OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of the treatment of otosclerosis using laser stapedotomy with mini incision in the external auditory meatus. METHOD: Thirteen patients(15 ears) with otosclerosis evidence on clinic history. They were all operated using the laser assisted stapedotomy by mini incision in external auditory meatus because of the wide straight canal. Laser resection the tendo musculistapedius and anterior and postrior arch, breaking the articulatioincudostapedia, removing the stapes superstructure, making a hole of 6mm diameter in the rear of stapes footplate by laser drilling, implanting the corresponding length Piston artificial ossicle. RESULT: All the surgeries were successful and the operation time was about one hour. There was only one patient manifested vertigo and nausea after the operation. But the symptoms improved three days later after the expectant treatment. All the incisions were healed in the externals. There was significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative PTA. The air conduct improved in every frequent and the bone conduct improved in 1 kHz, 2 kHz and 4 kHz. CONCLUSION Laser assisted stapedotomy by mini incision in the external auditory meatus in patients having wide straight canal with otosclerosis can shorten the operation time, minimize the tissue damage, fasten the healing of the incision and reduce the complications postoperatively. In addition, the mini incision is beauty and easy to nurse.
Ear Canal ; surgery ; Humans ; Lasers ; Otosclerosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Stapes ; Stapes Surgery ; Treatment Outcome

This study explored the possibility of using event-related potentials (ERP) for the measurement of picture-recognition memory and examined its correlation with the Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-revised (WMS-RC) in patients with memory disorder caused by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The subjects included 20 sTBI patients with memory disorder and 22 healthy individuals. Memory function was measured by using WMS-RC. Behavioral and ERP responses were recorded on-line during performance on a battery of picture recognition and the responses were analyzed off-line for recognition memory effects. Mean memory quotient (MQ) of patients with sTBI was significantly lower than that of the control group. Mean reaction time (RT) was significantly longer and the mean correctness rate (CR) of picture recognition was significantly lower in sTBI group than that of the controls. In controls, the main components of average ERP of picture recognition includes two positive-going waves, designated as P(170) and P(500), that appear 170 ms and 500 ms after stimulation when the subject could later successfully recall and recognize the pictures. P(500) amplitude of target stimulus was significantly higher than that of non-target stimulus. Compared to controls, P(500) responses of sTBI group were significantly delayed in latency (P<0.001) and lower in amplitude (P<0.001). P(500) latency showed significant negative correlation with MQ and the scores of "addition", "visual recognition", "picture recall", "visual reproduction" and "tactile memory" in WMS-RC. ERP of picture recognition provides a neurophysiological approach to directly assess memory impairment, and P(500) may serve as a helpful index for memory disorder caused by sTBI in forensic practice.
Brain Injuries/*complications ; Case-Control Studies ; Evoked Potentials/*physiology ; Memory Disorders/*etiology ; Memory Disorders/*physiopathology ; Pattern Recognition, Physiological/*physiology ; Wechsler Scales ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the protective effect of mild hypothermia on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of inhibitor of differentiation 2 (Id2) protein.Methods A total of 72 adult male rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,a normothermia group,and a mild hypothermia group.A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced by a suture method.The mild hypothermia group was treated with low temperature (anal temperature 33±1 ℃,tympanic membrane temperature 31±1 ℃).Modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) was used to evaluate neurological deficits,triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect infarct volume,and Western blot was used to detect the Id2 expression in the ischemic cortex at ischemia-reperfusion 6,12,24,and 72 h,respectively.ResultsThe mNSS scores in the mild hypothermia group were significantly lower than those in the normothermia group,the infarct volumes were significantly smaller than those in the normothermia group at ischemia-reperfusion 6,12,24,and 72 h (all P<0.001).Western blot analysis showed that the Id2 expressions in the ischemic cortex in the mild hypothermia group were significantly lower than those in the normothermia group at ischemia-reperfusion 6,12,24,and 72 h (all P<0.05).Conclusion s Mild hypothermia can decrease neurological deficits and reduce infarct volume after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,its mechanism may be associated with the down-regulation of the Id2 expression.

Objective:To establish a quality evaluation method for the simultaneous determination of Calycosin-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside and Lobetyolin in Danqi Xinmaikang boiled powders and pieces.Methods:Quantitative analysis of multi-components was performed to determine contents of Calycosin-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside and Lobetyolin with Calycosin-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside as the reference substance by single-maker (QAMS). The chromatogram conditions were established, with C18 column as solid phase, acetonitrile-water as flowing phase, 268 nm as detecting wavelength, 1.0 ml/min as flowing rate, 30 ℃ as column temperature, and 10 μl as injection volume.Results:The relative correction factor between Calycosin-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside and Lobetyolin was 1.14. There was no significant difference of measured values between the external standard method and QAMS ( P>0.05). With Calycosin-7-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside retention time of 1.00, the relative retention time of Lobetyolin was 1.51 and RSD was less than 5%. Conclusion:It is feasible and accurate to evaluate the quality of Danqi Xinmaikang boiled powders and pieces by QAMS.

Objective To explore the significance of expressions of glutamate transporters and γ-aminobutyric acid transporters in the rat model with cerebral ischemia.Methods The detections of the expressions of glutamate transporter-1 (EAAC-1) and γ-aminobutyric acid transporter-1 (GAT-1) in models with ischemia in vivo and hypoxia in vitro were performed by immunofluorescence,Westen-blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods.Results The expression of EAAC1 was reduced in the cerebrum of focal cerebral ischemic MACO rat model as well as in primary neurons cultured under hypoxia.The expression of GAT1 was elevated.Conclusion EAAC1 expression decreases while GAT1 expression increases under condition of cerebral ischemia and anoxia.

