1.Zika virus and its potential re-emergence in Malaysia
Jamal I-Ching Sam ; Yoke Fun Chan ; Indra Vythilingam ; Wan Yusoff Wan Sulaiman
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(2):66-68
Zika virus (ZIKV) has re-emerged to cause explosive
epidemics in the Pacific and Latin America, and appears to
be associated with severe neurological complications
including microcephaly in babies. ZIKV is transmitted to
humans by Aedes mosquitoes, principally Ae. aegypti, and
there is historical evidence of ZIKV circulation in Southeast
Asia. It is therefore clear that Malaysia is at risk of similar
outbreaks. Local and international guidelines are available
for surveillance, diagnostics, and management of exposed
and infected individuals. ZIKV is the latest arbovirus to have
spread globally beyond its initial restricted niche, and is
unlikely to be the last. Innovative new methods for
surveillance and control of vectors are needed to target
mosquito-borne diseases as a whole.
Zika Virus
2.Zika virus Infection: New Threat in Global Health.
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2016;31(3):331-332
No abstract available.
Aedes/virology
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Animals
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Global Health
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Humans
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Travel
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Zika Virus/isolation & purification
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Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology/*pathology
4.Available Evidence of Association between Zika Virus and Microcephaly.
Jing WU ; Da-Yong HUANG ; Jun-Tao MA ; Ying-Hua MA ; Yi-Fei HU
Chinese Medical Journal 2016;129(19):2347-2356
OBJECTIVETo clarify the possible association between the Zika virus (ZIKV) and microcephaly and understand where we are in terms of research and the debate on the causation between mild maternal clinical features and severe fetal microcephaly.
DATA SOURCESWe did a comprehensive literature review with the keywords "zika" and/or "microcephaly" from inception to May 27, 2016, with PubMed.
STUDY SELECTIONStudies were included and analyzed if they met all of the following criteria: "probable or confirmed infant microcephaly" and "probable or confirmed ZIKV infection among mothers or infants".
RESULTSWe emphasize the diagnosis of ZIKV infection, including maternal clinical manifestations, maternal and fetal laboratory confirmation, and possible autopsy if need. Other confounders that may lead to microcephaly should be excluded from the study. We presented the results from clinical manifestations of ZIKV infection, testing methods evolving but the mechanism of microcephaly uncertain, flexible definition challenging the diagnosis of microcephaly, and limited causal reference on pregnant women. We made analog comparison of severe acute respiratory syndrome and chikungunya virus in terms of DNA mutation and global movement to provide further research recommendation. The chance of catch-up growth may decrease the number of pervious "diagnosed" microcephaly.
CONCLUSIONSThere are some evidence available through mice models and direct isolation of ZIKV in affected pregnancies on kindly causal relationship but not convincible enough. We analyzed and presented the weakness or limitation of published reports with the desire to shed light to further study directions.
Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Microcephaly ; diagnosis ; etiology ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pregnancy ; Zika Virus ; pathogenicity ; Zika Virus Infection ; complications
7.Zika Virus Infection.
Korean Journal of Medicine 2016;91(1):5-11
Zika virus was first isolated in from nonhuman primate in 1947. It is in the genus Flavivirus, closely related to other flavivirus like Dengue, West Nile, Yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis virus. Since 2007 epidemic in Yap island, zika virus infections had spread to the countries in Micronesia and South Pacific. In 2015, Zika virus outbreak occurred in Brazil and now more than 40 countries in American continents reported autochthonous infection. The virus is transmitted mainly by Ae. aegypti mosquito with many other Aedes mosquito species known as vector. Recently, Zika virus infection is known to cause severe neurological complications and congenital malformation. In this paper, we will review current knowledge on Zika virus history, biology, clinical characteristics and preventive method.
Aedes
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Biology
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Brazil
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Culicidae
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Dengue
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Encephalitis Virus, Japanese
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Flavivirus
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Methods
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Microcephaly
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Micronesia
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Primates
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Yellow Fever
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Zika Virus Infection*
;
Zika Virus*
8.Current status and outlook of mosquito-borne diseases in Korea.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2017;60(6):468-474
The recent epidemic of Zika virus in South America caused people around the world to exhibit an increased interest in the impact of arboviral illnesses. In Korea, malaria and Japanese encephalitis are the most important mosquito-borne diseases that occur indigenously. However, with the continuously increasing number of international travelers, the incidence of imported arboviral illnesses is also increasing. Currently, dengue fever is the most common mosquito-borne disease among Korean international travelers. The number of patients with Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya fever, and Zika virus infection is also on the rise. Many countries that have disease-transmitting mosquitoes have already experienced autochthonous arboviral infections due to the introduction of viruses by travelers. Moreover, with global warming and urbanization of the areas in which mosquito-borne diseases occur, the environment is becoming more favorable for mosquito-borne diseases. This concise review describes the current status and outlook of mosquito-borne diseases in Korea.
Chikungunya Fever
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Culicidae
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Dengue
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Encephalitis, Japanese
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Global Warming
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Humans
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Incidence
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Korea*
;
Malaria
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South America
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Urbanization
;
Zika Virus
;
Zika Virus Infection
9.Zika Virus and Zika Viral Disease.
Chinese Journal of Virology 2016;32(1):121-127
Since Zika virus (ZIKV) has firstly been isolated in 1947, Uganda, outbreaks of Zika fever have been reported in many areas such as in Africa, Southeast Asia and America. Imported cases in China also have been reported. Zika virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, and include Africa subtype and Asia subtype. It is a mosquito-borne virus primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Sexual transmission, Blood transmission and mother-to-fetus transmission were also reported. Zika virus can go though blood-brain barrier and infect central nervous system. Symptoms are generally mild and self-limited, but recent evidence suggests a possible association between maternal Zika virus infection and adverse fetal outcomes, such as congenital microcephaly, as well as a possible association with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Laboratorial Diagnosis includes nucleic acid detection, Serological test, and isolation of virus. Currently, no vaccine or medication exists to prevent or treat Zika virus infection. Preventive measures against Zika virus infection should be taken through prevention of mosquito bites and surveillance in epidemic area.
Aedes
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physiology
;
virology
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Animals
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Humans
;
Insect Vectors
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physiology
;
virology
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Zika Virus
;
genetics
;
physiology
;
Zika Virus Infection
;
transmission
;
virology
10.A non-coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening zika virus envelope protein.
Hongmiao LIU ; Weifeng ZHOU ; Hui LIAO ; Zhengyang HU ; Min ZOU ; Shuwen LIU
Journal of Southern Medical University 2019;39(6):699-704
OBJECTIVE:
To establish a non-coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on zika virus envelope (E) protein for detecting the expression of E protein in infected cells.
METHODS:
Adherent Vero-143 cells infected with zika virus in a 96-well plate were fixed, and the antibodies against zika virus E protein were added at an optimized concentration to establish the non-coated ELISA method for E protein. The antiviral activities of lignans compound C1 was evaluated using this method. The accuracy of this non-coated ELISA was verified by RT-PCR, and the cross reaction with dengue virus was assessed.
RESULTS:
After optimization, the background absorbance at 450 nm of uninfected cells was reduced to about 0.20. The antiviral activities of lignans compound C1 detected by this method were basically consistent with the results of RT-PCR. No cross reaction with dengue virus was found in this assay.
CONCLUSIONS
A non- coated ELISA method based on zika virus E protein was established, which can be used for screening antiviral agents against zika virus.
Antibodies, Viral
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Humans
;
Immunoglobulin G
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Immunoglobulin M
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Viral Envelope Proteins
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Zika Virus
;
Zika Virus Infection