As a management tool, diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) have been a hot spot for hospital administrators in recent years. This article summarizes the content of DRGs and the current status of their application in the allocation of nursing human resources, in order to provide a reference for nursing managers in China to consider the influencing factors of workload and allocate human resources.

Radiomics is a non-invasive method to extract valuable features from computed tomography(CT)images to characterize the correlation between tumor phenotype and clinical treatment outcomes,which is of great significance in the evaluation of the efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).This paper reviews the research methods of CT Radiomics in the evaluation of curative effect of NSCLC.Firstly,the research content of CT radiomics in NSCLC is summarized.Then,from the perspective of different treatment methods,such as namely radiotherapy and chemotherapy,targeted therapy and immunotherapy,the research methods of CT radiomics in the evaluation of NSCLC efficacy were summarized,and the CT radiomics was compared with other commonly used efficacy evaluation systems.Finally,the development trend and improvement of the application of CT radiomics in the evaluation of NSCLC curative effect were summarized and prospected.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of curcumin (CU) on type II alveolar epithelial cells (A549 cells) during paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative damage and its underlying mechanism.

METHODSRoutinely cultured A549 cells were divided into blank control group, CU control group, PQ group, and PQ+Cu group to receive respective treatments for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The NFE2L2 expression in A549 cells was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. The activities of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) in cells and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in supernatant, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After siRNA depletion of Nrf2, the protective effect of CU on A549 cells during PQ-induced oxidative damage was evaluated.

RESULTSPQ, even at a dose of 0.1 mmol/L, could significantly suppress the viability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. CU showed no significant inhibitory effect on the viability of A549 cells when given at a dose below 160 ümol/L. Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly decreased SOD activity and significantly increased CAT activity and MDA content after 24-h exposure to 800 ümol/L PQ (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Thanks to pretreatment with 80 ümol/L CU, the PQ+CU group had significantly increased SOD and CAT activities and significantly decreased MDA content compared with the PQ group (P < 0.01). Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly increased expression of NFE2L2 and its downstream factors HO-1 and NQO-1 (P < 0.01), while the PQ+CU group had significantly higher expression of NFE2L2, HO-1,and NQO-1 than the PQ group (P < 0.01).Compared with the PQ+CU group, the CU+PQ+NFE2L2siRNA group had significantly decreased SOD and CAT activities and significantly increased MDA content (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLow-dose CU significantly reduces the PQ-induced oxidative damage in A549 cells in vitro by activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway.

Cell Line ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism