Neural prosthesis control system is based on brain-computer interface and functional electrical stimulation technology, by an-alyzing the electroencephalograph control commands directly into the muscle system or an external device, which compensated efferent pathway from the brain-spinal cord, and recovered motor function of patients with cervical spinal cord injury. This paper described the basic structure, working principle and key technology of neural prosthetic system, summarized the application, problems and prospects of neural prosthetic technology in the rehabilitation of cervical spinal cord injury.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of smart stethoscope on the monitoring childhood asthma exacerbation, so as to assist family management in childhood asthma.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled study was carried out.A total of 80 children with asthma who were treated at Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Tonxin Pediatric Clinic from November 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into a test group of 40 cases (used the smart stethoscope) and a control group of 40 cases(not used the smart stethoscope). Medical history data were collected.The control group received monthly routine follow-up, while the test group was followed up both routinely and by smart stethoscope.In the test group, hearing wheezing sound was regarded as asthma exacerbation, and in the control group, the asthma exacerbation was reported by the parents themselves.The frequency of asthma exacerbation, asthma control level and quality of life were compared between the two groups.The recognition, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of acute asthma exacerbation in two groups of children were described and analyzed.Measurement data were analyzed by t test or Mann- Whitney U test.Numeration data were analyzed by χ2 test. Results:Respiratory sounds collected by smart stethoscope in the test group were assessed by 3 specialist physicians.There were 12 wheezing rales (42.86%), 1 moist rale (3.57%) and 1 rhonchi rale (3.57%). Besides, 12 files (42.86%) were difficult to distinguish, and 2 files (7.14%) induced inconsistent identification.The number of asthma exacerbation was 12 in the test group and 5 in the control group.In the test group, 12 were recognized by the smart stethoscope, and only 6 were recognized by the parents.Comparing the diagnosis and treatment measures between two groups, it was found that there were more children in the test group (38.1%) receiving home treatment through telemedicine than those in the control group (20.0%). Besides, there were less children (61.9%) in the test group receiving unplanned hospital treatment (including unplanned outpatient, emergency and hospitalization) than those in the control group (80.0%). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of children during acute asthma exacerbation ( χ2=4.67, P=0.097). Parents were satisfied with the common functions, convenience and stability of smart stethoscope. Conclusions:Smart stethoscope can acquire the respiratory sounds of children with asthma in real time, achieving timely detection, diagnosis and treatment of asthma exacerbation in children.What′s more, smart stethoscope reduces the incidence of unplanned hospital diagnosis and treatment, and assists parents with better family management of children asthma.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the HRCT appearances of congenital inner ear malformations with cerebrospinal fluid leakage. METHOD: Conducted a retrospective case review. The subjects comprised 11 patients who were decisively confirmed by HRCT and exploratory tympanotomy. The result of temporal bone computed tomography scans (HRCT) were analyzed. RESULT: Inner ear malformations were classified into 4 types according to HRCT findings. There were 4 patients with cochlear aplasia, 2 patients with common cavity anomaly, 2 patients with IP-I anomaly, and 3 patients with IP- II anomaly. Eight patients had defects in the lamina cribrosa of the internal auditory canal. The development and aeration in the mastoid of involved ears was normal. Soft tissues were seen near the oval window in all involved ears. CONCLUSION HRCT image has an important value in the diagnosis and treatment of inner ear malformations with cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea ; diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, Inner ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective:To analyze the clinical features, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of complex lymphatic malformations.Methods:The clinical data of patients with complex lymphatic malformation were retrospectively analyzed from April 2010 to April 2022 in the Multidisciplinary Outpatient Department of the Vascular Disease Team of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. All patients were diagnosed with complex lymphatic malformation after consultation with multidisciplinary experts in pediatric surgery, radiology, plastic surgery, pathology, rehabilitation and other departments. The clinical manifestations, blood routine, coagulation function, magnetic resonance imaging and treatment methods of the patients were analyzed. According to the follow-up and disease results, the patients were divided into improvement, stability, progress and death.Results:A total of 18 patients with complex lymphatic malformations were included in the study, including 6 males and 12 females. The age of first diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 29 years old, and the median age was 2.5 years old. Patients were followed up and treated for 0.4 to 12.0 years, with an average follow-up of 3.5 years. Ten patients had pleural and pericardial effusion; 15 patients had visceral involvement which showed multifocal changes in imaging examinations; 9 cases were accompanied by bone destruction, which in Gorham-Stout disease patients broke through the cortex while in generalized lymphatic anomalies it did not; 14 patients had various degrees of coagulation abnormalities, of which 8 patients with severe coagulation dysfunction were all diagnosed as kaposiform lymphangiomatosis. Of the 18 patients, one kaposiform lymphangiomatosis patient died; six patients progressed; eight patients were stable; and three patients improved.Conclusion:The clinical characteristics of patients with complex lymphatic malformations are systemic, diverse and complex. The clinical symptoms of patients with diffuse lymphatic malformation accompanied by involvement of bone and multiple internal organs, chest and abdominal effusion, and coagulation dysfunction should be considered as complex lymphatic malformation. However, due to overlapping clinical characteristics of each subtypes, it is difficult to distinguish patients with complex lymphatic malformation, and the curative effect and prognosis are poor. Precision targeted drugs are the future research direction for the treatment of such diseases.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of complex lymphatic malformations.Methods:The clinical data of patients with complex lymphatic malformation were retrospectively analyzed from April 2010 to April 2022 in the Multidisciplinary Outpatient Department of the Vascular Disease Team of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. All patients were diagnosed with complex lymphatic malformation after consultation with multidisciplinary experts in pediatric surgery, radiology, plastic surgery, pathology, rehabilitation and other departments. The clinical manifestations, blood routine, coagulation function, magnetic resonance imaging and treatment methods of the patients were analyzed. According to the follow-up and disease results, the patients were divided into improvement, stability, progress and death.Results:A total of 18 patients with complex lymphatic malformations were included in the study, including 6 males and 12 females. The age of first diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 29 years old, and the median age was 2.5 years old. Patients were followed up and treated for 0.4 to 12.0 years, with an average follow-up of 3.5 years. Ten patients had pleural and pericardial effusion; 15 patients had visceral involvement which showed multifocal changes in imaging examinations; 9 cases were accompanied by bone destruction, which in Gorham-Stout disease patients broke through the cortex while in generalized lymphatic anomalies it did not; 14 patients had various degrees of coagulation abnormalities, of which 8 patients with severe coagulation dysfunction were all diagnosed as kaposiform lymphangiomatosis. Of the 18 patients, one kaposiform lymphangiomatosis patient died; six patients progressed; eight patients were stable; and three patients improved.Conclusion:The clinical characteristics of patients with complex lymphatic malformations are systemic, diverse and complex. The clinical symptoms of patients with diffuse lymphatic malformation accompanied by involvement of bone and multiple internal organs, chest and abdominal effusion, and coagulation dysfunction should be considered as complex lymphatic malformation. However, due to overlapping clinical characteristics of each subtypes, it is difficult to distinguish patients with complex lymphatic malformation, and the curative effect and prognosis are poor. Precision targeted drugs are the future research direction for the treatment of such diseases.