Objective To study the genetic relationship of the Y chromosomal short tandem repeat gene loci in Lanzhou Han population and other 25 populations .Methods The frequency of alleles of Y-STRloci was obtained from a sample of 500 unrelated individuals living in Lanzhou City , and other 25 populations in different areas collected from the published data were used to calculate the genetic similarity coefficient and genetic distance .Phylogenetic trees based on the genetic distance were established .Results Populations of Lanzhou , Beijing, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia were in an identical cluster .Compared with minorities , the genetic distance between Lanzhou Han population and Inner Mongolia Mongolian population was dramatically smaller from other subpopulations .The populations in Malays and Indians were far from the other groups .Conclusion The Y-STR gene frequency distribution in 26 populations has identified differentiation in race, clime and evolution, and it is basically identical with the classification of human races which is similar to or according with other molecular anthropology research conclusions .

Objective To com pare the concentration of teeth DNA extracted by three different pretreatm ent m ethods and to explore a sim ple, econom ical and practical pretreatm ent m ethod w ith high concentration of extracted DNA from teeth. Methods A total num ber of 21 m olars w ere collected from 7 corpses. The pretreatm ent of 3 m olars from each individual w as random ly perform ed by tooth crum b m ethod, ball-m illing m ethod and liquid nitrogen m illing m ethod and 50 m g tooth crum b w as w eight and DNA w as extracted by A utoM ate ExpressTM forensic DNA extraction system . Subsequently, the concentration of DNA and corresponding STR genotyping of three m ethods w ere com pared. Results The DNA concentration extracted by tooth crum b m ethod, ball-m illing m ethod and liquid nitrogen m illing m ethod w as 0.055 6-1.989 1 ng/μL , 0.036 6-1.175 6 ng/μL and 0.037 8-1.249 0 ng/μL , respectively. The DNA concentration ob-tained by tooth crum b m ethod w as higher (P<0.05) and the success rate of STR genotyping w as high. Conclusion C om bined w ith A utoM ate ExpressTM forensic DNA extraction system , tooth crum b m ethod is an efficient and feasible m ethod to extract DNA from teeth, w hich can be applied in forensic practice.

Objective To determine the genetic polymorphism of 24 Y-STR loci haplotype and investigate its application value in legal physical evidence.Methods AGCU Y24 kit and 3130xl Genetic Analyzer were used to detect the distribution of 24 Y-STR loci including DYS391,DYS389Ⅰ,DYS439,DYS389Ⅱ, DYS438, DYS643, DYS456, DYS458, DYS437, DYS635, DYS448, DYS527a/b, Y-GATA-H4, DYS447, DYS19,DYS392,DYS522,DYS393,DYS388,DYS390,DYS385a/b and DYS444in 154 unrelated individuals of Dongxiang ethnic minority males in Gansu province of China.Results A total number of 153 haplo-types were detected in 154 samples, the haplotype diversity was 0.9915 and the discrimination power was 0.9940.Conclusion The 24 Y-STR loci system has high haplotype diversity and discrimination power.

Objective To investigate the progression of breast cancer in mice induced by chronic binding stress and the regulatory mechanism of Xiaoyao SAN based on TGF-β1/CD147 signal pathway.Methods 40 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into tumor group,model group,Xiaoyaosan group and Mifepristone group,and then 4T1 cell line was inoculated into the armpits of each group of mice.After Tumor formation,mice in all groups except tumor group were subjected to chronic restraint stress for 21 days.Meanwhile,mice in Xiaoyaosan and Mifepristone groups were gavaged with the corresponding drugs,and mice in the other two groups were gavaged with normal saline.After the modeling,the mice were sacrificed after anaesthesia.The weight and volume of the tumors and visceral index of the mice were measured.The contents of serum tumor markers(CA199,CEA,VEGF),serum neurotransmitters(DA and CORT),and inflammatory mediators(TGF-β1 and IL-10)in tumor tissues were detected by Elisa.The expressions of iNOS and Arg-1,the polarization markers of macrophages,and the expressions of CD147 and its downstream signaling molecules MMP2,MMP9 and VEGF in tumor tissues were all detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with tumor group,in model group,tumor weight and volume,serum CA199,CEA,VEGF,CORT content,tumor TGF-β1 and IL-10 content were significantly increased;visceral index and serum DA content were significantly reduced;the expression of M2-type polarization marker Arg-1 in tumor macrophages was significantly increased,while the expression of M1-type polarization marker iNOS was significantly decreased;the expressions of CD147 and its downstream signaling molecules MMP2,MMP9 and VEGF were significantly increased.Both Xiaoyaosan and mifepristone could effectively reverse the above changes.Conclusion The mechanism of chronic restraint stress promoting breast cancer progression in mice is related to the increased release of TGF-β1 from M2-type polarization of tumor-associated macrophages,which activates CD147 and its downstream related signals.Xiaoyaosan could relieve the M2-type polarization of macrophages caused by increased corticosterone under stress conditions,reduce the production of TGF-β1,inhibit CD147 and its downstream signal,and thus inhibit the progression of breast cancer caused by chronic restraint stress in mice.

Pathological mood changes,mainly depression,occurring during the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are referred to as breast cancer-related depression(BCRD).Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies have confirmed that BCRD is a complex condition that is difficult to treat and has a poor prognosis.Most existing clinical treatments involve the use of postoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer,and antidepressant drugs,which treat breast cancer and depression as two independent diseases and have various disadvantages such as low efficiency and strong adverse reactions.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has a unique value in the prevention and treatment of BCRD via its ability to regulate multiple pathways and targets using multiple components at the same time.In this paper,we review the mechanism of BRCD and the therapeutic mechanisms of TCM from the aspects of neurological disorders,inflammatory immune response,and intestinal flora disorders,with a view to providing references for the clinical application and research of TCM in the treatment of BCRD.