1.Functional connectivity among insula, sensory and social brain regions in boys with autism spectrum disorder
LI Xiaoxue, ZHAI Jinhe, HAO Haiying, XU Zihan, CAO Xuan, XIA Wei, WANG Jia
Chinese Journal of School Health 2023;44(3):335-338
Objective:
To identify the functional connectivity characteristics of insula, sensory and social related brain regions in boys with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), to explore the central nervous basis of sensory abnormality affecting core symptoms in boys with ASD.
Methods:
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs fMRI) data were collected from 34 boys with ASD and 29 typical development boys (TD group). Based on functional connectivity analysis, the sensory related brain regions, insula, and social related brain regions were taken as regions of interest to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) level between the regions of interest, the differences between the two groups were compared and the results were corrected by FDR. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Spectrum Quotient-Children s Version (AQ-Child) were used to assess the core phenotypes of boys with ASD.
Results:
Compared with the TD group, the levels of FC between tactile brain regions and insula, olfactory brain regions and insula, auditory brain regions and insula in boys with ASD group were significantly increased. The level of FC between the insula and bilateral amygdala,insula and the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) were significantly increased( P <0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of FC between auditory brain region(BA42)and left insula in ASD group was negatively correlated with the scores of communication subscale of ADOS( r =-0.44),social interaction subscale of ADOS( r =-0.43), communication & social interaction subscale of ADOS( r =-0.49),attention to details subscale of AQ-Child( r =-0.41). The level of FC between the right insula and right amygdala was positively correlated with the attention switch subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.38), the level of FC between right insula and mPFC was positively correlated with the scores of repetitive behavior subscale of ADOS( r =0.48), the attention switch subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.49), total scale subscale of AQ-Child( r =0.41), total scale of CARS( r =0.41)( P < 0.05 ).
Conclusion
The levels of FC between insula and sensory related, social related brain regions are abnormal in children with ASD, which have significant correlations with clinical symptoms. In depth studies can be conducted to explore underlying neutral mechanisms.
2.Prevalence and influencing factors of colorectal polyps in Lanxi residents
Weifang ZHENG ; Xiaodong HU ; Zihan YIN ; Zhonghua LU ; Shengzhi WU ; Zhong SHEN ; Menghan JIA ; Chen WEI ; Xiangyang ZHANG
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2019;31(4):341-345
Objective:
To investigate the epidemic status and influencing factors of colorectal polyps among urban residents in Lanxi.
Methods:
A representative urban community was selected from Lanxi. A total of 935 local residents aged 18-80 years received questionnaire survey,physical examination,laboratory tests and colonoscopy. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to exam the potential influencing factors for colorectal polyps.
Results :
Eventually 880 residents were involved into the statistical analysis. Colorectal polyps were detected in 167 participants with a crude prevalence of 18.98% and adjusted prevalence for age and gender of 13.28%. The prevalence of colorectal polyps in men(28.70%)was significantly higher than that in women(12.92%,P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.038,95%CI:1.018-1.057),males(OR=1.919,95%CI:1.303-2.826),the middle school level of education(OR=2.443,95%CI:1.507-3.961)and constitution of Yin-Asthenia(OR=0.203,95%CI:0.057-0.720)were influencing factors for colorectal polyps;among male participants,hypertension(OR=1.721,95%CI:1.018-2.908)was a risk factor for colorectal polyps;among female participants,age(OR=1.076,95%CI:1.042-1.111),BMI(OR=1.099,95%CI:1.001-1.207),the middle school level of education(OR= 3.507,95%CI:1.794-6.856)and constitution of Yin-Asthenia(OR=0.160,95%CI:0.033-0.770)were influencing factors for colorectal polyps.
Conclusion
Age,sex,education level and constitution of Yin-Asthenia were associated with the risk of colorectal polyps among residents in Lanxi;hypertension was associated with the risk of colorectal polyps in males,while age,BMI,education level and constitution of Yin-Asthenia were associated with the risk of colorectal polyps in females.
3.Autism spectrum disorder s sensory characteristics and its correlation with core phenotype
ZHAI Jinhe, LI Xiaoxue, XU Zihan, HAO Haiying, XIA Wei, FAN Lili, TENG Wanmeng, WANG Jia
Chinese Journal of School Health 2023;44(3):339-343
Objective:
To explore the differences of sensory manifestations between ASD children and typical development children, and to clarify the characteristics of sensory abnormalities in ASD and their relationship with various clinical symptoms, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and specific intervention.
Methods:
A total of 265 ASD children who received rehabilitation training in autism rehabilitation institutions in Heilongjiang Province were collected as the case group, and 223 typical development children in ordinary kindergartens and schools in Harbin were taken as the control group. Short Sensory Profile (SSP) was used to evaluate the difference of children s sensory perception level between the two groups, and Social Response Scale (SRS) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used to evaluate the severity of symptoms including social disorder of autistic children. The correlation between SSP scores in ASD group and clinical scales was analyzed.
