BACKGROUND:Resin infiltration is a novel approach in treating non-cavitated caries lesions on smooth surfaces, and the effectiveness comparison between resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy is required.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy on inhibition of non-cavitated lesions in vitro.
METHODS:Three subsurface lesions were created on 35 bovine labial specimens. One of the lesions was permeated with Icon? infiltrant, one was applied by 0.1%NaF solution daily for 7 consecutive days, whereas one lesion remained as the untreated control. Subsequently, half of each specimen was covered with nail varnish
(baseline) and the other half was re-exposed to a demineralizing solution for 5 days (experimental). The specimens were cut perpendicularly to the surface, stained with Rhodamine B and observed with fluorescence microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For lesions permeated with Icon? infiltrant and applied by 0.1%NaF solution, the progression of lesion depth was significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared with the untreated control. Lesions permeated with Icon? infiltrant got more significantly reduced lesion progression (P<0.05) compared with the ones applied by 0.1%NaF solution. It can be concluded that both resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy have active effects on inhibition of non-cavitated lesions, and fil ing the pores with Icon? infiltrant can inhibit further demineralization even better.

Objective To investigate the remineralization effects of the Aominqing dental desensitizer and the fluoride dentifrice on the demineralized enamels. Methods Sixty-three teeth were randomly divided into three groups after demineralization , then was remineralized for eight days by using Aominqing dental desensitizer, fluoride dentifrice (1.1 g/L), and deionized water, respectively. The thin sections of teeth were analyzed under the con-focal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The morphology of the surface of teeth was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Under CLSM, the evaluation parameter area of the fluorescent lesion (A,μm2) processed by Aominqing and by fluoride was (3.19 ± 0.19) × 104, (3.61 ± 0.26) × 104 μm2, respectively. The total fluorescence (TF) was (0.61 ± 0.09) × 106, (0.89 ± 0.15) × 106, average fluorescent of the lesion(AF) was (18.98 ± 1.56), (24.65 ± 2.39), and the above parameters were all less than those in the blank control group [A=(4.89 ± 0.24) × 104 μm2,TF=(1.78 ± 0.21) × 106, AF = 36.29 ± 2.57] (P < 0.01). The evaluation parameters in the Aominqing group were less than those in the fluoride dentifrice group(P < 0.05). Under SEM, the surface of the group processed by Aominqing was the smoothest, compared to the fluoride dentifrice group and the blank control group. Conclusions Both Aominqing dental desensitizer and fluoride dentifrice (1.1 g/L) have the remineralization effects on the demineralized enamels, and the former has a stronger effect.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of Minqing Ao dental desensitizer in the treatment of early childhood caries (ECC).Methods:41 0 teeth with ECC in 1 1 0 cases were divided into 3 groups.Minqing Ao dental desensitizer,fluoride toothpaste and ordinary toothpaste without fluoride were respectively used in group A,B and C.The laser fluorescence value(LFV)was meas-ured and compared before treatment,2,4,6 weeks and 6 months after treatment.Results:2 weeks after treatment,the LFV was not significantly changed in the 3 groups.4 weeks after treatment LFV in group A was decreased(P<0.01 ),the LFV in group A was lower than that in group B(P<0.05)and in group C(P<0.01 ).While there was no significant difference between group B and C(P>0.05).6 weeks after treatment LFV in group A and B was decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05),there was significant difference be-tween each 2 groups(P<0.05).6 weeks and 6 months after treatment LFV in group A was lower than that in group B(P<0.01 ),and in group B was lower than that in group C(P<0.01 ).Conclusion:Minqing Ao is effective for treatment of early childhood caries.

Microcapsule technology is a high and new technology under the focused research and development in 21st century, which has been used in many research fields. However, its researches on preparation field should be paid more attention to, especially the research direction of TCM drug delivery system, which is of great value for development and application. This article reviewed the application progress of microcapsule technology in pharmaceutic preparation field, and discussed the strategic significance of the researches on TCM microcapsule preparation, with a purpose to provide research ideas and paths for the researches on the new formulations of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To evaluate the curative effects of sitagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods 200 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with NAFLD were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,100 cases in each group.The observation group received sitagliptin treatment,while the control group was treated with metformin.Before and 3,6 months after treatment,the body weight,body mass index(BMI),liver function(AST,ALT,GGT),OGCT synchronous exsanguinate assay(fasting and 2 h after breakfast glucose,insulin),blood lipid(TC,TG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),and other biochemical indicators were monitored and compared,as well as 1HMRS scan images. Results In the two groups after treatment,ALT,GGT,AST,FPG and 2h PG all improved significantly(t≥2.35,P <0.05),but ALT,GGT,AST,FPG and 2h PG in the observation group all improved better than those in the control group(t≥4.99,all P <0.05).In the two groups after treatment,TC,TG,HbAlc,BMI,HOMA -IR all improved significantly(t≥5.63,all P <0.05),but those of the observation group improved more significantly(t≥3.90,all P <0.05 ).In the observation group after treatment,liver lipid content (IHCL)was (10.3 ±2.9 )%,which was significantly lower than (27.8 ±4.5)% before treatment(t =32.69,P <0.05).In the control group after treatment, IHCL was (18.4 ±3.5)%,which was significantly lower than (26.9 ±4.6)% before treatment(t =14.70,P <0.05),but in the observation group after treatment IHCL was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(t =17.82,P <0.05).Conclusion Sitagliptin can significantly improve the blood glucose,blood lipid, liver function,insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with NAFLD,which has good clinical curative effects and is worthy of clinical promoting.

Objective To study the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues combined with metformin on body glycemic control and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The medical records of 132 patients with obese T2DM who were treated in our hospital from Jan.2014 to Jun.2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into observation group and the control group according to the random number table method,66 cases each.The control group were treated with metformin combined with imimol.The observation group were treated with metformin combined with GLP-1 analogue.The difference of (body mass index,BMI),(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c),(fasting blood glucose,FBG),(2 hour postprandial blood glucose,2 h PBG),(triglyceride,TG),(total cholesterol,TC),(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C),(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C),(fasting insulin,FINS),(fasting C peptide,FCP),(homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR),(homeostatic model assessment-β cell,HOMA-β)between the two groups were compared.Results Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the pre-treatment related indexes between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The BMI,waist-to-hip ratio of the observation group were more obvious after treatment (P＜0.05).The levels of HbA1c,FBG and 2 h PBG in the observation group and the control group were 6.85±1.49 vs 8.92 ±1.02 (％),5.99 ±2.09 vs 7.21±3.04 (mmol/L),7.90±2.04 vs 9.78 ±3.47 (mmol/L)(all P＜0.05).The levels of TG,TC and LDL-C in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the level of HDL-C was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The level change of FINS (15.08±3.21 vs 11.05±2.8)(mIU/L),FCP (2.21±0.84 vs 1.84±0.71)(pmol/L),HOMA-IR (1.33±0.09 vs 2.15±0.12) and HOMA-β(54.29±10.98 vs 32.15 ±6.43) were more obvious in the observation group than in the control group between before and after treatment(all P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment was 3.04％ vs 28.79)(P＜0.05).Conclusions GLP-1 analogue combined with metformin is effective in treatment of obese T2DM.The patient's blood sugar control effect is better,and the safety is higher.The body's insulin secretion level is increased,the insulin resistance is reduced,and the islet β cell function is obviously restored.It has positive significance in delaying the development of diabetes,thus worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To investigate the epidemic status and influencing factors of colorectal polyps among urban residents in Lanxi. Methods: A representative urban community was selected from Lanxi. A total of 935 local residents aged 18-80 years received questionnaire survey,physical examination,laboratory tests and colonoscopy. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to exam the potential influencing factors for colorectal polyps. Results : Eventually 880 residents were involved into the statistical analysis. Colorectal polyps were detected in 167 participants with a crude prevalence of 18.98% and adjusted prevalence for age and gender of 13.28%. The prevalence of colorectal polyps in men（28.70%）was significantly higher than that in women（12.92%,P<0.05）. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age（OR=1.038,95%CI：1.018-1.057）,males（OR=1.919,95%CI：1.303-2.826）,the middle school level of education（OR=2.443,95%CI：1.507-3.961）and constitution of Yin-Asthenia（OR=0.203,95%CI：0.057-0.720）were influencing factors for colorectal polyps;among male participants,hypertension（OR=1.721,95%CI：1.018-2.908）was a risk factor for colorectal polyps;among female participants,age（OR=1.076,95%CI：1.042-1.111）,BMI（OR=1.099,95%CI：1.001-1.207）,the middle school level of education（OR= 3.507,95%CI：1.794-6.856）and constitution of Yin-Asthenia（OR=0.160,95%CI：0.033-0.770）were influencing factors for colorectal polyps. Conclusion Age,sex,education level and constitution of Yin-Asthenia were associated with the risk of colorectal polyps among residents in Lanxi;hypertension was associated with the risk of colorectal polyps in males,while age,BMI,education level and constitution of Yin-Asthenia were associated with the risk of colorectal polyps in females.

Objective:This study aimed to reveal the age-related changes in prevalence and symptom characteristics in kidney deficiency syndrome (KDS) with varied health status.Methods:This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in6 hospitals.Investigators queried participants aged 20-79 about their health,including symptoms if any,and completed questionnaires to collect participants responses.Prevalence,severity,and frequency of KDS and other relevant parameters were observed and recorded.Comparative analysis of count-able variables,including prevalence,was performed by frequency analysis and x2 test and ex-pressed as a composite ratio.Comparative analysis of quantitative scores of the severity and frequency of symptoms was performed by the rank-sum test.Regression analysis of the corre-lation of KDS with potential contributing factors was performed by non-conditional binary lo-gistic stepwise regression of numerical variables.Results:Prevalence of KDS in healthy and unhealthy participants correlated with increasing age (P ＜ 0.05).In those with chronic disease,KDS prevalence was comparatively high,but the trend was not obvious.KDS prevalence in participants age 20-39 showed an increasing trend with deteriorating health (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to healthy individuals,KDS prevalence in subhealthy persons and those with chronic disease showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05)in the 40-59 and 60-79 age groups,whereas there was no difference between subhealthy per-sons and those with chronic disease age 40-59 and 60-79.Symptom severity scores of KDS showed an increasing trend with increasing age and deteriorating health status (P ＜ 0.05).Higher symptom frequency scores were also positively correlated with increasing age(P ＜ 0.05),but health status deterioration was not significantly correlated (P ＞ 0.05).Age,health status,lower back pain,shin soreness or heel pain,tinnitus or deafness,hair loss or loose teeth,incomplete bladder emptying or incontinence,and sexual dysfunction or infer-tility were potential factors contributing to KDS (P ＜ 0.05),but age was the only independent variable for which OR ＞1.Moreover,the distribution of typical KDS-related symptoms showed dramatic regularities.Conclusion:Prevalence and symptom characteristics of KDS were found to increase consis-tently with increasing age and deteriorating health status.Kidney deficiency may be an impor-tant mechanism of aging in the subhealthy and chronic disease states.

Optimizing operation management mode is the core task to promote the high-quality development of public hospitals.Drawing on the typical experiences and practices of operation and management of representative in-ternational hospitals in the United States,the United Kingdom,Singapore and West China Hospital of Sichuan Univer-sity,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Xinhua Hospital,Jilin University China-Japanese Union Hospital of Jilin University,and carrying out a full range of comparative analyses.Put forward the new situation of China's public hospital operations and management to establish a"big operations management"concept.By iden-tifying the operation management role,rationalizing the operation management organization structure and training operation management compound talents to discuss stablishing a committee system,integrating multi-departmental resources to form a scientific and sound problem identificaiton,feedback,consultation and improvement of working mechanism,and promote the high-quality development of publit hospitals.

Comprehensively improving the new efficiency of high-quality development of public hospitals is the key top-level design for deepening the reform of public hospitals during the"14th Five-Year Plan"period.In view of the changes in the macro environment faced by public hospitals in recent years,such as the cancellation of the addi-tion of pharmaceutical consumables and the deep promotion of the reform of payment methods,as well as the out-standing problems existing at the micro level of public hospital operation,such as the separation of diagnosis and treatment business from economic operation activities,extensive decision-making methods,unreasonable alloca-tion of resources and urgent optimization of processes.By referring to relevant theories such as value management theory,a new"trinity"public hospital lean operation management model based on"integration of industry and fi-nance,lean operation and evidence-based decision-making"is explored and constructed.It breaks the relatively parallel operation barriers of clinical diagnosis and treatment business and economic operation management,innovates a new method of linear staff management with the integration of industry and finance,gives full play to the role of experts in governing hospitals,and integrates the professional committee system driven by"technology+manage-men"into the hospital decision-making staff system to provide data evidence-based basis for assisting the hospital leadership to make scientific decisions.