 28.4％ (513/1804),subarachnoid hemorrhage 4.0％ (72/1804) and TIA 5.5％ (99/1804).The median NIHSS score on admission was 8(3-15) points in patients with cerebral hemorrhage,and 5(2-10) points in patients with ischemic stroke.Compared with the patients with intracranial hemorrhage,patients with ischemic stroke more frequently had a history of diabetes (OR =2.427,95％ CI 1.811- 3.253,P=0.000),atrial fibrillation (OR=6.121,95％ CI3.535-10.60,P=0.000),coronary heart disease (OR=4.144,95％ CI 2.944-5.832,P =0.000) and TIA (OR=4.342,95％ CI 1.726-10.92,P =0.001 ),and less alcohol consumption ( OR =0.740,95％ CI 0.611-0.896,P =0.002 ).The proportion of in-hospital treatments were thrombolysis 0.9％,anti-platelet therapy 83.0％,mannitol 23.5％,neuroprotective agents (citicoline) 68.1％,and Chinese herbal medicine 89.7％.Case fatality rate was 10.7％ and 13.9％ respectively at 7 days and one month for patients with intracranial hemorrhage,3.0％ and 5.2％ respectively for ischemic stroke.Death or disability was 40.4％,40.3％ and 38.9％ in patients with intracranial hemorrhage and 37.1％,35.0％ and 33.4％ for ischemic stroke at the end of 3,6,12 months respectively.Conclusions Our stroke registry is featured with the largest sample,and the longest period of consecutively registration.It provides an important platform for clinical investigation of stroke.Our study suggested case fatality and disability is lower in this group than in other ethics.Above features should be considered in design of future clinical trials in China.

OBJECTIVETo describe dietary sodium intakes and resources among residents in Shandong province.

METHODSA total of 2184 subjects were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method from 18-69 years old people in Shandong province in June, 2011. A total of 2140 subjects completed the study, the completion rate was 98.0%. Three-day (24-hour per day) dietary recalls and weighting methods were conducted to collect information about all the foods and condiments consumed by the subjects. Individual dietary sodium intake was calculated, the differences of dietary sodium intake among subjects with different characteristics were analyzed, and the proportions of different dietary sodium resources were also analyzed.

RESULTSThe amount of individual dietary sodium intake was 5745.0 (95%CI:5427.6-6062.5) mg/d in Shandong; 6147.4 (95%CI: 5823.8-6471.0) mg/d for male residents, 5339.3 (95%CI:5005.8-5672.8) mg/d for female residents. There was a significant difference between males and females (F = 75.22, P < 0.01). The amount of individual dietary sodium intake was 5910.1 (95%CI:5449.3-6370.8) mg/d, 5341.6 (95%CI:5007.0-5676.1) mg/d for rural residents and urban residents respectively, and there was also a significant difference (F = 5.53, P < 0.05). The amount of condiment sodium intake was 4640.3 (95%CI:4360.2-4920.4) mg/d, which was the largest contributor to sodium intake, accounting for 80.8% (95%CI:79.9%-81.6%) of total intake. Sodium intake from cereals was 650.7 (95%CI: 590.5-711.0) mg/d, accounting for 11.3% (95%CI:10.3%-12.3%) of total intake. Sodium intake from eggs was 118.9 (95%CI:95.2-142.6) mg/d, accounting for 2.1% (95%CI:1.6%-2.6%) of total intake. The amount of manufactured food sodium intake was 582.1(95%CI: 497.8-666.4) mg/d, accounting for 10.1% (95%CI:8.9%-11.4%) of total intake.

CONCLUSIONSodium intakes remain high among residents of Shandong province, and sodium from condiments was the largest source of dietary sodium intake, sodium of manufactured food only accounting for small part.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Condiments ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet Surveys ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sodium, Dietary ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference and correlation between dietary salt intakes assessed by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method.

METHODSAll 2 184 subjects aged 18 to 69 were selected by multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method in Shandong province in June to September, 2011. Dietary salt intakes were measured by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method. The information on gender, age, dining locations and labour intensity of members dining at home for 3 days were recorded. And the dietary habits were surveyed by questionnaire.

RESULTSSalt intakes were 14.0, 12.0 and 10.5 g/d assessed by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire, respectively. Comparing with 24 hours urinary Na method, salt intakes assessed by food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method were 2.0 g (14.3% undervalued) and 3.4 g (24.3% undervalued) less, respectively. Comparing with 24 hours urinary Na method, the proportion of individuals with salt intake over-reported and under-reported were 42.4% (856/2 020) and 55.3% (1 117/2 020) by food weighted record method, and were 20.7% (418/2 020) and 16.3% (329/2 020) by food frequency questionnaire method, respectively; the proportion of individuals with salt intakes within ± 25% of 24 hours urinary Na method were 36.9% (745/2 020) and 28.4% (574/2 020), respectively. Salt intakes assessed by 24 hours urinary method correlated significantly with both salt intakes assessed by food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method; the correlation coefficients were 0.13 and 0.07, respectively. With the increasing of salt intakes by subjects' self-judgment, salt intakes were all rising significantly using three survey methods. Salt intakes of three group population of light, moderate and partial taste salty were 13.6, 13.6 and 14.7 g/d by 24 hours urinary Na method (F = 0.47, P < 0.05); 11.0, 12.0 and 12.7 g/d by food weighted record method (F = 5.83, P < 0.05), and 9.3, 10.2 and 11.9 g/d by food frequency questionnaire method (F = 5.83, P < 0.05), respectively.

CONCLUSIONComparing with 24 hours urinary method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method would undervalue dietary salt intake. Salt intake status can be more accurately assessed by adjusting the underestimation rate.

Data Collection ; Diet ; Feeding Behavior ; Food ; Humans ; Sodium, Dietary ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the progression of breast cancer in mice induced by chronic binding stress and the regulatory mechanism of Xiaoyao SAN based on TGF-β1/CD147 signal pathway.Methods 40 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into tumor group,model group,Xiaoyaosan group and Mifepristone group,and then 4T1 cell line was inoculated into the armpits of each group of mice.After Tumor formation,mice in all groups except tumor group were subjected to chronic restraint stress for 21 days.Meanwhile,mice in Xiaoyaosan and Mifepristone groups were gavaged with the corresponding drugs,and mice in the other two groups were gavaged with normal saline.After the modeling,the mice were sacrificed after anaesthesia.The weight and volume of the tumors and visceral index of the mice were measured.The contents of serum tumor markers(CA199,CEA,VEGF),serum neurotransmitters(DA and CORT),and inflammatory mediators(TGF-β1 and IL-10)in tumor tissues were detected by Elisa.The expressions of iNOS and Arg-1,the polarization markers of macrophages,and the expressions of CD147 and its downstream signaling molecules MMP2,MMP9 and VEGF in tumor tissues were all detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with tumor group,in model group,tumor weight and volume,serum CA199,CEA,VEGF,CORT content,tumor TGF-β1 and IL-10 content were significantly increased;visceral index and serum DA content were significantly reduced;the expression of M2-type polarization marker Arg-1 in tumor macrophages was significantly increased,while the expression of M1-type polarization marker iNOS was significantly decreased;the expressions of CD147 and its downstream signaling molecules MMP2,MMP9 and VEGF were significantly increased.Both Xiaoyaosan and mifepristone could effectively reverse the above changes.Conclusion The mechanism of chronic restraint stress promoting breast cancer progression in mice is related to the increased release of TGF-β1 from M2-type polarization of tumor-associated macrophages,which activates CD147 and its downstream related signals.Xiaoyaosan could relieve the M2-type polarization of macrophages caused by increased corticosterone under stress conditions,reduce the production of TGF-β1,inhibit CD147 and its downstream signal,and thus inhibit the progression of breast cancer caused by chronic restraint stress in mice.

Objective:To establish the acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture (ASOTLF) classification system, and to examine the reliability and evaluate the effect of clinical application.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 1 293 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture(OTLF) admitted to Honghui Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. There were 514 males and 779 females, aged 57-90 years [(71.4±6.3)years]. The T value of bone mass density was -5.0--2.5 SD [(-3.1±-0.4)SD]. According to the clinical symptoms a and fracture morphology, OTLF was divided into 4 types, namely type I(I occult fracture), type II(compressed fracture), type III (burst fracture) and type IV(unstable fracture). The type II was subdivided into three subtypes (type IIA, IIB, IIC), and the Type III into two subtypes (type IIIA, IIIB). of all patients, 75 patients (5.8%) were with type I, 500 (38.7%) with type II A, 134 (10.4%) with type IIB, 97 (7.5%) with type IIC, 442 (34.2%) with type IIIA, 27(2.1%) with type IIIB and 18 (1.4%) with type IV. After testing the validity of the classification, different treatment methods were utilized according to the classification, including percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for Type I, PVP after postural reduction for Type II, percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for Type IIIA, posterior reduction and decompression, bone graft fusion and bone cement-augmented screw fixation for Type IIIB, and posterior reduction, bone graft fusion and bone cement-augmented screw fixation for Type IV. The visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Frankel grade of spinal cord injury, local Cobb Angle, and vertebral body angle (vertebral body angle) were recorded in all patients and in each type of patients before surgery, at 1 month after surgery and at the last follow-up. The neurological function recovery and complications were also recorded.Results:The patients were followed up for 24-43 months [(29.9±5.1)months]. A total of 3 000 assessments in two rounds were conducted by three observers. The overall κ value of inter-observer credibility was 0.83, and the overall κ value of intra-observer credibility was 0.88. The VAS and ODI of all patients were (5.8±0.7)points and 72.5±6.6 before surgery, (1.8±0.6)points and 25.0±6.3 at 1 month after surgery, and (1.5±0.6)points and 19.5±6.2 at the last follow-up, respectively (all P<0.05). The Cobb angle and vertebral body angle of all patients were (13.0±9.1)° and (8.0±4.6)° before surgery, (7.9±5.2)° and (4.6±2.9)° at 1 month after surgery, and (9.1±6.0)° and (5.8±3.0)° at the last follow-up, respectively (all P<0.05). At the last follow-up, VAS, ODI, Cobb Angle and VBA of each type of patients were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (all P<0.05). The spinal cord compression symptoms were found 1 patient with type IV and 5 patients with type IIIB preoperatively. At the last follow-up, neurological function improved from grade C to grade E in 1 patient and from grade D to grade E in 5 patients ( P<0.05). The lower limb radiation pain or numbness in 3 patients with type IV and 22 patients with type III preoperatively were fully recovered after surgical treatment at the last follow-up except for three patients. Conclusions:The ASOTLF classification is established and has high consistency and reliability. The classification-oriented treatment strategy has achieved a relatively satisfactory effect, indicating that the classification has a certain guiding significance for treatment of OTLF.

Objective To compare the difference and correlation between dietary salt intakes assessed by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method.Methods All 2 184 subjects aged 18 to 69 were selected by multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method in Shandong province in June to September, 2011.Dietary salt intakes were measured by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method.The information on gender, age, dining locations and labour intensity of members dining at home for 3 days were recorded.And the dietary habits were surveyed by questionnaire.Results Salt intakes were 14.0, 12.0 and 10.5 g/d assessed by 24 hours urinary Na method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire, respectively.Comparing with 24 hours urinary Na method, salt intakes assessed by food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method were 2.0 g (14.3%undervalued) and 3.4 g (24.3%undervalued) less, respectively.Comparing with 24 hours urinary Na method, the proportion of individuals with salt intake over-reported and under-reported were 42.4%(856/2 020) and 55.3%(1 117/2 020) by food weighted record method, and were 20.7%(418/2 020) and 16.3%(329/2 020) by food frequency questionnaire method, respectively;the proportion of individuals with salt intakes within ±25%of 24 hours urinary Na method were 36.9% ( 745/2 020 ) and 28.4% ( 574/2 020 ) , respectively.Salt intakes assessed by 24 hours urinary method correlated significantly with both salt intakes assessed by food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method;the correlation coefficients were 0.13 and 0.07, respectively.With the increasing of salt intakes by subjects′self-judgment, salt intakes were all rising significantly using three survey methods.Salt intakes of three group population of light, moderate and partial taste salty were 13.6,13.6 and 14.7 g/d by 24 hours urinary Na method (F=0.47,P<0.05);11.0,12.0 and 12.7 g/d by food weighted record method (F=5.83,P<0.05), and 9.3,10.2 and 11.9 g/d by food frequency questionnaire method (F=5.83,P<0.05), respectively.Conclusion Comparing with 24 hours urinary method, food weighted record method and food frequency questionnaire method would undervalue dietary salt intake.Salt intake status can be more accurately assessed by adjusting the underestimation rate.