Results:
The comparison of SSP scores between the two groups found that the median scores of all sensory dimensions in ASD group (tactile=33, taste/smell=18, motion sensitivity=13, Low response/sensation seeking=28, auditory filtering=19, low strength=22, visual/auditory=20) were lower than those of the healthy control group( Z =-2.73,-4.36,-3.17,-5.09,-11.00,-10.45,-3.43, P <0.05). The abnormal rate of multisensory score in children in ASD group was 55.1%, and that in control group was 21.2%, with significant difference( χ 2=57.15, P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that SSP score in ASD group was negatively correlated with all dimensions of SRS, nonverbal communication, and social function of ADI-R scale, ADOS communication and social interaction, and total scores of ABC and CARS( P < 0.05 ).
Conclusion
Children with ASD have atypical sensory experiences, especially in auditory filtering dimension, and the level of atypical sensation is related to the severity of clinical symptoms of autism. In the future clinical diagnosis, treatment and research, it is necessary to strengthen the ability to recognize the sensory symptoms of children with ASD, so as to realize the early diagnosis and intervention.
4.A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of functional connectivity in patients with leukoaraiosis
Shaohua JIN ; Junjie YU ; Minyan LU ; Shaoyun GE ; Zihan LI ; Yongfeng JIA ; Min WANG
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2023;32(12):1071-1077
Objective:To investigate the alterations of brain resting-state functional connectivity in patients with leukoaraiosis(LA), and to explore its neuropathological mechanism of cognitive dysfunction.Methods:From August 2022 to February 2023, 28 patients with LA(LA group) and 30 gender, age and education level matched normal controls(NC group) in Jiangsu Shengze Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were prospectively recruited.Mini mental state examination, trail-making test, and Stroop color-word test were used to evaluate the cognitive function of participants, rs-fMRI images were processed by DPABI V6.1 based on MATLAB R2022a.Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC) values were calculated and two-sample t test were performed to compare the differences in local brain activity between the two groups.The brain regions with significant differences were selected as the seeds to calculate the functional connectivity(FC) values of the whole brain, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between the FC values and neuropsychological scores. Results:The VMHC values of the calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex(CAL) (x=±18, y=-63, z=15), postcentral gyrus(PoCG) (x=±39, y=-27, z=48), lingual gyrus(LING) (x=±12, y=-51, z=-6), middle occipital gyrus(x=±27, y=-75, z=24) and insula(x=±36, y=6, z=3) in the LA group were lower than those in the NC group( P<0.05). The seed points FC results showed, FC values between right CAL(CAL.R) and bilateral precuneus(PCUN), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC.R) and right temporal_mid were reduced in the LA group( P<0.05); FC values between PoCG.R and left CAL, left temporal_mid and right LING were reduced too( P<0.05). Additionally, the FC value in the LA group between CAL.R and DLPFC.R was negatively correlated with the Stroop C score( r=-0.39, P<0.05). The FC value in LA group and NC group between CAL.R and DLPFC.R was negatively correlated with the Stroop C score( r=-0.48, P<0.001)and also negatively correlated with the trail making test B(TMT-B) score( r=-0.40, P<0.01), and the FC value between CAL.R and PCUN.L was negatively correlated with the TMT-B score( r=-0.45, P<0.001). Conclusion:Desynchronized interhemispheric functional connectivity and abnormal cortical circuit functional connectivity were probably associated with the underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive impairment in LA.
5.Expert guidance on overall management of liver cancer during the COVID-19
Huichuan SUN ; Xinrong YANG ; Zhiping YAN ; Zhenggang REN ; Rong LIU ; Lan ZHANG ; Yang XU ; Yifeng HE ; Zihan ZHANG ; Jia FAN ; Jian ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery 2022;21(5):557-563
The pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues, which shows the concentrated or sporadic cases in multiple places. Current COVID situation is still complex. During the COVID-19, routine diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer patients has been affected in different degrees. Under the premise of following the treatment guidelines, how to reduce the risk of infection of patients and medical staff, utilize limited medical resources to maximally ensure anti-tumor treatment and related emergency treatment, and help patients get through the epidemic period is a problem for liver oncologists. Thus, experts of liver cancer treatment related disciplines of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University have written the Expert guidance on overall management of liver cancer during the COVID-19, which aims to provide references for liver oncolo-gists to conduct clinical work safely and effectively under the epidemic prevention and control, and to help patients fight against the epidemic smoothly.
6. Evaluation of core muscle groups in ankylosing spondylitis based on DAVID spinal biomechanics training system
Min LI ; Xiaohui WU ; Junhua WU ; Yi LIANG ; Jia WU ; Cuiping WANG ; Jing XU ; Mingming HUANG ; Zihan SU
Chinese Journal of Rheumatology 2019;23(10):656-661
Objective:
To evaluate and describe the changes of core muscle groups based on DAVID spine biomechanics training system in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.
Methods:
The clinical data of 100 patients of AS and 31 healthy controls were collected. Clinical symptoms, Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis function index (BASFI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis measurement index (BASMI), ankylosing spondylitis disease activity (ASDAS), and simultaneous detection of DAVID spine biomechanics training system, simple core muscle fitness test: Eight-grade abdominal bridge, PLANK exercise (flat support), Abdominal static muscle endurance test, Back static muscle endurance test were compared using
7.Historical Evolution and Textual Research on Classical Prescription Taohe Chengqitang
Jinbao WANG ; Lei ZHANG ; Lin TONG ; Siqi JIA ; Zihan JIA ; Danping ZHENG ; Bing LI ; Huamin ZHANG ; Sihong LIU ;
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(18):135-143
Taohe Chengqitang is a classical prescription published in The Catalogue of Ancient Classic Recipes (The First Batch). This study systematically summarized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ancient books and modern clinical reports on Taohe Chengqitang and investigated its origin, composition, basis, and historical evolution in processing requirements, dosage, preparation and administration, and functions. The findings indicated different opinions on drug basis, preparation of decoction pieces, and drug dosage conversion. Based on sufficient literature review, the actual development needs of classical prescriptions, and the usage habits of modern clinical practice, this study recommended dried mature seeds of Prunus persica or P. davidiana for Persicae Semen, dried twigs of Cinnamomum cassia for Cinnamomi Ramulus, honey-fried Glycyrrhiza uralensis for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw Rheum palmatum, R. tanguticum, or R. offìcinale for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and mirabilite for Natrii Sulfas. In terms of drug dosage, the doses directed converted from weights and measures in the Han dynasty were large. According to the common doses in modern clinical practice, conversion was carried out based on 6 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 6 g of Natrii Sulfas, 6 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and 12 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The weight of Persicae Semen should be determined according to the actual measurement. In terms of preparation and administration, the drugs in the pot were decocted with 1 400 mL of water to obtain 500 mL of decoction, which was filtered and slightly boiled in the presence of Natrii Sulfas. About 100 mL of warm decoction was taken before meals, three times a day. It was recorded in the ancient books that Taohe Chengqitang was indicated for the syndromes of heat invading the bladder and accumulating inside in the case of released exterior syndrome in Taiyang. After symptom-based flexible application by doctors, it is currently commonly used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, constipation, chronic renal failure, and other diseases.
8.Seven new 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarin derivatives from Angelica dahurica.
Yang WANG ; Fanyu SHI ; Zihan LU ; Mingliang ZHANG ; Zekun ZHANG ; Fangfang JIA ; Beibei ZHANG ; Lishan OUYANG ; Zhixiang ZHU ; Shepo SHI
Chinese Herbal Medicines 2023;15(3):457-462
OBJECTIVE:
To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Angelica dahurica, a well-known Chinese herbal medicine named Baizhi in Chinese.
METHODS:
Compounds were separated by various chromatographies, and the structures of new compounds were elucidated based on the analysis of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D, 2D NMR, HRESI MS, IR, and UV). The absolute configurations of new compounds were determined by the calculated electronic circular dichroism and chemical derivatization. The inhibitory activities of all isolates against nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
RESULTS:
Seven new 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarin derivatives ( 1a/ 1b, 2a/ 2b, 3a/ 3b, 4) together with a known furanocoumarin ( 5) were isolated from the roots of A. dahurica. The new compounds included three pairs of enantiomers, (4S, 2''R)-angelicadin A ( 1a)/(4R, 2''S)-angelicadin A ( 1b), (4S, 2''S)-angelicadin A ( 2a)/(4R, 2''R)-angelicadin A ( 2b), and (4S, 2''S)-secoangelicadin A ( 3a)/(4R, 2''R)-secoangelicadin A ( 3b), together with (4R, 2''R)-secoangelicadin A methyl ester ( 4). The known xanthotoxol ( 5) inhibited the NO production with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of (32.8 ± 0.8) µmol/L, but all the new compounds showed no inhibitory activities at the concentration of 100 µmol/L.
CONCLUSION
This is the first report of the discovery of 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarins from A. dahurica. The results are not only meaningful for the understanding of the chemical constituents of A. dahurica, but also enrich the reservoir of natural products.
9.Burden of vitiligo on Chinese patients: An online survey.
Abdulrahman AMER ; Yan WU ; Chunying LI ; Juan DU ; Hong JIA ; Shanshan LI ; Caixia TU ; Qiang LI ; Hongxia LIU ; Junling ZHANG ; Tao LU ; Jinsong LIU ; Aihua MEI ; Han LIU ; Fei TIAN ; Chong LU ; Zihan LI ; Lixin CAO ; Xinghua GAO
Chinese Medical Journal 2023;136(19):2365-2367