Objective To explore the significance of expressions of glutamate transporters and γ-aminobutyric acid transporters in the rat model with cerebral ischemia.Methods The detections of the expressions of glutamate transporter-1 (EAAC-1) and γ-aminobutyric acid transporter-1 (GAT-1) in models with ischemia in vivo and hypoxia in vitro were performed by immunofluorescence,Westen-blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods.Results The expression of EAAC1 was reduced in the cerebrum of focal cerebral ischemic MACO rat model as well as in primary neurons cultured under hypoxia.The expression of GAT1 was elevated.Conclusion EAAC1 expression decreases while GAT1 expression increases under condition of cerebral ischemia and anoxia.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the therapeutic effect of endoscopic ablation combined with metal stent implantationon biliary obstruction caused by unrespectable cholangiocarcinoma. Methods Fourty-seven patients with unrespectable cholangiocarcinoma were enrolled in this study ,who were treated in our department from June 2013 to June 2016. Patients in the experimental group(n = 24)underwent ERCP combined with metal stent implantation for biliary tract ablation. Patients inthe control group(n=23)underwent ERCP with simple metal stent implantation. Liver function indicators,complications,patency rate and survival rate were analyzed between the two groups. Results A total of 51 patients were satisfactorily performed the operation of metal stent implantation. One week after operation,the levels of total bilirubin(TBIL),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),gamma-glu-tamyltransferase(GGT)and alanine aminotransferase(AST)in the experimental group were much lower than those in the control group(P<0.05,respectively). After 3-month follow-up,the patency rate in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05). The patency and survival time of patients in the experimental group were significantly higher than thosein the control group ,with 8.56 ± 1.12 vs 5.73 ± 0.81 months and 13.88±1.45 vs 9.48±1.38 months,respectively(P<0.05). No postoperative bleeding,perforation and other se-rious complications were found in all cases,8 patients with postoperative biliary tract infection and the increased blood amylase received anti-infective treatments,such as inhibition of symptomatic improvement after treatment. Conclusion The results of endoscopic radiofrequency ablation combined with metal stent implantation for the treatment of unrespectable cholangiocarcinoma were significantly better than those of simple metal stent implantation.

This study explored the possibility of using event-related potentials (ERP) for the measurement of picture-recognition memory and examined its correlation with the Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-revised (WMS-RC) in patients with memory disorder caused by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The subjects included 20 sTBI patients with memory disorder and 22 healthy individuals. Memory function was measured by using WMS-RC. Behavioral and ERP responses were recorded on-line during performance on a battery of picture recognition and the responses were analyzed off-line for recognition memory effects. Mean memory quotient (MQ) of patients with sTBI was significantly lower than that of the control group. Mean reaction time (RT) was significantly longer and the mean correctness rate (CR) of picture recognition was significantly lower in sTBI group than that of the controls. In controls, the main components of average ERP of picture recognition includes two positive-going waves, designated as P170 and P500, that appear 170 ms and 500 ms after stimulation when the subject could later successfully recall and recognize the pictures. P500 amplitude of target stimulus was significantly higher than that of non-target stimulus. Compared to controls, P500 responses of sTBI group were significantly delayed in latency (P<0.001) and lower in amplitude (P<0.001). P500 latency showed significant negative correlation with MQ and the scores of "addition", "visual recognition", "picture recall", "visual reproduction" and "tactile memory" in WMS-RC. ERP of picture recognition provides a neurophysiological approach to directly assess memory impairment, and P500 may serve as a helpful index for memory disorder caused by sTBI in forensic practice.

Objective:To establish HPLC fingerprint and content determination methods of Zilian oil, which will provide the scientific basis for the quality control and evaluation of Zilian oil. Methods:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Arnebiae radix, Coptidis rhizoma and Borneolum syntheticum in oil. HPLC was adopted for to determine the fingerprints of different batches, and the content determination of β,β'-Dimethylacrylalkannin of Zilian oil was determined. Results:TLC showed that Arnebiae radix, Coptidis rhizoma and Borneolum syntheticum had clear spots and good specificity. A total of 13 common peaks of Zilian oil were identified by HPLC fingerprint analysis, and 2 characteristic peaks (Berberine hydrochloride and β,β'-Dimethylacrylalkannin) were identified, and the similarity of fingerprints between batches was ≥ 0.981. The linear range of β,β'-Dimethylacrylalkannin was 40.48-202.40 μg. Conclusions:The methods of TLC identification, fingerprint and content determination are simple, reliable and stable, which can be used for the quality control of Zilian oil.

In recent years,with in-depth study of bladder sensation related mechanisms,numerous ion channels,neurotransmitters and nerve receptors have been found to participate in the regulation of bladder sensation,including TRPV,P2X and Piezo,as well as CBR and HCN.Thanks to the relevant research on the neural signal pathway from the cerebral cortex to the bladder wall and the maturity of clinical measurement methods for bladder sensation,we can further study the abnormal bladder sensation in patients with overactive bladder(OAB),so as to explore its mechanism.Bladder hypersensitivity,as one of the current research hotspots,is receiving increasing attention from researchers.This article reviews the mechanism of bladder hypersensitivity from the aspects of clinical measurement methods of bladder sensation,ion channel,neurotransmitters and nerve receptors related to bladder sensation,in order to explore its significance in the pathogenesis of OAB.