1.Pars Plana Vitrectomy Assisted by Bevecizumab(Avastin) for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2009;15(8):786-787
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy with preoperative intravitreal injection of Bavacizumab (Avastin )for severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Methods 42 cases (50 eyes )with severe proliferative diabetis retinopathy treatment by vitrectomy with preoperative intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin )were analyzed retrospectively.10~14 days before vitrectomy, intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin )1.25mg/0.05ml was performed on all 50 eyes. 7 eyes with traction retinal detachment and severe macular edema were tamponed with silicon iol. 43 eyes with regional tractional retinal detachment and retinal hole were tamponed with gas.Results 50 eyes had little hemorrhage during vitrectomy with intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin ). The retinal are all reattatched after the operation. No more severe inflammatory reaction occured after vitrectomy. The intraocular pressure was under controlled.And there were no side effect in oil eyes.Conclusion Intravitreal injection of Bavacizumab (Avastin ) 10~14 days before vitrectomy for severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy can reduce the risk of hemorrhage during the operation and complication after the operation and improve the corrective eyesight after the operation.
2.The effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription on cooling-blood and activating-blood and analysis of chemical constituents by HPLC-MS and GC-MS.
Xi HUANG ; Guochun LI ; Lian YIN ; Zihan ZHANG ; Yixin LIANG ; Haibo CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2015;50(1):86-93
In order to clarify material basis of effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription, blood-heat and blood-stasis rat model induced by dry yeast was established. The changes of rectal temperature, blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were used to evaluate the cooling-blood and activating-blood effects of liangxue tongyu prescription and its parts. Compared with the model group, the extract from liangxue tongyu prescription, its volatile oil and n-butanol part could significantly reduce rectal temperature (P<0.01), and also reduce blood viscosity and plasma viscosity to various degrees (P<0.01 or P<0.05). So volatile oil and n-butanol part were primarily identified as effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription. By using GC-MS with normalization method of area to analyze volatile oil of liangxue tongyu prescription, 70 compounds were identified, accounting for about 92.54%, mainly as β-asarone, paeonol, α-asarone and shyobunone. 42 compounds such as peony glycosides, tannins, and iridoid glycosides were identified by HPLC-MS techniques and standard comparison. The study determined the effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription and clarified the chemical composition providing the foundation for further studies on material basis of liangxue tongyu prescription.
3.Effect of Yiqi Jianpi Herb on Content of NPY, VIP and Expression of Mapk14 mRNA of Rats with Spleen-qi Deficiency
Yongqiang DUAN ; Weidong CHENG ; Juan DU ; Xiaoyi YANG ; Liang LIU ; Zihan GONG ; Liming ZHU ; Yingxia CHENG ; Lanzhen LI
Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014;(4):59-62,66
Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqi Jianpi herb on content of NPY, VIP and expression of Mapk14 mRNA of rats with spleen-qi deficiency. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal groups, model group (observed on 7 d, 14 d and 21 d), treatment group of Yiqi Jianpi herb, 10 rats in each group. The spleen-qi deficient model rats were made by rhubarb, exhaustive and hungry method, and treatment group was treated with Sijunzi decoction (20 g/kg) for 21 d, then the content of NPY, VIP in serum and small intestine were evaluated with radioimmunoassay, and expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue was evaluated with real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results In model group, content of NPY was much lower than that of normal group (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were much higher than that of normal group (P<0.05), the difference was obvious in 21 d group. Compared with model 21 d group, content of NPY was increased (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were decreased (P<0.05) in treatment group. Conclusion Yiqi Jianpi herb has functions of adjusting NPY, VIP secretion and inhibiting abnormal expression of Mapk14 mRNA.
4.Acupuncture for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment:An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Manze XIA ; Zihan YIN ; Zhenghong CHEN ; Xinyue ZHANG ; Yaqin LI ; Ling ZHAO ; Fanrong LIANG
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023;25(8):2821-2831
Objective To overview the methodological quality,report quality and evidence quality of the Meta-Analyses/Systematic Reviews(MAs/SRs)of acupuncture for post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI).Methods A search was conducted for MAs/SRs on PSCI using English or Chinese from inception to 20 February 2022 published in four Chinese databases:CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM;and three English databases:PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library.The MAs/SRs were evaluated for methodological quality using AMSTAR 2 and for reporting quality using PRISMA,and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system.Results A total of 18 MAs/SRs were included in this study,of which 89%showed the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for PSCI.According to AMSTAR 2,1 study was of low methodological quality and 17 studies were of critically low quality;according to PRISMA,1 study was of high quality,16 studies were of moderate quality and 1 study was of poor quality;GRADE showed that of the 71 outcomes included,however,there was no evidence of high quality outcomes,with 10 of moderate quality,17 of low quality,and 44 of very low quality.Conclusion Acupuncture may be effective and safe in the treatment of PSCI,but in current acupuncture for PSCI is generally of low quality and should be interpreted with caution.
5.Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Mild Cognitive Impairment:A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies
Zhenghong CHEN ; Zihan YIN ; Yaqin LI ; Manze XIA ; Xinyue ZHANG ; Fanrong LIANG
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023;25(10):3420-3430
Objective A scoping review of clinical research studies on acupuncture and moxibustion intervention in mild cognitive impairment(MCI),to get a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research in the field,in order to provide reference for the key research direction and clinical decision-making of acupuncture and moxibustion intervention in MCI in the future.Methods Systematic searches were carried out in Chinese and English databases(such as CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,China Biomedical Database,Pubmed,Web of Science,Embase,The Cochrane library),and trial registration platforms(such as WHO ICTRP and Clinical Trials.gov).the clinical studies and Systematic Reviews(SRs)and/or Meta-analyses(MAs)of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of MCI were collected.The search language is limited to Chinese and English,and the search time is from the establishment to July 27,2022.The final included studies were summarized from the aspects of annual publication trend,the patterns of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation,acupuncture treatment plan,and outcome indicators of clinical studies.AMASTAR 2 was used to evaluate the methodological quality of SRs/MAs,and evidence mapping was constructed using bubble charts,etc.Results 108 original clinical studies and 9 SRs/MAs were included.The included clinical studies were randomized controlled trials.From 2006 to 2022,the number of publications generally showed an upward trend.Kidney essence deficiency syndrome was the most common dialectical classification in TCM.Special acupuncture treatment regimens are most common as interventions.And outcome measures were mainly Mini-Mental State Examination,Montreal Cognitive Assessment,and Activities of Daily Living,and so on.The assessment of AMSTAR 2 showed at least more than 2 critical flaws,the methodological quality of included SRs/MAs was critically low.Conclusion At present,acupuncture and moxibustion intervention for MCI has a good development prospect and is worthy of in-depth study,but there are still problems such as a single type of clinical study,lack of unified standards for TCM syndrome differentiation,and further standardization of outcome indicator reporting.In addition,the quality of existing evidence for SRs/MAs is generally low,and more in-depth studies are needed to clarify the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion intervention for MCI.
6.Effect of Xiaoyaosan on JNK Pathway in LPS-induced Depressive-like Behavior in Mice
Jingwen YANG ; Wenqing LIANG ; Zihan GONG ; Ying WANG ; Guangxin YUE ; Yuan LIANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2023;29(21):32-40
ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Xiaoyaosan in alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior in mice based on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. MethodAfter adaptive feeding, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, minocycline group (intrabitoneal injection, 50 mg·kg-1), fluoxetine group (intragastric administration, 2.6 mg·kg-1), and low-, medium-, and high-dose Xiaoyaosan groups (intragastric administration,6.012 5, 12.025, and 24.050 g·kg-1). After 14 days of administration, the model group and each administration group were intraperitoneally injected with 2 mg·kg-1 LPS, and the normal group was intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of normal saline. Depressive-like behavior in mice was assessed using the open field test and the elevated zero maze test. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the levels of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) in the mouse hippocampus. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the protein expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1), c-Fos, and c-Jun. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to measure mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, c-Jun, c-Fos, and JNK3 in the mouse hippocampus. Protein expression levels of JNK and phosphorylated (p)-JNK in the mouse hippocampus were measured using capillary protein automated protein expression analysis system (Western). ResultCompared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significantly reduced central area residence time, crossing times, and travel distance in the open field (P<0.01), significantly increased serum IL-1β levels (P<0.01), significantly decreased NE and E levels (P<0.05), upregulated mRNA expression of IL-1β, JNK3, and c-Fos, and increased protein expression of Iba-1, c-Fos, and c-Jun (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the Xiaoyaosan groups showed increased central area residence time and open arm residence time (P<0.05), increased NE and E levels (P<0.01), decreased mRNA expression of IL-1β, JNK3, c-Jun, and c-Fos, and decreased protein expression of Iba-1, c-Fos, JNK, and p-JNK (P<0.05, P<0.01). The minocycline group and the fluoxetine group showed decreased mRNA expression of JNK3, c-Jun, and c-Fos (P<0.05, P<0.01). The minocycline group showed decreased serum IL-1β and p-JNK protein expression (P<0.01). The fluoxetine group exhibited increased NE and E levels and decreased c-Fos protein expression (P<0.01). ConclusionXiaoyaosan can improve depressive-like behavior induced by LPS in mice, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses and the JNK pathway.
7.Molecular Mechanism of Erxian Decoction in Treatment of Anxiety Disorder Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Kaijie SHE ; Jingwen YANG ; Danhua MENG ; Wenqing LIANG ; Zihan GONG ; Guangxin YUE
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(19):185-193
ObjectiveTo predict the potential molecular mechanism of Erxian decoction in the treatment of anxiety disorder based on network pharmacology, and to verify the efficacy and mechanism using the animal model of maternal separation combined with restraint stress. MethodActive components and related targets of Erxian decoction were obtained by traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction. The targets related to anxiety disorder were screened out through GeneCards, therapeutic target database (TTD), online mendelian inheritance in man database (OMIM), and DrugBank, and the drug-disease intersection targets were obtained by taking intersections with the drug targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by the STRING database, and the core targets were screened out based on topological parameter analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out for the intersection targets through the Metascape platform. Maternal separation combined with restraint stress was used to induce the mouse model of anxiety disorder. From the end of lactation on the 21st postnatal day (PD21) to the completion of restraint stress on the 97th postnatal day (PD97), the mice were fed with Erxian decoction mixed with diet. The anxiety state of mice was evaluated by open field test and elevated O-maze test. The content of plasma corticosterone (CORT) in mice was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of protein kinase B (Akt1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95), and synaptophysin in the hippocampus of mice were detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). ResultNinty-seven active components and 227 action targets of Erxian decoction were obtained. There were 3 863 targets related to anxiety disorder, with 161 drug-disease intersection targets. Among these intersection targets, core targets such as Akt1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and mTOR were presumedly closely related to anxiety disorder. The results of KEGG pathway analysis showed that Erxian decoction mainly treated anxiety disorder through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathways. The results of animal experiments showed that compared with the model group, the Erxian decoction group significantly increased the time of mice spent in the central zone and central crossing times and time spent in the opened arm and opened arm crossing times, with significantly increased expression levels of p-Akt1, p-mTOR, BDNF, PSD95, and synaptophysin (Syp). ConclusionErxian decoction has the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics in the treatment of anxiety disorder, and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of synaptic plasticity and neuroinflammation by affecting Akt1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, mTOR, and other core targets and modulating PI3K/Akt, MAPK, as well as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signal pathways.
8. Evaluation of core muscle groups in ankylosing spondylitis based on DAVID spinal biomechanics training system
Min LI ; Xiaohui WU ; Junhua WU ; Yi LIANG ; Jia WU ; Cuiping WANG ; Jing XU ; Mingming HUANG ; Zihan SU
Chinese Journal of Rheumatology 2019;23(10):656-661
Objective:
To evaluate and describe the changes of core muscle groups based on DAVID spine biomechanics training system in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.
Methods:
The clinical data of 100 patients of AS and 31 healthy controls were collected. Clinical symptoms, Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis function index (BASFI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis measurement index (BASMI), ankylosing spondylitis disease activity (ASDAS), and simultaneous detection of DAVID spine biomechanics training system, simple core muscle fitness test: Eight-grade abdominal bridge, PLANK exercise (flat support), Abdominal static muscle endurance test, Back static muscle endurance test were compared using
9.Feasibility of Erxian Decoction and Wenshen Prescription in Treatment of Depression Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Kaijie SHE ; Zihan GONG ; Jingwen YANG ; Wenqing LIANG ; Danhua MENG ; Guangxin YUE
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(16):211-220
ObjectiveTo predict the molecular mechanism of Erxian decoction and Wenshen prescription (modified Erxian decoction) in the treatment of depression based on network pharmacology and explore the feasibility of Wenshen prescription in the treatment of depression by comparing the efficacy and mechanism of the two decoctions based on a depression model induced by maternal separation combined with chronic restraint stress. MethodActive components and targets of Erxian decoction and Wenshen prescription were collected through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM). Targets related to depression were screened out from databases such as GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database (OMIM), and DrugBank. Common targets of drugs and disease were obtained and imported to Cytoscape 3.8.2 to plot the drug-active component-target-disease network. STRING platform was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and core targets and related core components were screened out. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis were performed on common targets through Metascape platform. The depression model was induced in mice by maternal separation combined with chronic restraint stress. From the 21st day of maternal separation (PD21) to the 111th day of restraint stress completion (PD111), mice were fed with the diet mixed with Erxian decoction or Wenshen prescription for intervention. The depressive state of mice was evaluated according to the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, open field test, and elevated O-maze test. The expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) in the microglia was observed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Western blot and Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) were used to detect the expression levels of protein kinase B1(Akt1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95), and synaptophysin (Syn). ResultA total of 126 and 118 targets of Erxian decoction and Wenshen prescription in the treatment of depression were screened out, with only eight more targets of Erxian decoction than Wenshen prescription. The two decoctions shared the same core targets, mainly including Akt1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis predicted that Erxian decoction and Wenshen prescription mainly treated depression through the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. Animal experiments showed that compared with the results in the model group, Erxian decoction and Wenshen prescription could up-regulate the sucrose preference index, prolong the time spent in the central zone, increase the number of crossings, prolong the time spent in opened arm, increase the number of crossings in the opened arm, elevate the expression levels of p-Akt1, BDNF, PSD95, and Syn (P<0.05, P<0.01), shorten the immobility time of tail suspension, and reduce the expression level of Iba-1 in the hippocampal microglia (P<0.05, P<0.01). No significant difference between the two decoctions was found. ConclusionUnder the pathogenesis and syndrome law of depression dominated by kidney yang deficiency, Wenshen prescription modified from Erxian decoction is feasible in the treatment of depression. The mechanism may be attributed to the fact that both decoctions can improve neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus by affecting Akt1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and other core targets and regulating the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathways.
10.Association between urinary thallium and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Yajie LIU ; Ruilin WANG ; Zihan LIANG ; Jiahui LI ; Yujie HAO
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2024;40(4):688-693
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between urinary thallium (TL) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MethodsRelated data were collected from the registered participants aged ≥18 years in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017 to 2020, with th exclusion of the individuals with a lack of liver transient elastography data and urinary TL indicators and those with hepatitis B, hepatitis C or significant alcohol consumption. A total of individuals were divided into NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group. Urinary TL level was quantitatively measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and online solid-phase extraction combined with isotope dilution. The two groups were compared in terms of age, sex, race, marital status, education, family income poverty impact ratio (FMPIR), body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HL), and urinary TL level. The independent-samples t test or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Descriptive analysis, multivariable Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and interaction analysis were conducted to investigate the risk association between urinary TL and NAFLD. ResultsA total of 2 511 individuals were included, with 1 612 (64.20%) in the NAFLD group and 899 (35.80%) in the non-NAFLD group, and the NAFLD group had a significantly higher urinary TL level than the non-NAFLD group [0.18 (0.11 — 0.26)μg/L vs 0.16 (0.09 — 0.25)μg/L, Z=-2.76, P=0.01]. After adjustment for the covariates of age, sex, race, education, marital status, FMPIR, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, DM, HTN, and HL, the urinary TL Q4 group had a significant increase in the risk of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]=1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48 — 2.44, P<0.01). There was a positive dose-response relationship (P<0.01) and a non-linear relationship (P<0.01) between urinary TL and the risk of NAFLD. A significant interaction was observed between urinary TL and smoking/BMI (P<0.05). For individuals taking ≥100 cigarettes in their lifetime, the risk of NAFLD was increased by 50% for every quartile increase in urinary TL (OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.24 — 1.80), and for individuals taking<100 cigarettes in their lifetime, the risk of NAFLD was increased by 20% for every quartile increase in urinary TL (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.03 — 1.40); for individuals with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, the risk of NAFLD was increased by 30% for every quartile increase in urinary TL (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.05 — 1.70), with a statistical significance (P<0.05). ConclusionUrinary TL level is significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD.